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The periodicity and recurrence of eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). It was known to the Chaldeans as a period when lunar eclipses seem to repeat themselves, but the cycle is applicable to solar eclipses as well.
Every saros series begins with a number of partial eclipses near the north or south polar regions. The series will then produce several dozen central1 eclipses before ending with a group of partial eclipses near the opposite pole. Odd numbered Saros series occur at the ascending node2 of the Moon's orbit. They begin with a partial eclipse at high northern latitudes. Even numbered Saros series occur at the descending node2 of the Moon's orbit and start with a partial eclipse at high southern latitudes.
Detailed information for solar eclipse Saros series 1 to 180 are presented in the following tables. The number of eclipses are listed along with the length (in years) of the series. Next, the dates of the first and last eclipses in the series are given. Finally, the exact sequence of eclipses in the Saros series is tabulated. The number and type of eclipses varies from one Saros seris to the next as reflected in the sequence diversity. The abbreviations used in the sequence are as follows:
P = Partial Eclipse.
A = Annular Eclipse.
T = Total Eclipse.
H = Hybrid3 Eclipse.
For Saros series 117 through 156 (those series currently in progress), links are provided which local circumstances at greatest eclipse for all eclipses in each series. The Saros series number links to each table of complete details for the corresponding series.
1Central solar eclipses are eclipses in which the central axis of the Moon's shadow strikes the Earth's surface. All partial (penumbral) eclipses are non-central eclipses since the shadow axis misses Earth. However, umbral eclipses (total, annular and hybrid) may be either central (usually) or non-central (rarely).
2The Moon's orbit is inclined about 5 degrees to Earth's orbit around the Sun. The points where the lunar orbit intersects the plane of Earth's orbit are known as the nodes. The Moon moves from south to north of Earth's orbit at the ascending node, and from north to south at the descending node. of the Moon's shadow strikes the Earth's surface. All partial (penumbral) eclipses are non-central eclipses since the shadow axis misses Earth. However, umbral eclipses (total, annular and hybrid) may be either central (usually) or non-central (rarely).
3Hybrid eclipses are also known as annular/total eclipses. Such an eclipse is both total and annular along different sections of its umbral path. For more information, see Five Millennium Catalog of Hybrid Solar Eclipses .
Statistics for Saros Series 1 to 50
Saros Number of Length First Last Eclipse
Series Eclipses (Years) Eclipse Eclipse Sequence
1 72 1280.1 -2872 Jun 04 -1592 Jul 11 9P 39A 5H 12T 7P
2 73 1298.1 -2861 May 04 -1563 Jun 21 8P 43T 12H 3A 7P
3 72 1280.1 -2814 Apr 24 -1534 Jun 01 7P 6T 2H 50A 7P
4 72 1280.1 -2731 May 06 -1451 Jun 13 7P 30A 16H 11T 8P
5 73 1298.1 -2720 Apr 04 -1422 May 24 7P 44T 4H 11A 7P
6 73 1298.1 -2691 Mar 16 -1393 May 03 8P 7T 2H 47A 9P
7 72 1280.1 -2590 Apr 08 -1310 May 16 6P 30A 6H 21T 9P
8 73 1298.1 -2579 Mar 07 -1281 Apr 26 7P 45T 1H 10A 10P
9 74 1316.2 -2568 Feb 06 -1252 Apr 04 9P 8T 3H 32A 22P
10 73 1298.1 -2467 Feb 28 -1169 Apr 18 7P 31A 3H 9T 23P
11 76 1352.2 -2511 Dec 26 -1158 Mar 18 11P 44T 21P
12 87 1550.5 -2680 Aug 08 -1129 Feb 25 23P 9T 3H 30A 22P
13 85 1514.5 -2561 Sep 12 -1046 Mar 09 20P 31A 3H 8T 23P
14 86 1532.5 -2568 Jul 31 -1035 Feb 06 22P 43T 21P
15 75 1334.2 -2557 Jul 01 -1223 Sep 08 24P 10T 3H 29A 9P
16 85 1514.5 -2456 Jul 23 -0941 Jan 18 22P 33A 2H 7T 21P
17 74 1316.2 -2427 Jul 03 -1111 Sep 01 21P 44T 9P
18 73 1298.1 -2416 Jun 02 -1118 Jul 21 22P 13T 3H 28A 7P
19 73 1298.1 -2333 Jun 15 -1035 Aug 01 21P 36A 2H 6T 8P
20 72 1280.1 -2286 Jun 05 -1006 Jul 13 8P 12A 2H 43T 7P
21 72 1280.1 -2275 May 05 -0995 Jun 11 8P 26T 4H 28A 6P
22 72 1280.1 -2192 May 17 -0912 Jun 23 9P 49A 2H 4T 8P
23 72 1280.1 -2145 May 07 -0865 Jun 15 6P 14A 3H 42T 7P
24 72 1280.1 -2134 Apr 06 -0854 May 14 8P 15T 16H 26A 7P
25 72 1280.1 -2051 Apr 19 -0771 May 26 7P 53A 1H 2T 9P
26 73 1298.1 -2022 Mar 29 -0724 May 17 7P 11A 7H 40T 8P
27 72 1280.1 -1993 Mar 09 -0713 Apr 16 8P 14T 15H 19A 16P
28 72 1280.1 -1910 Mar 22 -0630 Apr 28 7P 42A 23P
29 73 1298.1 -1881 Mar 01 -0583 Apr 19 7P 3A 14H 28T 21P
30 84 1496.5 -2069 Oct 02 -0572 Mar 18 20P 14T 5H 24A 21P
31 74 1316.2 -1805 Jan 31 -0489 Mar 31 9P 41A 24P
32 84 1496.5 -1957 Sep 24 -0460 Mar 10 19P 2A 3H 38T 22P
33 84 1496.5 -1982 Aug 02 -0485 Jan 17 22P 16T 4H 23A 19P
34 86 1532.5 -1917 Aug 04 -0384 Feb 09 23P 40A 23P
35 84 1496.5 -1870 Jul 25 -0373 Jan 09 22P 3A 2H 38T 19P
36 73 1298.1 -1859 Jun 23 -0561 Aug 11 22P 18T 3H 23A 7P
37 73 1298.1 -1794 Jun 25 -0496 Aug 12 24P 40A 9P
38 73 1298.1 -1729 Jun 26 -0431 Aug 14 17P 8A 2H 38T 8P
39 72 1280.1 -1718 May 26 -0438 Jul 03 9P 32T 3H 22A 6P
40 72 1280.1 -1653 May 28 -0373 Jul 04 11P 53A 8P
41 72 1280.1 -1588 May 28 -0308 Jul 05 7P 19A 2H 37T 7P
42 72 1280.1 -1577 Apr 28 -0297 Jun 05 7P 35T 3H 21A 6P
43 72 1280.1 -1512 Apr 29 -0232 Jun 05 8P 55A 9P
44 72 1280.1 -1447 Apr 30 -0167 Jun 07 6P 21A 2H 35T 8P
45 72 1280.1 -1436 Mar 30 -0156 May 07 7P 36T 3H 18A 8P
46 72 1280.1 -1371 Apr 01 -0091 May 08 8P 43A 21P
47 72 1280.1 -1306 Apr 02 -0026 May 10 6P 21A 3H 30T 12P
48 74 1316.2 -1331 Feb 08 -0015 Apr 09 9P 37T 2H 6A 20P
49 72 1280.1 -1248 Feb 22 0032 Mar 29 9P 40A 23P
50 73 1298.1 -1201 Feb 11 0097 Apr 01 8P 22A 3H 18T 22P
Statistics for Saros Series 51 to 100
Saros Number of Length First Last Eclipse
Series Eclipses (Years) Eclipse Eclipse Sequence
51 85 1514.5 -1407 Sep 02 0108 Feb 29 21P 37T 3H 3A 21P
52 86 1532.5 -1378 Aug 14 0155 Feb 19 24P 40A 22P
53 85 1514.5 -1295 Aug 26 0220 Feb 21 21P 22A 4H 16T 22P
54 74 1316.2 -1284 Jul 25 0032 Sep 23 21P 26T 15H 3A 9P
55 73 1298.1 -1255 Jul 06 0043 Aug 23 24P 41A 8P
56 74 1316.2 -1172 Jul 17 0144 Sep 15 21P 13A 15H 15T 10P
57 73 1298.1 -1161 Jun 17 0137 Aug 04 13P 34T 13H 6A 7P
58 72 1280.1 -1114 Jun 07 0166 Jul 14 20P 44A 8P
59 72 1280.1 -1031 Jun 19 0249 Jul 27 9P 23A 16H 16T 8P
60 72 1280.1 -1020 May 18 0260 Jun 26 8P 40T 4H 14A 6P
61 71 1262.1 -0973 May 10 0289 Jun 05 8P 3T 1H 52A 7P
62 71 1262.1 -0890 May 22 0372 Jun 17 7P 25A 5H 27T 7P
63 72 1280.1 -0879 Apr 20 0401 May 29 7P 42T 2H 14A 7P
64 71 1262.1 -0832 Apr 11 0430 May 08 8P 4T 2H 46A 11P
65 71 1262.1 -0749 Apr 24 0513 May 20 6P 27A 4H 25T 9P
66 73 1298.1 -0756 Mar 12 0542 May 01 8P 43T 1H 3A 18P
67 73 1298.1 -0727 Feb 20 0571 Apr 10 10P 5T 2H 34A 22P
68 72 1280.1 -0626 Mar 16 0654 Apr 22 7P 28A 3H 11T 23P
69 79 1406.3 -0742 Nov 28 0665 Mar 22 15P 43T 21P
70 84 1496.5 -0821 Sep 05 0676 Feb 19 23P 5T 3H 32A 21P
71 83 1478.4 -0702 Oct 08 0777 Mar 14 19P 29A 3H 9T 23P
72 83 1478.4 -0727 Aug 16 0752 Jan 21 22P 43T 18P
73 73 1298.1 -0716 Jul 16 0582 Sep 03 24P 7T 3H 31A 8P
74 75 1334.2 -0615 Aug 08 0719 Oct 18 21P 31A 3H 8T 12P
75 73 1298.1 -0604 Jul 07 0694 Aug 26 21P 44T 8P
76 72 1280.1 -0575 Jun 18 0705 Jul 25 22P 8T 5H 30A 7P
77 71 1262.1 -0474 Jul 11 0788 Aug 06 18P 36A 2H 7T 8P
78 72 1280.1 -0463 Jun 09 0817 Jul 18 8P 10A 2H 45T 7P
79 71 1262.1 -0434 May 21 0828 Jun 16 8P 11T 16H 30A 6P
80 71 1262.1 -0333 Jun 13 0929 Jul 09 7P 48A 2H 6T 8P
81 72 1280.1 -0322 May 12 0958 Jun 19 7P 5A 9H 44T 7P
82 71 1262.1 -0293 Apr 22 0969 May 19 8P 11T 5H 39A 8P
83 71 1262.1 -0210 May 05 1052 May 30 7P 51A 1H 2T 10P
84 72 1280.1 -0181 Apr 14 1099 May 22 7P 1A 11H 43T 10P
85 72 1280.1 -0170 Mar 14 1110 Apr 20 8P 12T 4H 29A 19P
86 71 1262.1 -0069 Apr 06 1193 May 02 7P 41A 23P
87 73 1298.1 -0076 Feb 23 1222 Apr 13 9P 2H 42T 20P
88 83 1478.4 -0246 Oct 06 1233 Mar 12 20P 13T 4H 26A 20P
89 73 1298.1 0018 Feb 04 1316 Mar 24 10P 40A 23P
90 83 1478.4 -0134 Sep 28 1345 Mar 04 20P 2H 40T 21P
91 75 1334.2 -0159 Aug 06 1175 Oct 16 23P 14T 3H 25A 10P
92 74 1316.2 -0076 Aug 19 1240 Oct 16 23P 40A 11P
93 74 1316.2 -0029 Aug 09 1287 Oct 08 20P 3A 1H 40T 10P
94 72 1280.1 -0018 Jul 09 1262 Aug 16 21P 18T 2H 24A 7P
95 71 1262.1 0047 Jul 11 1309 Aug 06 22P 41A 8P
96 72 1280.1 0094 Jul 01 1374 Aug 08 10P 14A 2H 39T 7P
97 71 1262.1 0123 Jun 11 1385 Jul 08 8P 32T 2H 23A 6P
98 71 1262.1 0188 Jun 12 1450 Jul 09 9P 54A 8P
99 72 1280.1 0235 Jun 03 1515 Jul 11 7P 18A 2H 37T 8P
100 71 1262.1 0264 May 13 1526 Jun 10 7P 34T 2H 21A 7P
Statistics for Saros Series 101 to 150
Saros Number of Length First Last Eclipse
Series Eclipses (Years) Eclipse Eclipse Sequence
101 71 1262.1 0329 May 15 1591 Jun 21 8P 53A 10P
102 71 1262.1 0376 May 05 1638 Jun 12 7P 19A 3H 34T 8P
103 72 1280.1 0387 Apr 04 1667 May 22 8P 34T 3H 13A 14P
104 70 1244.0 0470 Apr 17 1714 May 13 7P 41A 22P
105 72 1280.1 0499 Mar 27 1779 May 16 7P 20A 4H 21T 20P
106 75 1334.2 0456 Jan 23 1790 Apr 14 11P 35T 4H 5A 20P
107 72 1280.1 0557 Feb 15 1837 Apr 05 10P 40A 22P
108 76 1352.2 0550 Jan 04 1902 Apr 08 12P 20A 5H 18T 21P
109 81 1442.4 0416 Sep 07 1859 Feb 03 21P 24T 15H 4A 17P
110 72 1280.1 0463 Aug 30 1743 Oct 17 23P 39A 10P
111 79 1406.3 0528 Aug 30 1935 Jan 05 21P 11A 14H 17T 16P
112 72 1280.1 0539 Jul 31 1819 Sep 19 21P 24T 14H 5A 8P
113 71 1262.1 0586 Jul 22 1848 Aug 28 23P 40A 8P
114 72 1280.1 0651 Jul 23 1931 Sep 12 18P 13A 16H 17T 8P
115 72 1280.1 0662 Jun 21 1942 Aug 12 10P 37T 4H 14A 7P
116 70 1244.0 0727 Jun 23 1971 Jul 22 10P 53A 7P
117 71 1262.1 0792 Jun 24 2054 Aug 03 8P 23A 5H 28T 7P
118 72 1280.1 0803 May 24 2083 Jul 15 8P 40T 2H 15A 7P
119 71 1262.1 0850 May 15 2112 Jun 24 8P 2T 1H 51A 9P
120 71 1262.1 0933 May 27 2195 Jul 07 7P 25A 4H 26T 9P
121 71 1262.1 0944 Apr 25 2206 Jun 07 7P 42T 2H 11A 9P
122 70 1244.0 0991 Apr 17 2235 May 17 8P 3T 2H 37A 20P
123 70 1244.0 1074 Apr 29 2318 May 31 6P 27A 3H 14T 20P
124 73 1298.1 1049 Mar 06 2347 May 11 9P 43T 1H 20P
125 73 1298.1 1060 Feb 04 2358 Apr 09 12P 4T 2H 34A 21P
126 72 1280.1 1179 Mar 10 2459 May 03 8P 28A 3H 10T 23P
127 82 1460.4 0991 Oct 10 2452 Mar 21 20P 42T 20P
128 73 1298.1 0984 Aug 29 2282 Nov 01 24P 4T 4H 32A 9P
129 80 1424.3 1103 Oct 03 2528 Feb 21 20P 29A 3H 9T 19P
130 73 1298.1 1096 Aug 20 2394 Oct 25 21P 43T 9P
131 71 1262.1 1107 Jul 21 2369 Sep 02 23P 6T 5H 30A 7P
132 71 1262.1 1208 Aug 13 2470 Sep 25 20P 33A 2H 7T 9P
133 72 1280.1 1219 Jul 13 2499 Sep 05 12P 6A 1H 46T 7P
134 71 1262.1 1248 Jun 22 2510 Aug 06 10P 8T 16H 30A 7P
135 71 1262.1 1331 Jul 05 2593 Aug 17 10P 45A 2H 6T 8P
136 71 1262.1 1360 Jun 14 2622 Jul 30 8P 6A 6H 44T 7P
137 70 1244.0 1389 May 25 2633 Jun 28 8P 10T 6H 4A 3H 32A 7P
138 70 1244.0 1472 Jun 06 2716 Jul 11 7P 50A 1H 3T 9P
139 71 1262.1 1501 May 17 2763 Jul 03 7P 12H 43T 9P
140 71 1262.1 1512 Apr 16 2774 Jun 01 8P 11T 4H 32A 16P
141 70 1244.0 1613 May 19 2857 Jun 13 7P 41A 22P
142 72 1280.1 1624 Apr 17 2904 Jun 05 7P 1A 1H 43T 20P
143 72 1280.1 1617 Mar 07 2897 Apr 23 10P 12T 4H 26A 20P
144 70 1244.0 1736 Apr 11 2980 May 05 8P 39A 23P
145 77 1370.3 1639 Jan 04 3009 Apr 17 14P 1A 1H 41T 20P
146 76 1352.2 1541 Sep 19 2893 Dec 29 22P 13T 4H 24A 13P
147 80 1424.3 1624 Oct 12 3049 Feb 24 21P 40A 19P
148 75 1334.2 1653 Sep 21 2987 Dec 12 20P 2A 1H 40T 12P
149 71 1262.1 1664 Aug 21 2926 Sep 28 21P 17T 3H 23A 7P
150 71 1262.1 1729 Aug 24 2991 Sep 29 22P 40A 9P
Statistics for Saros Series 151 to 180
Saros Number of Length First Last Eclipse
Series Eclipses (Years) Eclipse Eclipse Sequence
151 72 1280.1 1776 Aug 14 3056 Oct 01 18P 6A 1H 39T 8P
152 70 1244.0 1805 Jul 26 3049 Aug 20 9P 30T 3H 22A 6P
153 70 1244.0 1870 Jul 28 3114 Aug 22 13P 49A 8P
154 71 1262.1 1917 Jul 19 3179 Aug 25 7P 17A 3H 36T 8P
155 71 1262.1 1928 Jun 17 3190 Jul 24 8P 33T 3H 20A 7P
156 69 1226.0 2011 Jul 01 3237 Jul 14 8P 52A 9P
157 70 1244.0 2058 Jun 21 3302 Jul 17 6P 19A 3H 34T 8P
158 70 1244.0 2069 May 20 3313 Jun 16 7P 35T 2H 16A 10P
159 70 1244.0 2134 May 23 3378 Jun 17 8P 41A 21P
160 71 1262.1 2181 May 13 3443 Jun 20 7P 20A 3H 22T 19P
161 72 1280.1 2174 Apr 01 3454 May 20 9P 35T 3H 5A 20P
162 70 1244.0 2257 Apr 15 3501 May 10 9P 39A 22P
163 72 1280.1 2286 Mar 25 3566 May 13 9P 20A 4H 18T 21P
164 80 1424.3 2098 Oct 24 3523 Mar 10 20P 36T 4H 3A 17P
165 72 1280.1 2145 Oct 16 3425 Dec 02 22P 39A 11P
166 78 1388.3 2228 Oct 29 3617 Feb 19 19P 21A 5H 16T 17P
167 72 1280.1 2203 Sep 06 3483 Oct 24 21P 26T 14H 3A 8P
168 70 1244.0 2250 Aug 28 3494 Sep 22 23P 40A 7P
169 71 1262.1 2333 Sep 10 3595 Oct 16 19P 13A 16H 15T 8P
170 71 1262.1 2344 Aug 09 3606 Sep 15 11P 36T 11H 6A 7P
171 69 1226.0 2391 Aug 01 3617 Aug 14 14P 48A 7P
172 70 1244.0 2474 Aug 13 3718 Sep 08 8P 23A 16H 15T 8P
173 70 1244.0 2485 Jul 12 3729 Aug 08 7P 41T 3H 12A 7P
174 69 1226.0 2532 Jul 04 3758 Jul 18 8P 1T 2H 50A 8P
175 70 1244.0 2597 Jul 05 3841 Jul 31 7P 26A 5H 24T 8P
176 71 1262.1 2608 Jun 04 3870 Jul 12 7P 43T 2H 10A 9P
177 70 1244.0 2655 May 27 3899 Jun 21 8P 3T 3H 37A 19P
178 70 1244.0 2738 Jun 09 3982 Jul 04 6P 28A 4H 11T 21P
179 71 1262.1 2731 Apr 28 3993 Jun 03 8P 44T 19P
180 70 1244.0 2760 Apr 08 4004 May 02 10P 5T 2H 33A 20P
There is a maximum of 87 eclipses in the longest Saros series from 1 to 180
Number of Saros series containing 87 eclipses: 1
There is a minimum of 69 eclipses in the shortest Saros series from 1 to 180
Number of Saros series containing 69 eclipses: 3
The Julian calendar is used for all dates up to 1582 Oct 04. After that date, the Gregorian calendar is used. Due to the Gregorian Calander reform, the day after 1582 Oct 04 (Julian calendar) is 1582 Oct 15 (Gregorian calendar). Note that Great Britian did not adopt the Gregorian calander until 1752. For more information, see Julian and Gregorian Calendars.
The Julian calendar does not include the year 0, so the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE. This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. In this catalog, dates are counted using the astronomical numbering system which recognizes the year 0. Historians should note the numerical difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and year -100 corresponds to 101 BCE, etc.. (See: Year Dating Conventions )
There is some historical uncertainty as to which years from 43 BCE to 8 CE were counted as leap years. For the purposes of this catalog, we will assume that all Julian years divisible by 4 will be counted as leap years.
Eclipse predictions presented here are based on j=2 ephemerides for the Sun [Newcomb, 1895] and Moon [Brown, 1919, and Eckert, Jones and Clark, 1954]. The value used for the Moon's secular acceleration is n-dot = -26 arc-sec/cy*cy, as deduced by Morrison and Ward [1975]. The value for delta-T was determined as follows:
1) pre-1600: delta T was calculated from empirical fits to historical records derived by Stephenson (1997)
2) 1600-present: delta T was obtained from published observations
3) future: delta-T was extrapolated from current values
All eclipse calculations are by Fred Espenak, and he assumes full responsibility for their accuracy. Some of the information presented in these tables is based on Fifty Year Canon of Solar Eclipses: 1986 - 2035.
Permission is freely granted to reproduce this data when accompanied by an acknowledgment:
Eclipse Predictions & WebMaster: Fred Espenak e-mail: fred.espenak@nasa.gov Planetary Systems Branch - Code 693
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