The periodicity and recurrence of solar (and lunar) eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node[1] with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and at the same time of year. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 13 centuries and contains 70 or more eclipses. Every saros series begins with a number of partial eclipses near one of Earth's polar regions. The series will then produce several dozen central[2] eclipses before ending with a group of partial eclipses near the opposite pole.
Solar eclipses of Saros 107 all occur at the Moon’s ascending node and the Moon moves southward with each eclipse. The series began with a partial eclipse in the northern hemisphere on 0557 Feb 15. The series ended with a partial eclipse in the southern hemisphere on 1837 Apr 05. The total duration of Saros series 107 is 1280.14 years. In summary:
First Eclipse = 0557 Feb 15 07:19:28 TD
Last Eclipse = 1837 Apr 05 07:35:30 TD
Duration of Saros 107 = 1280.14 Years
Saros 107 is composed of 72 solar eclipses as follows:
| Solar Eclipses of Saros 107 | |||
| Eclipse Type | Symbol | Number | Percent |
| All Eclipses | - | 72 | 100.0% |
| Partial | P | 32 | 44.4% |
| Annular | A | 40 | 55.6% |
| Total | T | 0 | 0.0% |
| Hybrid[3] | H | 0 | 0.0% |
Umbral eclipses (annular, total and hybrid) can be further classified as either: 1) Central (two limits), 2) Central (one limit) or 3) Non-Central (one limit). The statistical distribution of these classes in Saros series 107 appears in the following table.
| Umbral Eclipses of Saros 107 | ||
| Classification | Number | Percent |
| All Umbral Eclipses | 40 | 100.0% |
| Central (two limits) | 39 | 97.5% |
| Central (one limit) | 1 | 2.5% |
| Non-Central (one limit) | 0 | 0.0% |
The following string illustrates the sequence of the 72 eclipses in Saros 107: 10P 40A 22P
The longest and shortest eclipses of Saros 107 as well as other eclipse extrema are listed below.
Longest Annular Solar Eclipse: 1061 Dec 14 Duration = 11m29s
Shortest Annular Solar Eclipse: 0737 Jun 03 Duration = 01m30s
Largest Partial Solar Eclipse: 0719 May 24 Magnitude = 0.8714
Smallest Partial Solar Eclipse: 0557 Feb 15 Magnitude = 0.0300
Local circumstances at greatest eclipse[4] for every eclipse of Saros 107 are presented in the following catalog. The sequence number in the first column links to a global map showing regions of eclipse visibility. A detailed key and additional information about the catalog can be found at: Key to Catalog of Solar Eclipse Saros Series.
For an animation showing how the eclipse path changes with each member of the series, see Saros 107 Animation.
TD of
Seq. Rel. Calendar Greatest Luna Ecl. Ecl. Sun Sun Path Central
Num. Num. Date Eclipse ΔT Num. Type Gamma Mag. Lat. Long. Alt Azm Width Dur.
s ° ° ° ° km
01 -36 0557 Feb 15 07:19:28 5103 -17846 Pb 1.5320 0.0300 61.6N 28.6E 0 116
02 -35 0575 Feb 26 15:18:32 4924 -17623 P 1.5067 0.0756 61.3N 100.8W 0 107
03 -34 0593 Mar 08 23:07:54 4744 -17400 P 1.4742 0.1341 61.0N 132.4E 0 98
04 -33 0611 Mar 20 06:46:33 4587 -17177 P 1.4339 0.2065 61.0N 8.3E 0 89
05 -32 0629 Mar 30 14:16:12 4443 -16954 P 1.3872 0.2905 61.1N 113.4W 0 80
06 -31 0647 Apr 10 21:36:12 4300 -16731 P 1.3334 0.3871 61.3N 127.2E 0 71
07 -30 0665 Apr 21 04:48:01 4125 -16508 P 1.2736 0.4945 61.7N 9.7E 0 62
08 -29 0683 May 02 11:50:52 3946 -16285 P 1.2071 0.6135 62.2N 105.7W 0 54
09 -28 0701 May 12 18:48:06 3769 -16062 P 1.1366 0.7392 62.8N 140.2E 0 45
10 -27 0719 May 24 01:39:12 3625 -15839 P 1.0620 0.8714 63.6N 27.5E 0 35
11 -26 0737 Jun 03 08:25:50 3481 -15616 A 0.9844 0.9737 72.3N 71.1W 9 39 595 01m30s
12 -25 0755 Jun 14 15:09:50 3338 -15393 A 0.9053 0.9746 83.1N 112.5W 25 98 217 01m38s
13 -24 0773 Jun 24 21:52:22 3194 -15170 A 0.8257 0.9734 79.1N 147.9W 34 165 171 01m53s
14 -23 0791 Jul 06 04:35:40 3050 -14947 A 0.7473 0.9710 71.2N 127.7E 41 184 158 02m14s
15 -22 0809 Jul 16 11:18:57 2907 -14724 A 0.6696 0.9679 62.9N 31.4E 48 191 156 02m41s
16 -21 0827 Jul 27 18:06:50 2763 -14501 A 0.5966 0.9642 54.7N 69.7W 53 195 161 03m15s
17 -20 0845 Aug 07 00:57:55 2619 -14278 A 0.5268 0.9602 46.6N 173.3W 58 197 170 03m54s
18 -19 0863 Aug 18 07:55:50 2476 -14055 A 0.4631 0.9558 38.8N 80.4E 62 198 181 04m38s
19 -18 0881 Aug 28 14:59:00 2332 -13832 A 0.4042 0.9512 31.1N 27.6W 66 199 195 05m26s
20 -17 0899 Sep 08 22:11:30 2188 -13609 A 0.3536 0.9465 23.8N 138.2W 69 199 210 06m15s
21 -16 0917 Sep 19 05:30:32 2080 -13386 A 0.3089 0.9419 16.9N 109.7E 72 199 225 07m06s
22 -15 0935 Sep 30 12:58:02 1972 -13163 A 0.2716 0.9375 10.5N 4.4W 74 198 241 07m57s
23 -14 0953 Oct 10 20:32:48 1864 -12940 A 0.2407 0.9333 4.6N 120.0W 76 196 256 08m46s
24 -13 0971 Oct 22 04:16:15 1757 -12717 A 0.2171 0.9295 0.6S 122.5E 77 194 270 09m32s
25 -12 0989 Nov 01 12:05:28 1649 -12494 A 0.1989 0.9261 5.1S 4.0E 79 191 283 10m14s
26 -11 1007 Nov 12 20:00:23 1549 -12271 A 0.1855 0.9233 8.8S 115.5W 79 188 294 10m49s
27 -10 1025 Nov 23 03:59:16 1459 -12048 A 0.1758 0.9211 11.5S 124.5E 80 184 303 11m14s
28 -09 1043 Dec 04 12:01:48 1370 -11825 A 0.1691 0.9196 13.4S 3.8E 80 179 309 11m28s
29 -08 1061 Dec 14 20:03:51 1280 -11602 A 0.1623 0.9187 14.3S 116.5W 81 175 312 11m29s
30 -07 1079 Dec 26 04:06:10 1190 -11379 A 0.1559 0.9185 14.4S 123.1E 81 170 313 11m18s
31 -06 1098 Jan 05 12:04:49 1100 -11156 A 0.1464 0.9189 13.8S 3.7E 82 166 311 10m56s
32 -05 1116 Jan 16 20:00:57 1027 -10933 A 0.1350 0.9200 12.4S 115.1W 82 161 306 10m27s
33 -04 1134 Jan 27 03:49:21 955 -10710 A 0.1170 0.9217 10.6S 127.9E 83 158 298 09m54s
34 -03 1152 Feb 07 11:32:55 885 -10487 A 0.0950 0.9238 8.4S 12.0E 85 155 288 09m19s
35 -02 1170 Feb 17 19:07:07 832 -10264 A 0.0651 0.9264 6.1S 101.4W 86 152 277 08m46s
36 -01 1188 Feb 29 02:34:01 778 -10041 A 0.0292 0.9294 3.8S 146.9E 88 151 265 08m14s
37 00 1206 Mar 11 09:50:27 724 -9818 Am -0.0156 0.9326 1.8S 38.0E 89 331 252 07m47s
38 01 1224 Mar 21 16:59:55 670 -9595 A -0.0663 0.9359 0.0S 69.1W 86 331 239 07m23s
39 02 1242 Apr 01 23:59:52 617 -9372 A -0.1253 0.9393 1.1N 173.6W 83 332 227 07m04s
40 03 1260 Apr 12 06:51:59 567 -9149 A -0.1907 0.9426 1.5N 83.9E 79 334 216 06m48s
TD of
Seq. Rel. Calendar Greatest Luna Ecl. Ecl. Sun Sun Path Central
Num. Num. Date Eclipse ΔT Num. Type Gamma Mag. Lat. Long. Alt Azm Width Dur.
s ° ° ° ° km
41 04 1278 Apr 23 13:36:43 520 -8926 A -0.2623 0.9457 1.0N 16.8W 75 337 207 06m37s
42 05 1296 May 03 20:15:52 474 -8703 A -0.3385 0.9485 0.5S 116.2W 70 340 200 06m27s
43 06 1314 May 15 02:50:08 439 -8480 A -0.4192 0.9510 3.3S 145.4E 65 344 196 06m19s
44 07 1332 May 25 09:20:33 407 -8257 A -0.5032 0.9531 7.3S 47.5E 60 347 197 06m10s
45 08 1350 Jun 05 15:49:57 375 -8034 A -0.5883 0.9547 12.4S 50.8W 54 351 204 05m59s
46 09 1368 Jun 15 22:19:08 346 -7811 A -0.6736 0.9557 18.9S 149.8W 48 356 218 05m43s
47 10 1386 Jun 27 04:49:17 317 -7588 A -0.7583 0.9561 26.6S 109.9E 40 360 246 05m23s
48 11 1404 Jul 07 11:22:59 290 -7365 A -0.8407 0.9558 35.9S 7.4E 33 5 299 05m00s
49 12 1422 Jul 18 18:00:59 265 -7142 A -0.9197 0.9545 47.2S 98.6W 23 11 427 04m35s
50 13 1440 Jul 29 00:45:41 240 -6919 As -0.9938 0.9505 66.1S 142.3E 5 27 - 04m02s
51 14 1458 Aug 09 07:36:10 218 -6696 P -1.0636 0.8590 70.8S 20.5E 0 46
52 15 1476 Aug 19 14:36:14 200 -6473 P -1.1260 0.7506 71.4S 97.9W 0 58
53 16 1494 Aug 30 21:44:35 183 -6250 P -1.1821 0.6529 71.8S 141.2E 0 72
54 17 1512 Sep 10 05:03:25 167 -6027 P -1.2305 0.5688 72.0S 17.3E 0 86
55 18 1530 Sep 21 12:31:37 153 -5804 P -1.2718 0.4970 72.0S 108.9W 0 100
56 19 1548 Oct 01 20:10:50 139 -5581 P -1.3049 0.4394 71.7S 122.2E 0 113
57 20 1566 Oct 13 03:59:23 128 -5358 P -1.3312 0.3939 71.1S 8.6W 0 127
58 21 1584 Nov 02 11:56:44 117 -5135 P -1.3510 0.3595 70.4S 141.1W 0 140
59 22 1602 Nov 13 20:03:05 106 -4912 P -1.3643 0.3363 69.5S 84.7E 0 153
60 23 1620 Nov 24 04:16:35 91 -4689 P -1.3729 0.3212 68.5S 50.6W 0 165
61 24 1638 Dec 05 12:36:35 63 -4466 P -1.3768 0.3143 67.5S 173.0E 0 176
62 25 1656 Dec 15 20:59:52 40 -4243 P -1.3790 0.3102 66.4S 36.3E 0 187
63 26 1674 Dec 27 05:27:32 20 -4020 P -1.3784 0.3108 65.4S 100.9W 0 198
64 27 1693 Jan 06 13:55:33 9 -3797 P -1.3788 0.3097 64.4S 122.2E 0 208
65 28 1711 Jan 18 22:23:38 9 -3574 P -1.3796 0.3075 63.5S 14.4W 0 218
66 29 1729 Jan 29 06:48:43 10 -3351 P -1.3838 0.2993 62.8S 149.9W 0 228
67 30 1747 Feb 09 15:11:18 12 -3128 P -1.3908 0.2860 62.1S 75.5E 0 237
68 31 1765 Feb 19 23:28:38 16 -2905 P -1.4028 0.2635 61.6S 57.7W 0 247
69 32 1783 Mar 03 07:40:30 17 -2682 P -1.4200 0.2312 61.3S 170.5E 0 256
70 33 1801 Mar 14 15:45:35 13 -2459 P -1.4434 0.1873 61.2S 40.6E 0 265
71 34 1819 Mar 25 23:44:30 12 -2236 P -1.4722 0.1329 61.2S 87.9W 0 274
72 35 1837 Apr 05 07:35:30 5 -2013 Pe -1.5081 0.0651 61.3S 145.6E 0 283
[1] The Moon's orbit is inclined about 5 degrees to Earth's orbit around the Sun. The points where the lunar orbit intersects the plane of Earth's orbit are known as the nodes. The Moon moves from south to north of Earth's orbit at the ascending node, and from north to south at the descending node.
[2]Central solar eclipses are eclipses in which the central axis of the Moon's shadow strikes the Earth's surface. All partial (penumbral) eclipses are non-central eclipses since the shadow axis misses Earth. However, umbral eclipses (total, annular and hybrid) may be either central (usually) or non-central (rarely).
[3]Hybrid eclipses are also known as annular/total eclipses. Such an eclipse is both total and annular along different sections of its umbral path. For more information, see Five Millennium Catalog of Hybrid Solar Eclipses .
[4]Greatest eclipse is defined as the instant when the axis of the Moon's shadow passes closest to the Earth's center. For total eclipses, the instant of greatest eclipse is virtually identical to the instants of greatest magnitude and greatest duration. However, for annular eclipses, the instant of greatest duration may occur at either the time of greatest eclipse or near the sunrise and sunset points of the eclipse path.
The Gregorian calendar is used for all dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates. The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions ). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..
The coordinates of the Sun used in these predictions are based on the VSOP87 theory [Bretagnon and Francou, 1988]. The Moon's coordinates are based on the ELP-2000/82 theory [Chapront-Touze and Chapront, 1983]. For more information, see: Solar and Lunar Ephemerides. The revised value used for the Moon's secular acceleration is n-dot = -25.858 arc-sec/cy*cy, as deduced from the Apollo lunar laser ranging experiment (Chapront, Chapront-Touze, and Francou, 2002).
The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:
A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -1999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.
Special thanks to Dan McGlaun for extracting the individual eclipse maps from the Five Millennium Canon of Solar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 for use in this catalog and for preparing the Saros series animations from these maps.
The Besselian elements used in the predictions were kindly provided by Jean Meeus. All eclipse calculations are by Fred Espenak, and he assumes full responsibility for their accuracy. Some of the information presented on this web site is based on data originally published in Five Millennium Canon of Solar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000
Permission is freely granted to reproduce this data when accompanied by an acknowledgment:
"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak and Jean Meeus (NASA's GSFC)"
