Catalog of Lunar Eclipse Saros Series

Saros Series 86

The periodicity and recurrence of lunar (and solar) eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node[1] with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and at the same time of year. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 15 centuries and contains 70 or more lunar eclipses.

Lunar eclipses of Saros 86 all occur at the Moon’s ascending node and the Moon moves southward with each eclipse. The series began with a penumbral eclipse near the northern edge of the penumbra on -0074 Jul 13. The series ended with a penumbral eclipse near the southern edge of the penumbra on 1224 Aug 30. The total duration of Saros series 86 is 1298.17 years. In summary:

                      First Eclipse = -0074 Jul 13   23:31:40 TD
                       Last Eclipse =  1224 Aug 30   12:40:13 TD

                      Duration of Saros  86  =  1298.17 Years

Saros 86 is composed of 73 lunar eclipses as follows:

Lunar Eclipses of Saros 86
Eclipse Type Symbol Number Percent
All Eclipses - 73100.0%
PenumbralN 32 43.8%
PartialP 16 21.9%
TotalT 25 34.2%

The 73 lunar eclipses in Saros 86 occur in the order of 24N 8P 25T 8P 8N which corresponds to:

                                    24  Penumbral
                                     8  Partial
                                    25  Total
                                     8  Partial
                                     8  Penumbral

The longest and shortest eclipses of Saros 86 are as follows.

            Longest  Total  Lunar Eclipse:    0611 Aug 29      Duration = 01h44m53s
           Shortest  Total  Lunar Eclipse:    0936 Mar 11      Duration = 00h36m27s

            Longest Partial Lunar Eclipse:    0954 Mar 22      Duration = 03h27m44s
           Shortest Partial Lunar Eclipse:    1080 Jun 05      Duration = 00h28m18s

          Longest Penumbral Lunar Eclipse:    1098 Jun 16      Duration = 04h31m22s
         Shortest Penumbral Lunar Eclipse:   -0074 Jul 13      Duration = 00h31m17s

The largest and smallest magnitude partial eclipses of Saros 86 are:

            Largest Partial Lunar Eclipse:    0954 Mar 22      Magnitude = 0.9564
           Smallest Partial Lunar Eclipse:    1080 Jun 05      Magnitude = 0.0133

Local circumstances at greatest eclipse[2] for every lunar eclipse of Saros 86 are presented in the following catalog. For eclipses occurring between the years -1999 to +3000 (2000 BCE to 3000 CE), the sequence number in the first column links to a eclipse geometry diagram and a map from Five Millennium Canon of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000. A detailed key and additional information about the catalog can be found at: Key to Catalog of Lunar Eclipse Saros Series.



Catalog of Lunar Eclipses in Saros 86

                          TD of                                                          Phase
Seq. Rel.    Calendar   Greatest          Luna  Ecl.               Pen.    Um.    ---- Durations ---- 
Num. Num.      Date      Eclipse     ΔT    Num  Type QSE  Gamma    Mag.    Mag.    Pen.   Par.  Total
                                      s                                              m      m      m

 01  -38  -0074 Jul 13  23:31:40  11296 -25646   Nb  a-   1.5358  0.0136 -0.9345   31.3    -      -  
 02  -37  -0056 Jul 24  07:06:57  11105 -25423   N   a-   1.4760  0.1250 -0.8264   94.0    -      -  
 03  -36  -0038 Aug 04  14:47:55  10917 -25200   N   a-   1.4211  0.2278 -0.7276  126.0    -      -  
 04  -35  -0020 Aug 14  22:34:46  10731 -24977   N   a-   1.3713  0.3213 -0.6384  148.7    -      -  
 05  -34  -0002 Aug 26  06:29:14  10548 -24754   N   a-   1.3280  0.4031 -0.5612  165.7    -      -  
 06  -33   0016 Sep 05  14:29:41  10367 -24531   N   a-   1.2900  0.4753 -0.4939  179.3    -      -  
 07  -32   0034 Sep 16  22:38:50  10188 -24308   N   a-   1.2595  0.5338 -0.4403  189.5    -      -  
 08  -31   0052 Sep 27  06:54:24  10010 -24085   N   a-   1.2345  0.5823 -0.3969  197.6    -      -  
 09  -30   0070 Oct 08  15:17:47   9835 -23862   N   a-   1.2164  0.6178 -0.3662  203.4    -      -  
 10  -29   0088 Oct 18  23:46:51   9660 -23639   N   a-   1.2034  0.6441 -0.3446  207.8    -      -  

 11  -28   0106 Oct 30  08:22:39   9487 -23416   N   a-   1.1964  0.6590 -0.3340  210.6    -      -  
 12  -27   0124 Nov 09  17:01:56   9314 -23193   N   a-   1.1928  0.6677 -0.3292  212.5    -      -  
 13  -26   0142 Nov 21  01:44:36   9143 -22970   N   a-   1.1925  0.6700 -0.3304  213.5    -      -  
 14  -25   0160 Dec 01  10:28:20   8971 -22747   N   a-   1.1937  0.6693 -0.3340  214.0    -      -  
 15  -24   0178 Dec 12  19:12:35   8800 -22524   N   a-   1.1964  0.6655 -0.3403  214.2    -      -  
 16  -23   0196 Dec 23  03:53:36   8630 -22301   N   a-   1.1971  0.6653 -0.3423  214.8    -      -  
 17  -22   0215 Jan 03  12:31:27   8458 -22078   N   a-   1.1960  0.6680 -0.3410  215.8    -      -  
 18  -21   0233 Jan 13  21:03:10   8287 -21855   N   a-   1.1909  0.6777 -0.3323  217.8    -      -  
 19  -20   0251 Jan 25  05:29:35   8115 -21632   N   a-   1.1825  0.6936 -0.3171  220.7    -      -  
 20  -19   0269 Feb 04  13:46:02   7943 -21409   N   a-   1.1670  0.7221 -0.2888  225.2    -      -  

 21  -18   0287 Feb 15  21:55:26   7770 -21186   N   a-   1.1467  0.7595 -0.2516  230.8    -      -  
 22  -17   0305 Feb 26  05:53:39   7596 -20963   N   a-   1.1180  0.8122 -0.1990  238.2    -      -  
 23  -16   0323 Mar 09  13:43:57   7421 -20740   N   h-   1.0838  0.8750 -0.1363  246.5    -      -  
 24  -15   0341 Mar 19  21:22:21   7246 -20517   N   h-   1.0408  0.9540 -0.0575  256.1    -      -  
 25  -14   0359 Mar 31  04:53:11   7069 -20294   P   h-   0.9923  1.0432  0.0312  266.2   40.8    -  
 26  -13   0377 Apr 10  12:13:33   6892 -20071   P   t-   0.9360  1.1469  0.1341  277.0   83.6    -  
 27  -12   0395 Apr 21  19:26:17   6714 -19848   P   t-   0.8742  1.2608  0.2470  287.9  112.1    -  
 28  -11   0413 May 02  02:30:17   6536 -19625   P   t-   0.8058  1.3871  0.3717  298.8  135.4    -  
 29  -10   0431 May 13  09:29:00   6358 -19402   P   t-   0.7338  1.5202  0.5028  309.2  154.9    -  
 30  -09   0449 May 23  16:21:54   6179 -19179   P   t-   0.6578  1.6610  0.6411  319.0  171.6    -  

 31  -08   0467 Jun 03  23:10:33   6001 -18956   P   t-   0.5792  1.8068  0.7839  328.1  185.9    -  
 32  -07   0485 Jun 14  05:56:53   5825 -18733   P   t-   0.4992  1.9553  0.9289  336.3  197.9    -  
 33  -06   0503 Jun 25  12:42:21   5648 -18510   T   t-   0.4191  2.1042  1.0738  343.4  207.8   42.8
 34  -05   0521 Jul 05  19:28:10   5471 -18287   T   p-   0.3402  2.2513  1.2164  349.5  215.6   70.1
 35  -04   0539 Jul 17  02:15:12   5295 -18064   T+  pp   0.2631  2.3952  1.3554  354.6  221.7   85.7
 36  -03   0557 Jul 27  09:06:13   5121 -17841   T+  pp   0.1900  2.5321  1.4871  358.7  226.1   95.3
 37  -02   0575 Aug 07  16:01:52   4948 -17618   T+  pp   0.1212  2.6610  1.6104  362.0  229.1  101.1
 38  -01   0593 Aug 17  23:02:30   4776 -17395   T+  pp   0.0572  2.7814  1.7251  364.5  230.9  104.1
 39   00   0611 Aug 29  06:10:27   4605 -17172   T-  pp  -0.0001  2.8891  1.8269  366.3  231.7  104.9
 40   01   0629 Sep 08  13:25:57   4436 -16949   T-  pp  -0.0505  2.7997  1.7317  367.7  231.8  104.2


Catalog of Lunar Eclipses in Saros 86

                          TD of                                                          Phase
Seq. Rel.    Calendar   Greatest          Luna  Ecl.               Pen.    Um.    ---- Durations ---- 
Num. Num.      Date      Eclipse     ΔT    Num  Type QSE  Gamma    Mag.    Mag.    Pen.   Par.  Total
                                      s                                              m      m      m

 41   02   0647 Sep 19  20:50:01   4269 -16726   T-  pp  -0.0935  2.7236  1.6499  368.7  231.4  102.5
 42   03   0665 Sep 30  04:20:51   4103 -16503   T-  pp  -0.1304  2.6587  1.5795  369.5  230.7  100.2
 43   04   0683 Oct 11  12:00:16   3939 -16280   T-  pp  -0.1597  2.6075  1.5231  370.2  230.0   97.7
 44   05   0701 Oct 21  19:46:39   3777 -16057   T-  pp  -0.1828  2.5674  1.4783  370.8  229.3   95.4
 45   06   0719 Nov 02  03:39:07   3617 -15834   T-  pp  -0.2003  2.5374  1.4442  371.4  228.7   93.3
 46   07   0737 Nov 12  11:36:54   3459 -15611   T-  -p  -0.2130  2.5159  1.4191  372.0  228.3   91.6
 47   08   0755 Nov 23  19:38:22   3305 -15388   T-  -p  -0.2222  2.5005  1.4010  372.5  228.0   90.4
 48   09   0773 Dec 04  03:42:30   3153 -15165   T-  -p  -0.2288  2.4894  1.3879  373.0  227.8   89.4
 49   10   0791 Dec 15  11:45:36   3004 -14942   T-  -p  -0.2357  2.4772  1.3746  373.3  227.7   88.4
 50   11   0809 Dec 25  19:48:48   2858 -14719   T-  -p  -0.2422  2.4654  1.3624  373.5  227.5   87.5

 51   12   0828 Jan 06  03:47:56   2716 -14496   T-  -p  -0.2513  2.4486  1.3460  373.4  227.1   86.1
 52   13   0846 Jan 16  11:43:00   2577 -14273   T-  -p  -0.2638  2.4251  1.3237  373.0  226.5   84.1
 53   14   0864 Jan 27  19:30:38   2443 -14050   T   -p  -0.2821  2.3906  1.2910  372.2  225.4   80.8
 54   15   0882 Feb 07  03:12:24   2312 -13827   T   -p  -0.3049  2.3475  1.2502  371.1  223.9   76.2
 55   16   0900 Feb 18  10:45:18   2185 -13604   T   -p  -0.3349  2.2910  1.1967  369.3  221.6   68.9
 56   17   0918 Feb 28  18:09:14   2062 -13381   T   -t  -0.3721  2.2212  1.1301  366.9  218.3   57.4
 57   18   0936 Mar 11  01:23:54   1944 -13158   T   -t  -0.4167  2.1375  1.0498  363.8  213.8   36.4
 58   19   0954 Mar 22  08:29:52   1831 -12935   P   -t  -0.4686  2.0404  0.9564  359.6  207.7    -  
 59   20   0972 Apr 01  15:26:56   1721 -12712   P   -t  -0.5277  1.9302  0.8499  354.4  199.6    -  
 60   21   0990 Apr 12  22:15:53   1617 -12489   P   -t  -0.5933  1.8081  0.7313  347.8  189.0    -  

 61   22   1008 Apr 23  04:57:48   1517 -12266   P   -t  -0.6646  1.6754  0.6021  339.7  175.1    -  
 62   23   1026 May 04  11:34:12   1422 -12043   P   -t  -0.7406  1.5344  0.4643  330.1  157.1    -  
 63   24   1044 May 14  18:04:40   1331 -11820   P   -t  -0.8213  1.3848  0.3177  318.4  132.7    -  
 64   25   1062 May 26  00:32:48   1245 -11597   P   -t  -0.9039  1.2319  0.1674  304.9   98.4    -  
 65   26   1080 Jun 05  06:58:39   1163 -11374   P   -t  -0.9885  1.0755  0.0133  289.1   28.3    -  
 66   27   1098 Jun 16  13:25:58   1086 -11151   N   -t  -1.0720  0.9213 -0.1390  271.4    -      -  
 67   28   1116 Jun 26  19:52:58   1013 -10928   N   -t  -1.1559  0.7667 -0.2921  250.9    -      -  
 68   29   1134 Jul 08  02:25:23    944 -10705   N   -t  -1.2357  0.6196 -0.4382  228.3    -      -  
 69   30   1152 Jul 18  09:01:03    880 -10482   N   -t  -1.3134  0.4768 -0.5803  202.6    -      -  
 70   31   1170 Jul 29  15:44:25    820 -10259   N   -t  -1.3850  0.3451 -0.7115  174.1    -      -  

 71   32   1188 Aug 08  22:33:11    763 -10036   N   -t  -1.4527  0.2210 -0.8357  140.5    -      -  
 72   33   1206 Aug 20  05:32:45    710  -9813   N   -t  -1.5124  0.1115 -0.9453  100.6    -      -  
 73   34   1224 Aug 30  12:40:13    660  -9590   Ne  -t  -1.5663  0.0127 -1.0445   34.1    -      -  


Footnotes

[1] The Moon's orbit is inclined about 5 degrees to Earth's orbit around the Sun. The points where the lunar orbit intersects the plane of Earth's orbit are known as the nodes. The Moon moves from south to north of Earth's orbit at the ascending node, and from north to south at the descending node.

[2]Greatest eclipse is defined as the instant when Moon passes closest to the axis of Earth's shadow.


Calendar

The Gregorian calendar is used for all dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates. The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions ). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..


Predictions

The coordinates of the Sun used in these predictions are based on the VSOP87 theory [Bretagnon and Francou, 1988]. The Moon's coordinates are based on the ELP-2000/82 theory [Chapront-Touze and Chapront, 1983]. For more information, see: Solar and Lunar Ephemerides. The revised value used for the Moon's secular acceleration is n-dot = -25.858 arc-sec/cy*cy, as deduced from the Apollo lunar laser ranging experiment (Chapront, Chapront-Touze, and Francou, 2002).

The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:

  1. pre-1950's: ΔT calculated from empirical fits to historical records derived by Morrison and Stephenson (2004)
  2. 1955-present: ΔT obtained from published observations
  3. future: ΔT is extrapolated from current values weighted by the long term trend from tidal effects

A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -1999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.


Acknowledgments

The Besselian elements used in the predictions were kindly provided by Jean Meeus. All eclipse calculations are by Fred Espenak, and he assumes full responsibility for their accuracy. Some of the information presented on this web site is based on data originally published in Five Millennium Canon of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 and Five Millennium Catalog of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000.

Permission is freely granted to reproduce this data when accompanied by an acknowledgment:

"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak and Jean Meeus (NASA's GSFC)"


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2009 Sep 29