The periodicity and recurrence of solar (and lunar) eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node[1] with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and at the same time of year. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 13 centuries and contains 70 or more eclipses. Every saros series begins with a number of partial eclipses near one of Earth's polar regions. The series will then produce several dozen central[2] eclipses before ending with a group of partial eclipses near the opposite pole.
Solar eclipses of Saros 67 all occur at the Moon’s ascending node and the Moon moves southward with each eclipse. The series began with a partial eclipse in the northern hemisphere on -0709 Mar 04. The series ended with a partial eclipse in the southern hemisphere on 0571 Apr 10. The total duration of Saros series 67 is 1280.14 years. In summary:
First Eclipse = -0709 Mar 04 06:56:06 TD
Last Eclipse = 0571 Apr 10 08:43:42 TD
Duration of Saros 67 = 1280.14 Years
Saros 67 is composed of 72 solar eclipses as follows:
| Solar Eclipses of Saros 67 | |||
| Eclipse Type | Symbol | Number | Percent |
| All Eclipses | - | 72 | 100.0% |
| Partial | P | 31 | 43.1% |
| Annular | A | 34 | 47.2% |
| Total | T | 5 | 6.9% |
| Hybrid[3] | H | 2 | 2.8% |
Umbral eclipses (annular, total and hybrid) can be further classified as either: 1) Central (two limits), 2) Central (one limit) or 3) Non-Central (one limit). The statistical distribution of these classes in Saros series 67 appears in the following table.
| Umbral Eclipses of Saros 67 | ||
| Classification | Number | Percent |
| All Umbral Eclipses | 41 | 100.0% |
| Central (two limits) | 41 | 100.0% |
| Central (one limit) | 0 | 0.0% |
| Non-Central (one limit) | 0 | 0.0% |
The following string illustrates the sequence of the 72 eclipses in Saros 67: 9P 5T 2H 34A 22P
The longest and shortest eclipses of Saros 67 as well as other eclipse extrema are listed below.
Longest Total Solar Eclipse: -0529 Jun 20 Duration = 01m30s
Shortest Total Solar Eclipse: -0475 Jul 22 Duration = 01m00s
Longest Annular Solar Eclipse: 0120 Jul 13 Duration = 07m36s
Shortest Annular Solar Eclipse: -0421 Aug 24 Duration = 00m18s
Longest Hybrid Solar Eclipse: -0457 Aug 02 Duration = 00m39s
Shortest Hybrid Solar Eclipse: -0439 Aug 12 Duration = 00m13s
Largest Partial Solar Eclipse: -0565 May 29 Magnitude = 0.9676
Smallest Partial Solar Eclipse: 0571 Apr 10 Magnitude = 0.0441
Local circumstances at greatest eclipse[4] for every eclipse of Saros 67 are presented in the following catalog. The sequence number in the first column links to a global map showing regions of eclipse visibility. A detailed key and additional information about the catalog can be found at: Key to Catalog of Solar Eclipse Saros Series.
For an animation showing how the eclipse path changes with each member of the series, see Saros 067 Animation.
TD of
Seq. Rel. Calendar Greatest Luna Ecl. Ecl. Sun Sun Path Central
Num. Num. Date Eclipse ΔT Num. Type Gamma Mag. Lat. Long. Alt Azm Width Dur.
s ° ° ° ° km
01 -37 -0709 Mar 04 06:56:06 19713 -33504 Pb 1.5025 0.0612 61.3N 90.0E 0 110
02 -36 -0691 Mar 14 14:48:01 19418 -33281 P 1.4595 0.1422 61.0N 38.0W 0 101
03 -35 -0673 Mar 25 22:33:12 19114 -33058 P 1.4116 0.2327 60.8N 164.4W 0 92
04 -34 -0655 Apr 05 06:08:28 18815 -32835 P 1.3562 0.3377 60.9N 71.8E 0 84
05 -33 -0637 Apr 16 13:38:29 18521 -32612 P 1.2970 0.4499 61.0N 50.7W 0 75
06 -32 -0619 Apr 26 21:00:49 18231 -32389 P 1.2323 0.5722 61.4N 171.3W 0 66
07 -31 -0601 May 08 04:18:42 17946 -32166 P 1.1645 0.7000 61.8N 69.1E 0 57
08 -30 -0583 May 18 11:31:36 17665 -31943 P 1.0933 0.8334 62.4N 49.4W 0 48
09 -29 -0565 May 29 18:42:22 17389 -31720 P 1.0212 0.9676 63.1N 167.5W 0 39
10 -28 -0547 Jun 09 01:51:23 17117 -31497 T 0.9482 1.0266 76.4N 115.6E 18 69 292 01m28s
11 -27 -0529 Jun 20 08:59:47 16849 -31274 T 0.8754 1.0253 80.1N 56.8E 29 119 180 01m30s
12 -26 -0511 Jun 30 16:09:58 16585 -31051 T 0.8051 1.0223 77.0N 12.1W 36 160 129 01m26s
13 -25 -0493 Jul 11 23:22:27 16325 -30828 T 0.7375 1.0183 71.0N 103.7W 42 179 93 01m16s
14 -24 -0475 Jul 22 06:39:02 16069 -30605 T 0.6740 1.0136 64.3N 153.7E 47 188 64 01m00s
15 -23 -0457 Aug 02 14:00:01 15817 -30382 H 0.6149 1.0083 57.4N 45.5E 52 194 37 00m39s
16 -22 -0439 Aug 12 21:27:24 15569 -30159 H 0.5617 1.0026 50.4N 66.3W 56 197 11 00m13s
17 -21 -0421 Aug 24 05:01:15 15324 -29936 A 0.5151 0.9966 43.6N 178.9E 59 199 14 00m18s
18 -20 -0403 Sep 03 12:41:28 15083 -29713 A 0.4746 0.9905 37.0N 61.9E 61 200 38 00m54s
19 -19 -0385 Sep 14 20:29:28 14846 -29490 A 0.4414 0.9845 30.6N 57.4W 64 200 61 01m32s
20 -18 -0367 Sep 25 04:24:51 14612 -29267 A 0.4150 0.9786 24.6N 178.7W 65 200 83 02m14s
21 -17 -0349 Oct 06 12:27:26 14381 -29044 A 0.3955 0.9730 19.1N 58.2E 67 199 105 02m56s
22 -16 -0331 Oct 16 20:35:36 14153 -28821 A 0.3814 0.9677 14.0N 66.2W 67 197 125 03m40s
23 -15 -0313 Oct 28 04:49:09 13929 -28598 A 0.3727 0.9630 9.5N 168.3E 68 195 144 04m22s
24 -14 -0295 Nov 07 13:06:53 13707 -28375 A 0.3682 0.9587 5.7N 41.9E 68 192 161 05m03s
25 -13 -0277 Nov 18 21:26:20 13489 -28152 A 0.3658 0.9551 2.6N 84.8W 69 189 176 05m40s
26 -12 -0259 Nov 29 05:47:16 13273 -27929 A 0.3653 0.9521 0.2N 148.5E 69 185 188 06m12s
27 -11 -0241 Dec 10 14:06:33 13061 -27706 A 0.3639 0.9498 1.5S 22.2E 69 181 198 06m35s
28 -10 -0223 Dec 20 22:24:11 12851 -27483 A 0.3619 0.9481 2.5S 103.5W 69 176 205 06m50s
29 -09 -0204 Jan 01 06:35:33 12643 -27260 A 0.3552 0.9471 3.0S 132.5E 69 172 208 06m55s
30 -08 -0186 Jan 11 14:42:38 12438 -27037 A 0.3456 0.9465 2.8S 9.5E 70 167 209 06m51s
31 -07 -0168 Jan 22 22:41:06 12236 -26814 A 0.3291 0.9465 2.2S 111.2W 71 163 208 06m40s
32 -06 -0150 Feb 02 06:31:32 12036 -26591 A 0.3067 0.9469 1.1S 130.2E 72 159 204 06m25s
33 -05 -0132 Feb 13 14:11:16 11838 -26368 A 0.2761 0.9476 0.1N 14.4E 74 156 200 06m09s
34 -04 -0114 Feb 23 21:42:08 11642 -26145 A 0.2386 0.9485 1.6N 99.1W 76 154 194 05m53s
35 -03 -0096 Mar 06 05:02:17 11449 -25922 A 0.1928 0.9495 3.1N 150.3E 79 152 188 05m38s
36 -02 -0078 Mar 17 12:11:29 11257 -25699 A 0.1385 0.9506 4.5N 42.7E 82 151 183 05m27s
37 -01 -0060 Mar 27 19:10:48 11068 -25476 Am 0.0768 0.9515 5.6N 62.2W 86 151 178 05m21s
38 00 -0042 Apr 08 02:01:04 10880 -25253 A 0.0083 0.9522 6.4N 164.7W 89 154 175 05m19s
39 01 -0024 Apr 18 08:42:47 10694 -25030 A -0.0667 0.9527 6.6N 95.2E 86 333 173 05m22s
40 02 -0006 Apr 29 15:17:08 10510 -24807 A -0.1473 0.9528 6.0N 3.0W 82 335 174 05m32s
TD of
Seq. Rel. Calendar Greatest Luna Ecl. Ecl. Sun Sun Path Central
Num. Num. Date Eclipse ΔT Num. Type Gamma Mag. Lat. Long. Alt Azm Width Dur.
s ° ° ° ° km
41 03 0012 May 09 21:45:58 10327 -24584 A -0.2319 0.9525 4.5N 100.0W 77 338 178 05m48s
42 04 0030 May 21 04:10:57 10145 -24361 A -0.3188 0.9517 2.0N 163.7E 71 342 185 06m09s
43 05 0048 May 31 10:32:07 9966 -24138 A -0.4085 0.9506 1.6S 68.0E 66 346 198 06m33s
44 06 0066 Jun 11 16:53:07 9787 -23915 A -0.4979 0.9488 6.3S 28.2W 60 350 216 06m58s
45 07 0084 Jun 21 23:14:05 9610 -23692 A -0.5867 0.9466 12.1S 125.2W 54 354 242 07m19s
46 08 0102 Jul 03 05:38:53 9433 -23469 A -0.6720 0.9439 18.9S 135.9E 48 358 280 07m33s
47 09 0120 Jul 13 12:05:37 9258 -23246 A -0.7554 0.9407 26.9S 35.6E 41 2 336 07m36s
48 10 0138 Jul 24 18:39:58 9084 -23023 A -0.8320 0.9370 35.7S 68.0W 33 7 422 07m29s
49 11 0156 Aug 04 01:19:27 8911 -22800 A -0.9040 0.9328 46.1S 175.0W 25 14 588 07m11s
50 12 0174 Aug 15 08:08:21 8738 -22577 A -0.9681 0.9277 58.7S 70.2E 14 25 1115 06m42s
51 13 0192 Aug 25 15:04:06 8566 -22354 P -1.0264 0.9112 71.1S 64.9W 0 53
52 14 0210 Sep 05 22:11:04 8395 -22131 P -1.0756 0.8274 71.6S 174.0E 0 67
53 15 0228 Sep 16 05:26:27 8224 -21908 P -1.1176 0.7560 71.9S 50.3E 0 81
54 16 0246 Sep 27 12:51:42 8054 -21685 P -1.1517 0.6984 72.0S 75.9W 0 95
55 17 0264 Oct 07 20:25:53 7884 -21462 P -1.1786 0.6530 71.7S 155.6E 0 109
56 18 0282 Oct 19 04:09:45 7715 -21239 P -1.1981 0.6202 71.3S 25.1E 0 123
57 19 0300 Oct 29 12:00:54 7545 -21016 P -1.2118 0.5973 70.6S 106.8W 0 136
58 20 0318 Nov 09 19:58:19 7376 -20793 P -1.2209 0.5822 69.7S 120.4E 0 149
59 21 0336 Nov 20 04:00:39 7206 -20570 P -1.2263 0.5732 68.7S 13.0W 0 161
60 22 0354 Dec 01 12:07:06 7037 -20347 P -1.2292 0.5686 67.7S 146.8W 0 173
61 23 0372 Dec 11 20:14:00 6867 -20124 P -1.2320 0.5641 66.6S 79.9E 0 184
62 24 0390 Dec 23 04:21:36 6698 -19901 P -1.2349 0.5594 65.5S 53.1W 0 195
63 25 0409 Jan 02 12:26:14 6527 -19678 P -1.2407 0.5499 64.5S 175.1E 0 205
64 26 0427 Jan 13 20:28:41 6357 -19455 P -1.2488 0.5366 63.6S 44.2E 0 215
65 27 0445 Jan 24 04:24:13 6186 -19232 P -1.2630 0.5126 62.7S 84.6W 0 225
66 28 0463 Feb 04 12:15:23 6014 -19009 P -1.2813 0.4816 62.1S 147.8E 0 234
67 29 0481 Feb 14 19:58:22 5841 -18786 P -1.3068 0.4379 61.5S 22.5E 0 244
68 30 0499 Feb 26 03:34:26 5668 -18563 P -1.3382 0.3834 61.2S 101.0W 0 253
69 31 0517 Mar 08 11:01:54 5494 -18340 P -1.3770 0.3155 60.9S 137.7E 0 261
70 32 0535 Mar 19 18:22:57 5319 -18117 P -1.4213 0.2371 60.9S 18.0E 0 270
71 33 0553 Mar 30 01:36:53 5142 -17894 P -1.4721 0.1465 61.0S 99.9W 0 279
72 34 0571 Apr 10 08:43:42 4963 -17671 Pe -1.5289 0.0441 61.3S 143.8E 0 288
[1] The Moon's orbit is inclined about 5 degrees to Earth's orbit around the Sun. The points where the lunar orbit intersects the plane of Earth's orbit are known as the nodes. The Moon moves from south to north of Earth's orbit at the ascending node, and from north to south at the descending node.
[2]Central solar eclipses are eclipses in which the central axis of the Moon's shadow strikes the Earth's surface. All partial (penumbral) eclipses are non-central eclipses since the shadow axis misses Earth. However, umbral eclipses (total, annular and hybrid) may be either central (usually) or non-central (rarely).
[3]Hybrid eclipses are also known as annular/total eclipses. Such an eclipse is both total and annular along different sections of its umbral path. For more information, see Five Millennium Catalog of Hybrid Solar Eclipses .
[4]Greatest eclipse is defined as the instant when the axis of the Moon's shadow passes closest to the Earth's center. For total eclipses, the instant of greatest eclipse is virtually identical to the instants of greatest magnitude and greatest duration. However, for annular eclipses, the instant of greatest duration may occur at either the time of greatest eclipse or near the sunrise and sunset points of the eclipse path.
The Gregorian calendar is used for all dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates. The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions ). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..
The coordinates of the Sun used in these predictions are based on the VSOP87 theory [Bretagnon and Francou, 1988]. The Moon's coordinates are based on the ELP-2000/82 theory [Chapront-Touze and Chapront, 1983]. For more information, see: Solar and Lunar Ephemerides. The revised value used for the Moon's secular acceleration is n-dot = -25.858 arc-sec/cy*cy, as deduced from the Apollo lunar laser ranging experiment (Chapront, Chapront-Touze, and Francou, 2002).
The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:
A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -1999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.
Special thanks to Dan McGlaun for extracting the individual eclipse maps from the Five Millennium Canon of Solar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 for use in this catalog and for preparing the Saros series animations from these maps.
The Besselian elements used in the predictions were kindly provided by Jean Meeus. All eclipse calculations are by Fred Espenak, and he assumes full responsibility for their accuracy. Some of the information presented on this web site is based on data originally published in Five Millennium Canon of Solar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000
Permission is freely granted to reproduce this data when accompanied by an acknowledgment:
"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak and Jean Meeus (NASA's GSFC)"
