Saros Series Catalog of Solar Eclipses

Saros Series 80

Introduction

The periodicity and recurrence of solar eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node[1] with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and at the same time of year. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 13 centuries and contains 70 or more eclipses. Every saros series begins with a number of partial eclipses near one of Earth's polar regions. The series will then produce several dozen central[2] eclipses before ending with a group of partial eclipses near the opposite pole. For more information, see Periodicity of Solar Eclipses.


Statistics for Solar Eclipses of Saros 80

Solar eclipses of Saros 80 all occur at the Moon’s descending node and the Moon moves northward with each eclipse. The series began with a partial eclipse in the southern hemisphere on -0333 Jun 13. The series ended with a partial eclipse in the northern hemisphere on 0929 Jul 09. The total duration of Saros series 80 is 1262.11 years. In summary:

                      First Eclipse =  -0333 Jun 13   11:20:58 TD
                       Last Eclipse =   0929 Jul 09   09:02:03 TD

                      Duration of Saros  80  =  1262.11 Years

Saros 80 is composed of 71 solar eclipses as follows:

Solar Eclipses of Saros 80
Eclipse Type Symbol Number Percent
All Eclipses - 71100.0%
PartialP 15 21.1%
AnnularA 48 67.6%
TotalT 6 8.5%
Hybrid[3]H 2 2.8%

Umbral eclipses (annular, total and hybrid) can be further classified as either: 1) Central (two limits), 2) Central (one limit) or 3) Non-Central (one limit). The statistical distribution of these classes in Saros series 80 appears in the following table.

Umbral Eclipses of Saros 80
Classification Number Percent
All Umbral Eclipses 56100.0%
Central (two limits) 54 96.4%
Central (one limit) 1 1.8%
Non-Central (one limit) 1 1.8%

The following string illustrates the sequence of the 71 eclipses in Saros 80: 7P 48A 2H 6T 8P

The longest and shortest central eclipses of Saros 80 as well as largest and smallest partial eclipses are listed in the below.

Extreme Durations and Magnitudes of Solar Eclipses of Saros 80
Extrema Type Date Duration Magnitude
Longest Annular Solar Eclipse -0081 Nov 1107m12s -
Shortest Annular Solar Eclipse 0641 Jan 1700m17s -
Longest Total Solar Eclipse 0767 Apr 0301m55s -
Shortest Total Solar Eclipse 0695 Feb 1901m05s -
Longest Hybrid Solar Eclipse 0677 Feb 0700m40s -
Shortest Hybrid Solar Eclipse 0659 Jan 2800m12s -
Largest Partial Solar Eclipse 0803 Apr 25 - 0.90742
Smallest Partial Solar Eclipse 0929 Jul 09 - 0.00490

Description of the Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 80

The catalog below lists concise details and local circumstances at greatest eclipse[5] for every solar eclipse in Saros 80. A description or explanation of each parameter listed in the catalog can be found in Key to Catalog of Solar Eclipse Saros Series.

Several fields in the catalog link to web pages or files containing additional information for each eclipse (for the years -1999 through +3000). The following gives a brief explanation of each link.


For an animation showing how the eclipse path changes with each member of the series, see Animation of Saros 80.



Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 80

                         TD of
 Seq. Rel.   Calendar   Greatest          Luna  Ecl.           Ecl.                Sun Path  Central
 Num. Num.     Date      Eclipse     ΔT   Num.  Type  Gamma    Mag.    Lat   Long  Alt Width   Dur.
                                      s                                 °      °     °    km

03985 -33 -0333 Jun 13  11:20:58  14463 -28850   Pb  -1.4808  0.1318  67.0S  70.1E   0             
04026 -32 -0315 Jun 23  17:55:20  14211 -28627   P   -1.4037  0.2677  66.0S  40.2W   0             
04067 -31 -0297 Jul 05  00:30:09  13965 -28404   P   -1.3270  0.4017  65.0S 150.2W   0             
04107 -30 -0279 Jul 15  07:09:25  13724 -28181   P   -1.2541  0.5282  64.1S  99.1E   0             
04147 -29 -0261 Jul 26  13:52:50  13488 -27958   P   -1.1846  0.6477  63.2S  12.3W   0             
04188 -28 -0243 Aug 05  20:41:50  13257 -27735   P   -1.1196  0.7583  62.5S 124.7W   0             
04229 -27 -0225 Aug 17  03:38:08  13031 -27512   P   -1.0606  0.8575  61.8S 121.2E   0             
04270 -26 -0207 Aug 27  10:42:23  12809 -27289   A-  -1.0082  0.9449  61.3S   5.3E   0             
04311 -25 -0189 Sep 07  17:55:21  12592 -27066   A   -0.9629  0.9257  54.1S  87.3W  15 1028  06m21s
04353 -24 -0171 Sep 18  01:16:16  12378 -26843   A   -0.9241  0.9233  51.8S 164.7E  22  739  06m40s

04397 -23 -0153 Sep 29  08:46:34  12169 -26620   A   -0.8929  0.9205  52.1S  51.8E  26  651  06m53s
04439 -22 -0135 Oct 09  16:24:33  11963 -26397   A   -0.8680  0.9177  53.7S  63.8W  29  614  07m02s
04482 -21 -0117 Oct 21  00:09:43  11761 -26174   A   -0.8491  0.9153  56.4S 178.5E  32  599  07m08s
04525 -20 -0099 Oct 31  08:01:17  11563 -25951   A   -0.8354  0.9132  59.8S  59.2E  33  594  07m11s
04568 -19 -0081 Nov 11  15:58:12  11368 -25728   A   -0.8266  0.9117  63.7S  60.8W  34  595  07m12s
04613 -18 -0063 Nov 21  23:58:15  11175 -25505   A   -0.8201  0.9108  67.8S 179.9E  35  595  07m12s
04658 -17 -0045 Dec 03  07:59:17  10986 -25282   A   -0.8143  0.9105  71.7S  63.3E  35  592  07m10s
04704 -16 -0027 Dec 13  16:00:18  10799 -25059   A   -0.8087  0.9109  74.9S  48.1W  36  583  07m08s
04751 -15 -0009 Dec 24  23:59:49  10615 -24836   A   -0.8021  0.9119  76.6S 152.8W  36  568  07m05s
04796 -14  0010 Jan 04  07:54:31  10433 -24613   A   -0.7914  0.9138  75.7S 106.1E  37  542  07m03s

04842 -13  0028 Jan 15  15:44:31  10254 -24390   A   -0.7769  0.9162  72.5S   0.9E  39  509  07m01s
04888 -12  0046 Jan 25  23:27:16  10076 -24167   A   -0.7561  0.9194  67.6S 109.2W  41  469  06m59s
04932 -11  0064 Feb 06  07:03:55   9899 -23944   A   -0.7300  0.9230  61.7S 137.8E  43  426  06m57s
04976 -10  0082 Feb 16  14:30:25   9725 -23721   A   -0.6954  0.9272  55.0S  24.7E  46  380  06m55s
05021 -09  0100 Feb 27  21:50:10   9551 -23498   A   -0.6548  0.9316  47.8S  88.1W  49  336  06m52s
05065 -08  0118 Mar 10  04:59:55   9378 -23275   A   -0.6055  0.9363  40.1S 160.9E  53  295  06m47s
05109 -07  0136 Mar 20  12:02:35   9206 -23052   A   -0.5499  0.9411  32.2S  51.3E  56  259  06m38s
05153 -06  0154 Mar 31  18:56:08   9035 -22829   A   -0.4860  0.9460  24.0S  56.0W  61  226  06m25s
05195 -05  0172 Apr 11  01:44:29   8864 -22606   A   -0.4172  0.9506  15.8S 162.0W  65  198  06m07s
05236 -04  0190 Apr 22  08:26:19   8693 -22383   A   -0.3424  0.9551   7.7S  94.0E  70  174  05m44s

05277 -03  0208 May 02  15:03:13   8522 -22160   A   -0.2628  0.9593   0.4N   8.4W  75  153  05m17s
05318 -02  0226 May 13  21:37:07   8351 -21937   A   -0.1799  0.9631   8.1N 109.4W  80  136  04m47s
05359 -01  0244 May 24  04:09:35   8179 -21714   A   -0.0948  0.9665  15.4N 150.6E  85  121  04m16s
05400  00  0262 Jun 04  10:42:17   8007 -21491   A   -0.0093  0.9694  22.1N  51.4E  90  110  03m45s
05440  01  0280 Jun 14  17:15:49   7834 -21268   A    0.0764  0.9718  28.0N  47.0W  85  102  03m18s
05480  02  0298 Jun 25  23:53:31   7660 -21045   Am   0.1595  0.9736  32.9N 145.4W  81   96  02m55s
05519  03  0316 Jul 06  06:35:51   7486 -20822   A    0.2400  0.9750  36.7N 115.9E  76   92  02m37s
05559  04  0334 Jul 17  13:23:32   7311 -20599   A    0.3168  0.9759  39.4N  16.7E  71   91  02m23s
05599  05  0352 Jul 27  20:18:57   7135 -20376   A    0.3881  0.9763  40.7N  84.2W  67   91  02m15s
05639  06  0370 Aug 08  03:22:48   6958 -20153   A    0.4533  0.9765  41.0N 172.6E  63   94  02m09s


Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 80

                         TD of
 Seq. Rel.   Calendar   Greatest          Luna  Ecl.           Ecl.                Sun Path  Central
 Num. Num.     Date      Eclipse     ΔT   Num.  Type  Gamma    Mag.    Lat   Long  Alt Width   Dur.
                                      s                                 °      °     °    km

05681  07  0388 Aug 18  10:36:49   6780 -19930   A    0.5112  0.9763  40.3N  66.3E  59   98  02m08s
05722  08  0406 Aug 29  17:59:08   6602 -19707   A    0.5632  0.9759  39.0N  42.9W  56  103  02m08s
05763  09  0424 Sep 09  01:33:22   6424 -19484   A    0.6062  0.9755  37.1N 156.0W  52  108  02m10s
05804  10  0442 Sep 20  09:16:50   6245 -19261   A    0.6424  0.9751  35.0N  87.6E  50  114  02m14s
05845  11  0460 Sep 30  17:11:26   6067 -19038   A    0.6702  0.9749  32.8N  32.4W  48  118  02m18s
05888  12  0478 Oct 12  01:13:46   5890 -18815   A    0.6924  0.9748  30.7N 154.9W  46  121  02m21s
05931  13  0496 Oct 22  09:26:26   5714 -18592   A    0.7070  0.9752  28.5N  79.5E  45  122  02m23s
05975  14  0514 Nov 02  17:45:19   5537 -18369   A    0.7173  0.9760  26.7N  48.1W  44  120  02m23s
06019  15  0532 Nov 13  02:11:04   5360 -18146   A    0.7224  0.9774  25.0N 177.6W  44  115  02m19s
06065  16  0550 Nov 24  10:41:00   5185 -17923   A    0.7249  0.9793  23.7N  51.8E  43  106  02m11s

06111  17  0568 Dec 04  19:15:00   5012 -17700   A    0.7245  0.9818  22.9N  79.9W  43   93  01m57s
06158  18  0586 Dec 16  03:49:22   4839 -17477   A    0.7247  0.9848  22.7N 148.3E  43   78  01m38s
06203  19  0604 Dec 26  12:23:39   4668 -17254   A    0.7257  0.9884  23.3N  16.6E  43   59  01m14s
06248  20  0623 Jan 06  20:55:51   4499 -17031   A    0.7292  0.9926  24.7N 114.7W  43   38  00m47s
06293  21  0641 Jan 17  05:25:38   4330 -16808   A    0.7350  0.9972  27.0N 114.5E  42   15  00m17s
06339  22  0659 Jan 28  13:49:17   4164 -16585   H    0.7468  1.0021  30.3N  15.0W  41   11  00m12s
06385  23  0677 Feb 07  22:08:16   3999 -16362   H    0.7632  1.0073  34.4N 143.7W  40   39  00m40s
06429  24  0695 Feb 19  06:19:39   3836 -16139   T    0.7865  1.0126  39.6N  88.8E  38   70  01m05s
06472  25  0713 Mar 01  14:25:35   3676 -15916   T    0.8151  1.0179  45.7N  38.0W  35  105  01m27s
06515  26  0731 Mar 12  22:22:19   3517 -15693   T    0.8516  1.0229  52.7N 164.2W  31  148  01m43s

06557  27  0749 Mar 23  06:13:53   3362 -15470   T    0.8932  1.0275  60.6N  68.0E  26  208  01m53s
06599  28  0767 Apr 03  13:57:12   3209 -15247   T    0.9422  1.0311  69.2N  67.0W  19  319  01m55s
06640  29  0785 Apr 13  21:35:47   3059 -15024   Tn   0.9956  1.0317  72.8N 113.4E   3   -   01m40s
06681  30  0803 Apr 25  05:07:36   2912 -14801   P    1.0553  0.9074  70.5N  21.3W   0             
06722  31  0821 May 05  12:36:38   2768 -14578   P    1.1177  0.7903  69.7N 146.6W   0             
06762  32  0839 May 16  20:01:39   2628 -14355   P    1.1841  0.6646  68.7N  89.6E   0             
06802  33  0857 May 27  03:24:35   2492 -14132   P    1.2525  0.5338  67.8N  33.1W   0             
06842  34  0875 Jun 07  10:46:55   2360 -13909   P    1.3221  0.4002  66.8N 155.1W   0             
06882  35  0893 Jun 17  18:09:48   2231 -13686   P    1.3917  0.2658  65.8N  83.2E   0             
06922  36  0911 Jun 29  01:34:54   2107 -13463   P    1.4599  0.1340  64.9N  38.6W   0             

06962  37  0929 Jul 09  09:02:03   1988 -13240   Pe   1.5267  0.0049  64.0N 160.7W   0             


Calendar

The Gregorian calendar is used for all dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates. The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions ). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..


Predictions

The coordinates of the Sun used in these predictions are based on the VSOP87 theory [Bretagnon and Francou, 1988]. The Moon's coordinates are based on the ELP-2000/82 theory [Chapront-Touze and Chapront, 1983]. For more information, see: Solar and Lunar Ephemerides. The revised value used for the Moon's secular acceleration is n-dot = -25.858 arc-sec/cy*cy, as deduced from the Apollo lunar laser ranging experiment (Chapront, Chapront-Touze, and Francou, 2002).

The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:

  1. pre-1950's: ΔT calculated from empirical fits to historical records derived by Morrison and Stephenson (2004)
  2. 1955-present: ΔT obtained from published observations
  3. future: ΔT is extrapolated from current values weighted by the long term trend from tidal effects

A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -1999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.


Footnotes

[1] The Moon's orbit is inclined about 5 degrees to Earth's orbit around the Sun. The points where the lunar orbit intersects the plane of Earth's orbit are known as the nodes. The Moon moves from south to north of Earth's orbit at the ascending node, and from north to south at the descending node.

[2]Central solar eclipses are eclipses in which the central axis of the Moon's shadow strikes the Earth's surface. All partial (penumbral) eclipses are non-central eclipses since the shadow axis misses Earth. However, umbral eclipses (total, annular and hybrid) may be either central (usually) or non-central (rarely).

[3]Hybrid eclipses are also known as annular/total eclipses. Such an eclipse is both total and annular along different sections of its umbral path. For more information, see Five Millennium Catalog of Hybrid Solar Eclipses .

[4]Greatest eclipse is defined as the instant when the axis of the Moon's shadow passes closest to Earth's center. For total eclipses, the instant of greatest eclipse is nearly equal to the instants of greatest magnitude and greatest duration. However, for annular eclipses, the instant of greatest duration may occur at either the time of greatest eclipse or near the sunrise and sunset points of the eclipse path.


Acknowledgments

The information presented on this web page is based on data published in Five Millennium Canon of Solar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 and Five Millennium Catalog of Solar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000. The individual global maps appearing in links (both GIF an animation) were extracted from full page plates appearing in Five Millennium Canon by Dan McGlaun. The Besselian elements were provided by Jean Meeus. Fred Espenak assumes full responsibility for the accuracy of all eclipse calculations.

Permission is freely granted to reproduce this data when accompanied by an acknowledgment:

"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak (NASA's GSFC)"


Return to:

Saros Series Catalog of Solar Eclipses

Periodicity of Solar Eclipses

Five Millennium Catalog of Solar Eclipses

2009 Sep 26