Catalog of Lunar Eclipse Saros Series

Saros Series 89

The periodicity and recurrence of lunar (and solar) eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node[1] with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and at the same time of year. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 15 centuries and contains 70 or more lunar eclipses.

Lunar eclipses of Saros 89 all occur at the Moon’s descending node and the Moon moves northward with each eclipse. The series began with a penumbral eclipse near the southern edge of the penumbra on 0067 Jun 15. The series ended with a penumbral eclipse near the northern edge of the penumbra on 1347 Jul 23. The total duration of Saros series 89 is 1280.14 years. In summary:

                      First Eclipse =  0067 Jun 15   20:57:27 TD
                       Last Eclipse =  1347 Jul 23   02:19:29 TD

                      Duration of Saros  89  =  1280.14 Years

Saros 89 is composed of 72 lunar eclipses as follows:

Lunar Eclipses of Saros 89
Eclipse Type Symbol Number Percent
All Eclipses - 72100.0%
PenumbralN 19 26.4%
PartialP 38 52.8%
TotalT 15 20.8%

The 72 lunar eclipses in Saros 89 occur in the order of 11N 21P 15T 17P 8N which corresponds to:

                                    11  Penumbral
                                    21  Partial
                                    15  Total
                                    17  Partial
                                     8  Penumbral

The longest and shortest eclipses of Saros 89 are as follows.

            Longest  Total  Lunar Eclipse:    0734 Jul 20      Duration = 01h45m17s
           Shortest  Total  Lunar Eclipse:    0896 Oct 25      Duration = 00h09m04s

            Longest Partial Lunar Eclipse:    0914 Nov 05      Duration = 03h27m56s
           Shortest Partial Lunar Eclipse:    0265 Oct 12      Duration = 00h12m46s

          Longest Penumbral Lunar Eclipse:    1221 May 08      Duration = 04h44m41s
         Shortest Penumbral Lunar Eclipse:    1347 Jul 23      Duration = 00h31m01s

The largest and smallest magnitude partial eclipses of Saros 89 are:

            Largest Partial Lunar Eclipse:    0914 Nov 05      Magnitude = 0.9720
           Smallest Partial Lunar Eclipse:    0265 Oct 12      Magnitude = 0.0033

Local circumstances at greatest eclipse[2] for every lunar eclipse of Saros 89 are presented in the following catalog. For eclipses occurring between the years -1999 to +3000 (2000 BCE to 3000 CE), the sequence number in the first column links to a eclipse geometry diagram and a map from Five Millennium Canon of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000. A detailed key and additional information about the catalog can be found at: Key to Catalog of Lunar Eclipse Saros Series.



Catalog of Lunar Eclipses in Saros 89

                          TD of                                                          Phase
Seq. Rel.    Calendar   Greatest          Luna  Ecl.               Pen.    Um.    ---- Durations ---- 
Num. Num.      Date      Eclipse     ΔT    Num  Type QSE  Gamma    Mag.    Mag.    Pen.   Par.  Total
                                      s                                              m      m      m

 01  -37   0067 Jun 15  20:57:27   9867 -23903   Nb  a-  -1.5189  0.0432 -0.9019   55.6    -      -  
 02  -36   0085 Jun 26  04:21:20   9692 -23680   N   a-  -1.4500  0.1707 -0.7766  109.4    -      -  
 03  -35   0103 Jul 07  11:49:00   9519 -23457   N   a-  -1.3844  0.2925 -0.6578  141.9    -      -  
 04  -34   0121 Jul 17  19:19:08   9346 -23234   N   a-  -1.3213  0.4101 -0.5437  166.5    -      -  
 05  -33   0139 Jul 29  02:54:05   9174 -23011   N   a-  -1.2626  0.5199 -0.4379  186.1    -      -  
 06  -32   0157 Aug 08  10:34:05   9003 -22788   N   a-  -1.2082  0.6219 -0.3403  202.1    -      -  
 07  -31   0175 Aug 19  18:21:01   8832 -22565   N   a-  -1.1601  0.7127 -0.2544  215.0    -      -  
 08  -30   0193 Aug 30  02:14:16   8661 -22342   N   a-  -1.1176  0.7931 -0.1791  225.8    -      -  
 09  -29   0211 Sep 10  10:14:18   8490 -22119   N   a-  -1.0814  0.8623 -0.1153  234.5    -      -  
 10  -28   0229 Sep 20  18:21:52   8319 -21896   N   a-  -1.0522  0.9187 -0.0642  241.5    -      -  

 11  -27   0247 Oct 02  02:36:48   8147 -21673   N   a-  -1.0295  0.9631 -0.0253  247.0    -      -  
 12  -26   0265 Oct 12  10:58:04   7975 -21450   P   a-  -1.0125  0.9968  0.0033  251.3   12.8    -  
 13  -25   0283 Oct 23  19:26:01   7802 -21227   P   a-  -1.0017  1.0192  0.0207  254.5   32.2    -  
 14  -24   0301 Nov 03  03:58:53   7628 -21004   P   a-  -0.9953  1.0331  0.0301  256.7   38.9    -  
 15  -23   0319 Nov 14  12:36:16   7453 -20781   P   a-  -0.9934  1.0387  0.0315  258.2   39.9    -  
 16  -22   0337 Nov 24  21:14:46   7278 -20558   P   a-  -0.9930  1.0414  0.0306  259.4   39.4    -  
 17  -21   0355 Dec 06  05:55:51   7102 -20335   P   a-  -0.9951  1.0390  0.0251  260.0   35.8    -  
 18  -20   0373 Dec 16  14:35:11   6925 -20112   P   a-  -0.9961  1.0384  0.0220  260.8   33.6    -  
 19  -19   0391 Dec 27  23:13:03   6747 -19889   P   a-  -0.9968  1.0382  0.0198  261.7   32.0    -  
 20  -18   0410 Jan 07  07:45:13   6569 -19666   P   a-  -0.9934  1.0452  0.0254  263.2   36.3    -  

 21  -17   0428 Jan 18  16:13:16   6390 -19443   P   a-  -0.9874  1.0567  0.0359  265.2   43.2    -  
 22  -16   0446 Jan 29  00:33:14   6212 -19220   P   a-  -0.9752  1.0793  0.0578  268.2   54.8    -  
 23  -15   0464 Feb 09  08:45:14   6034 -18997   P   a-  -0.9576  1.1119  0.0900  272.1   68.4    -  
 24  -14   0482 Feb 19  16:47:26   5857 -18774   P   a-  -0.9326  1.1578  0.1357  277.2   83.7    -  
 25  -13   0500 Mar 02  00:40:27   5681 -18551   P   h-  -0.9011  1.2156  0.1934  283.2   99.4    -  
 26  -12   0518 Mar 13  08:23:11   5504 -18328   P   h-  -0.8620  1.2876  0.2652  290.1  115.5    -  
 27  -11   0536 Mar 23  15:55:39   5328 -18105   P   t-  -0.8153  1.3734  0.3508  297.7  131.7    -  
 28  -10   0554 Apr 03  23:18:17   5153 -17882   P   t-  -0.7612  1.4729  0.4498  305.8  147.3    -  
 29  -09   0572 Apr 14  06:32:05   4980 -17659   P   t-  -0.7009  1.5839  0.5601  314.1  162.1    -  
 30  -08   0590 Apr 25  13:36:38   4807 -17436   P   t-  -0.6336  1.7078  0.6829  322.4  176.1    -  

 31  -07   0608 May 05  20:34:34   4637 -17213   P   t-  -0.5617  1.8407  0.8142  330.3  188.6    -  
 32  -06   0626 May 17  03:25:41   4467 -16990   P   t-  -0.4850  1.9823  0.9539  337.8  199.8    -  
 33  -05   0644 May 27  10:13:17   4299 -16767   T   t-  -0.4060  2.1286  1.0977  344.5  209.3   48.9
 34  -04   0662 Jun 07  16:55:29   4133 -16544   T   pp  -0.3234  2.2816  1.2478  350.5  217.2   74.3
 35  -03   0680 Jun 17  23:37:13   3969 -16321   T-  pp  -0.2413  2.4340  1.3968  355.4  223.3   89.2
 36  -02   0698 Jun 29  06:17:01   3806 -16098   T-  pp  -0.1585  2.5877  1.5467  359.3  227.7   98.6
 37  -01   0716 Jul 09  12:59:00   3646 -15875   T-  pp  -0.0782  2.7372  1.6920  362.3  230.4  103.7
 38   00   0734 Jul 20  19:41:42   3488 -15652   T+  pp   0.0006  2.8821  1.8322  364.3  231.6  105.3
 39   01   0752 Jul 31  02:29:52   3333 -15429   T+  pp   0.0741  2.7497  1.6949  365.4  231.4  103.9
 40   02   0770 Aug 11  09:22:06   3180 -15206   T+  pp   0.1431  2.6256  1.5655  365.8  230.1   99.9


Catalog of Lunar Eclipses in Saros 89

                          TD of                                                          Phase
Seq. Rel.    Calendar   Greatest          Luna  Ecl.               Pen.    Um.    ---- Durations ---- 
Num. Num.      Date      Eclipse     ΔT    Num  Type QSE  Gamma    Mag.    Mag.    Pen.   Par.  Total
                                      s                                              m      m      m

 41   03   0788 Aug 21  16:20:45   3031 -14983   T+  pp   0.2061  2.5127  1.4473  365.6  227.8   93.6
 42   04   0806 Sep 01  23:26:04   2885 -14760   T+  -p   0.2630  2.4111  1.3402  365.0  224.9   85.3
 43   05   0824 Sep 12  06:39:37   2742 -14537   T   -p   0.3125  2.3230  1.2466  364.2  221.6   75.2
 44   06   0842 Sep 23  14:01:24   2603 -14314   T   -t   0.3546  2.2485  1.1669  363.3  218.3   63.7
 45   07   0860 Oct 03  21:30:19   2467 -14091   T   -t   0.3903  2.1855  1.0990  362.5  215.0   50.2
 46   08   0878 Oct 15  05:08:15   2335 -13868   T   -t   0.4180  2.1369  1.0457  361.8  212.2   34.7
 47   09   0896 Oct 25  12:52:55   2208 -13645   T   -t   0.4402  2.0984  1.0030  361.3  209.8    9.1
 48   10   0914 Nov 05  20:44:43   2085 -13422   P   -t   0.4561  2.0708  0.9720  361.0  207.9    -  
 49   11   0932 Nov 16  04:40:50   1966 -13199   P   -t   0.4684  2.0498  0.9481  360.8  206.5    -  
 50   12   0950 Nov 27  12:41:45   1851 -12976   P   -t   0.4766  2.0359  0.9321  360.8  205.5    -  

 51   13   0968 Dec 07  20:43:51   1741 -12753   P   -t   0.4836  2.0237  0.9185  360.7  204.6    -  
 52   14   0986 Dec 19  04:46:27   1636 -12530   P   -t   0.4900  2.0120  0.9064  360.4  203.9    -  
 53   15   1004 Dec 29  12:47:12   1535 -12307   P   -t   0.4980  1.9973  0.8920  360.0  202.9    -  
 54   16   1023 Jan 09  20:45:36   1439 -12084   P   -t   0.5079  1.9787  0.8744  359.1  201.6    -  
 55   17   1041 Jan 20  04:37:49   1347 -11861   P   -t   0.5226  1.9507  0.8483  357.8  199.5    -  
 56   18   1059 Jan 31  12:24:30   1260 -11638   P   -t   0.5417  1.9144  0.8144  355.8  196.7    -  
 57   19   1077 Feb 10  20:03:13   1178 -11415   P   -t   0.5673  1.8658  0.7690  353.1  192.7    -  
 58   20   1095 Feb 22  03:35:10   1100 -11192   P   -t   0.5987  1.8065  0.7131  349.6  187.3    -  
 59   21   1113 Mar 04  10:56:15   1026 -10969   P   -t   0.6388  1.7309  0.6414  344.9  179.7    -  
 60   22   1131 Mar 15  18:10:31    957 -10746   P   -t   0.6846  1.6449  0.5594  339.2  170.1    -  

 61   23   1149 Mar 26  01:14:23    892 -10523   P   -t   0.7387  1.5435  0.4622  331.9  156.9    -  
 62   24   1167 Apr 06  08:12:22    830 -10300   P   -t   0.7979  1.4327  0.3557  323.3  139.8    -  
 63   25   1185 Apr 16  15:00:13    773 -10077   P   -t   0.8654  1.3067  0.2338  312.4  115.3    -  
 64   26   1203 Apr 27  21:44:13    719  -9854   P   -t   0.9364  1.1745  0.1056  299.8   78.8    -  
 65   27   1221 May 08  04:20:55    669  -9631   Nx  -t   1.0129  1.0322 -0.0330  284.7    -      -  
 66   28   1239 May 19  10:55:10    622  -9408   N   -t   1.0917  0.8859 -0.1758  267.1    -      -  
 67   29   1257 May 29  17:25:28    579  -9185   N   -t   1.1736  0.7340 -0.3247  246.2    -      -  
 68   30   1275 Jun 09  23:56:24    538  -8962   N   -t   1.2550  0.5833 -0.4726  222.1    -      -  
 69   31   1293 Jun 20  06:27:25    500  -8739   N   -t   1.3364  0.4329 -0.6208  193.6    -      -  
 70   32   1311 Jul 01  13:00:36    464  -8516   N   -t   1.4161  0.2856 -0.7662  159.0    -      -  

 71   33   1329 Jul 11  19:37:15    430  -8293   N   -t   1.4929  0.1439 -0.9065  114.0    -      -  
 72   34   1347 Jul 23  02:19:29    399  -8070   Ne  -t   1.5654  0.0105 -1.0388   31.0    -      -  


Footnotes

[1] The Moon's orbit is inclined about 5 degrees to Earth's orbit around the Sun. The points where the lunar orbit intersects the plane of Earth's orbit are known as the nodes. The Moon moves from south to north of Earth's orbit at the ascending node, and from north to south at the descending node.

[2]Greatest eclipse is defined as the instant when Moon passes closest to the axis of Earth's shadow.


Calendar

The Gregorian calendar is used for all dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates. The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions ). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..


Predictions

The coordinates of the Sun used in these predictions are based on the VSOP87 theory [Bretagnon and Francou, 1988]. The Moon's coordinates are based on the ELP-2000/82 theory [Chapront-Touze and Chapront, 1983]. For more information, see: Solar and Lunar Ephemerides. The revised value used for the Moon's secular acceleration is n-dot = -25.858 arc-sec/cy*cy, as deduced from the Apollo lunar laser ranging experiment (Chapront, Chapront-Touze, and Francou, 2002).

The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:

  1. pre-1950's: ΔT calculated from empirical fits to historical records derived by Morrison and Stephenson (2004)
  2. 1955-present: ΔT obtained from published observations
  3. future: ΔT is extrapolated from current values weighted by the long term trend from tidal effects

A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -1999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.


Acknowledgments

The Besselian elements used in the predictions were kindly provided by Jean Meeus. All eclipse calculations are by Fred Espenak, and he assumes full responsibility for their accuracy. Some of the information presented on this web site is based on data originally published in Five Millennium Canon of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 and Five Millennium Catalog of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000.

Permission is freely granted to reproduce this data when accompanied by an acknowledgment:

"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak and Jean Meeus (NASA's GSFC)"


Return to: Catalog of Lunar Eclipse Saros Series

Return to: Five Millennium Catalog of Lunar Eclipses

2009 Sep 29