Saros Series Catalog of Solar Eclipses

Saros Series 107

Introduction

The periodicity and recurrence of solar eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node[1] with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and at the same time of year. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 13 centuries and contains 70 or more eclipses. Every saros series begins with a number of partial eclipses near one of Earth's polar regions. The series will then produce several dozen central[2] eclipses before ending with a group of partial eclipses near the opposite pole. For more information, see Periodicity of Solar Eclipses.


Statistics for Solar Eclipses of Saros 107

Solar eclipses of Saros 107 all occur at the Moon’s ascending node and the Moon moves southward with each eclipse. The series began with a partial eclipse in the northern hemisphere on 0557 Feb 15. The series ended with a partial eclipse in the southern hemisphere on 1837 Apr 05. The total duration of Saros series 107 is 1280.14 years. In summary:

                      First Eclipse =   0557 Feb 15   07:19:28 TD
                       Last Eclipse =   1837 Apr 05   07:35:30 TD

                      Duration of Saros 107  =  1280.14 Years

Saros 107 is composed of 72 solar eclipses as follows:

Solar Eclipses of Saros 107
Eclipse Type Symbol Number Percent
All Eclipses - 72100.0%
PartialP 32 44.4%
AnnularA 40 55.6%
TotalT 0 0.0%
Hybrid[3]H 0 0.0%

Umbral eclipses (annular, total and hybrid) can be further classified as either: 1) Central (two limits), 2) Central (one limit) or 3) Non-Central (one limit). The statistical distribution of these classes in Saros series 107 appears in the following table.

Umbral Eclipses of Saros 107
Classification Number Percent
All Umbral Eclipses 40100.0%
Central (two limits) 39 97.5%
Central (one limit) 1 2.5%
Non-Central (one limit) 0 0.0%

The following string illustrates the sequence of the 72 eclipses in Saros 107: 10P 40A 22P

The longest and shortest central eclipses of Saros 107 as well as largest and smallest partial eclipses are listed in the below.

Extreme Durations and Magnitudes of Solar Eclipses of Saros 107
Extrema Type Date Duration Magnitude
Longest Annular Solar Eclipse 1061 Dec 1411m29s -
Shortest Annular Solar Eclipse 0737 Jun 0301m30s -
Largest Partial Solar Eclipse 0719 May 24 - 0.87145
Smallest Partial Solar Eclipse 0557 Feb 15 - 0.03004

Description of the Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 107

The catalog below lists concise details and local circumstances at greatest eclipse[5] for every solar eclipse in Saros 107. A description or explanation of each parameter listed in the catalog can be found in Key to Catalog of Solar Eclipse Saros Series.

Several fields in the catalog link to web pages or files containing additional information for each eclipse (for the years -1999 through +3000). The following gives a brief explanation of each link.


For an animation showing how the eclipse path changes with each member of the series, see Animation of Saros 107.



Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 107

                         TD of
 Seq. Rel.   Calendar   Greatest          Luna  Ecl.           Ecl.                Sun Path  Central
 Num. Num.     Date      Eclipse     ΔT   Num.  Type  Gamma    Mag.    Lat   Long  Alt Width   Dur.
                                      s                                 °      °     °    km

06081 -36  0557 Feb 15  07:19:28   5125 -17846   Pb   1.5320  0.0300  61.6N  28.6E   0             
06127 -35  0575 Feb 26  15:18:32   4952 -17623   P    1.5067  0.0756  61.3N 100.7W   0             
06173 -34  0593 Mar 08  23:07:54   4780 -17400   P    1.4742  0.1341  61.0N 132.5E   0             
06218 -33  0611 Mar 20  06:46:33   4610 -17177   P    1.4339  0.2065  61.0N   8.4E   0             
06263 -32  0629 Mar 30  14:16:12   4440 -16954   P    1.3872  0.2905  61.1N 113.4W   0             
06308 -31  0647 Apr 10  21:36:12   4273 -16731   P    1.3334  0.3871  61.3N 127.1E   0             
06355 -30  0665 Apr 21  04:48:01   4107 -16508   P    1.2736  0.4945  61.7N   9.7E   0             
06400 -29  0683 May 02  11:50:52   3943 -16285   P    1.2071  0.6135  62.2N 105.7W   0             
06444 -28  0701 May 12  18:48:06   3781 -16062   P    1.1366  0.7392  62.8N 140.2E   0             
06487 -27  0719 May 24  01:39:12   3621 -15839   P    1.0620  0.8714  63.6N  27.5E   0             

06530 -26  0737 Jun 03  08:25:50   3463 -15616   A    0.9844  0.9737  72.3N  71.2W   9  595  01m30s
06572 -25  0755 Jun 14  15:09:50   3308 -15393   A    0.9053  0.9746  83.1N 112.7W  25  217  01m38s
06613 -24  0773 Jun 24  21:52:22   3156 -15170   A    0.8257  0.9734  79.1N 148.0W  34  171  01m53s
06654 -23  0791 Jul 06  04:35:40   3007 -14947   A    0.7473  0.9710  71.2N 127.5E  41  158  02m14s
06695 -22  0809 Jul 16  11:18:57   2862 -14724   A    0.6696  0.9679  62.9N  31.3E  48  156  02m41s
06736 -21  0827 Jul 27  18:06:50   2719 -14501   A    0.5966  0.9642  54.7N  69.8W  53  161  03m15s
06776 -20  0845 Aug 07  00:57:55   2581 -14278   A    0.5268  0.9602  46.6N 173.5W  58  170  03m54s
06816 -19  0863 Aug 18  07:55:50   2446 -14055   A    0.4631  0.9558  38.8N  80.3E  62  181  04m38s
06856 -18  0881 Aug 28  14:59:00   2315 -13832   A    0.4042  0.9512  31.1N  27.7W  66  195  05m26s
06896 -17  0899 Sep 08  22:11:30   2188 -13609   A    0.3536  0.9465  23.8N 138.2W  69  210  06m15s

06936 -16  0917 Sep 19  05:30:32   2065 -13386   A    0.3089  0.9419  16.9N 109.6E  72  225  07m06s
06977 -15  0935 Sep 30  12:58:02   1947 -13163   A    0.2716  0.9375  10.5N   4.5W  74  241  07m57s
07018 -14  0953 Oct 10  20:32:48   1833 -12940   A    0.2407  0.9333   4.6N 120.1W  76  256  08m46s
07059 -13  0971 Oct 22  04:16:15   1724 -12717   A    0.2171  0.9295   0.6S 122.4E  77  270  09m32s
07099 -12  0989 Nov 01  12:05:28   1619 -12494   A    0.1989  0.9261   5.1S   3.9E  79  283  10m14s
07141 -11  1007 Nov 12  20:00:23   1519 -12271   A    0.1855  0.9233   8.8S 115.6W  79  294  10m49s
07183 -10  1025 Nov 23  03:59:16   1424 -12048   A    0.1758  0.9211  11.5S 124.3E  80  303  11m14s
07225 -09  1043 Dec 04  12:01:48   1333 -11825   A    0.1691  0.9196  13.4S   3.7E  80  309  11m28s
07269 -08  1061 Dec 14  20:03:51   1247 -11602   A    0.1623  0.9187  14.3S 116.7W  81  312  11m29s
07313 -07  1079 Dec 26  04:06:10   1165 -11379   A    0.1559  0.9185  14.4S 123.0E  81  313  11m18s

07358 -06  1098 Jan 05  12:04:49   1088 -11156   A    0.1464  0.9189  13.8S   3.7E  82  311  10m56s
07404 -05  1116 Jan 16  20:00:57   1015 -10933   A    0.1350  0.9200  12.4S 115.2W  82  306  10m27s
07449 -04  1134 Jan 27  03:49:21    946 -10710   A    0.1170  0.9217  10.6S 127.9E  83  298  09m54s
07494 -03  1152 Feb 07  11:32:55    882 -10487   A    0.0950  0.9238   8.4S  12.0E  85  288  09m19s
07539 -02  1170 Feb 17  19:07:07    821 -10264   A    0.0651  0.9264   6.1S 101.5W  86  277  08m46s
07585 -01  1188 Feb 29  02:34:01    764 -10041   A    0.0292  0.9294   3.8S 146.9E  88  265  08m14s
07630  00  1206 Mar 11  09:50:27    711  -9818   Am  -0.0156  0.9326   1.8S  37.9E  89  252  07m47s
07676  01  1224 Mar 21  16:59:55    662  -9595   A   -0.0663  0.9359   0.0S  69.1W  86  239  07m23s
07721  02  1242 Apr 01  23:59:52    615  -9372   A   -0.1253  0.9393   1.1N 173.6W  83  227  07m04s
07765  03  1260 Apr 12  06:51:59    572  -9149   A   -0.1907  0.9426   1.5N  83.9E  79  216  06m48s


Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 107

                         TD of
 Seq. Rel.   Calendar   Greatest          Luna  Ecl.           Ecl.                Sun Path  Central
 Num. Num.     Date      Eclipse     ΔT   Num.  Type  Gamma    Mag.    Lat   Long  Alt Width   Dur.
                                      s                                 °      °     °    km

07809  04  1278 Apr 23  13:36:43    532  -8926   A   -0.2623  0.9457   1.0N  16.7W  75  207  06m37s
07852  05  1296 May 03  20:15:52    494  -8703   A   -0.3385  0.9485   0.5S 116.1W  70  200  06m27s
07894  06  1314 May 15  02:50:08    458  -8480   A   -0.4192  0.9510   3.3S 145.5E  65  196  06m19s
07936  07  1332 May 25  09:20:33    425  -8257   A   -0.5032  0.9531   7.3S  47.6E  60  197  06m10s
07977  08  1350 Jun 05  15:49:57    394  -8034   A   -0.5883  0.9547  12.4S  50.7W  54  204  05m59s
08018  09  1368 Jun 15  22:19:08    365  -7811   A   -0.6736  0.9557  18.9S 149.8W  48  218  05m43s
08059  10  1386 Jun 27  04:49:17    337  -7588   A   -0.7583  0.9561  26.6S 110.0E  40  246  05m23s
08099  11  1404 Jul 07  11:22:59    311  -7365   A   -0.8407  0.9558  35.9S   7.5E  33  299  05m00s
08139  12  1422 Jul 18  18:00:59    287  -7142   A   -0.9197  0.9545  47.2S  98.5W  23  427  04m35s
08179  13  1440 Jul 29  00:45:41    264  -6919   As  -0.9938  0.9505  66.1S 142.4E   5   -   04m02s

08219  14  1458 Aug 09  07:36:10    242  -6696   P   -1.0636  0.8590  70.8S  20.6E   0             
08259  15  1476 Aug 19  14:36:14    221  -6473   P   -1.1260  0.7506  71.4S  97.8W   0             
08299  16  1494 Aug 30  21:44:35    201  -6250   P   -1.1821  0.6529  71.8S 141.3E   0             
08341  17  1512 Sep 10  05:03:25    183  -6027   P   -1.2305  0.5688  72.0S  17.4E   0             
08383  18  1530 Sep 21  12:31:37    166  -5804   P   -1.2718  0.4970  72.0S 108.9W   0             
08424  19  1548 Oct 01  20:10:50    151  -5581   P   -1.3049  0.4394  71.7S 122.3E   0             
08465  20  1566 Oct 13  03:59:23    137  -5358   P   -1.3312  0.3939  71.1S   8.6W   0             
08506  21  1584 Nov 02  11:56:44    126  -5135   P   -1.3510  0.3595  70.4S 141.1W   0             
08547  22  1602 Nov 13  20:03:05    115  -4912   P   -1.3643  0.3363  69.5S  84.8E   0             
08589  23  1620 Nov 24  04:16:35     93  -4689   P   -1.3729  0.3212  68.5S  50.6W   0             

08633  24  1638 Dec 05  12:36:35     66  -4466   P   -1.3768  0.3143  67.5S 173.0E   0             
08678  25  1656 Dec 15  20:59:52     39  -4243   P   -1.3790  0.3102  66.4S  36.3E   0             
08724  26  1674 Dec 27  05:27:32     18  -4020   P   -1.3784  0.3108  65.4S 100.9W   0             
08769  27  1693 Jan 06  13:55:33      8  -3797   P   -1.3788  0.3097  64.4S 122.2E   0             
08814  28  1711 Jan 18  22:23:38      9  -3574   P   -1.3796  0.3075  63.5S  14.4W   0             
08859  29  1729 Jan 29  06:48:43     10  -3351   P   -1.3838  0.2993  62.8S 149.9W   0             
08905  30  1747 Feb 09  15:11:18     12  -3128   P   -1.3908  0.2860  62.1S  75.5E   0             
08950  31  1765 Feb 19  23:28:38     15  -2905   P   -1.4028  0.2635  61.6S  57.7W   0             
08996  32  1783 Mar 03  07:40:30     17  -2682   P   -1.4200  0.2312  61.3S 170.5E   0             
09041  33  1801 Mar 14  15:45:35     13  -2459   P   -1.4434  0.1873  61.2S  40.6E   0             

09086  34  1819 Mar 25  23:44:30     12  -2236   P   -1.4722  0.1329  61.2S  87.9W   0             
09131  35  1837 Apr 05  07:35:30      5  -2013   Pe  -1.5081  0.0651  61.3S 145.6E   0             


Calendar

The Gregorian calendar is used for all dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates. The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions ). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..


Predictions

The coordinates of the Sun used in these predictions are based on the VSOP87 theory [Bretagnon and Francou, 1988]. The Moon's coordinates are based on the ELP-2000/82 theory [Chapront-Touze and Chapront, 1983]. For more information, see: Solar and Lunar Ephemerides. The revised value used for the Moon's secular acceleration is n-dot = -25.858 arc-sec/cy*cy, as deduced from the Apollo lunar laser ranging experiment (Chapront, Chapront-Touze, and Francou, 2002).

The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:

  1. pre-1950's: ΔT calculated from empirical fits to historical records derived by Morrison and Stephenson (2004)
  2. 1955-present: ΔT obtained from published observations
  3. future: ΔT is extrapolated from current values weighted by the long term trend from tidal effects

A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -1999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.


Footnotes

[1] The Moon's orbit is inclined about 5 degrees to Earth's orbit around the Sun. The points where the lunar orbit intersects the plane of Earth's orbit are known as the nodes. The Moon moves from south to north of Earth's orbit at the ascending node, and from north to south at the descending node.

[2]Central solar eclipses are eclipses in which the central axis of the Moon's shadow strikes the Earth's surface. All partial (penumbral) eclipses are non-central eclipses since the shadow axis misses Earth. However, umbral eclipses (total, annular and hybrid) may be either central (usually) or non-central (rarely).

[3]Hybrid eclipses are also known as annular/total eclipses. Such an eclipse is both total and annular along different sections of its umbral path. For more information, see Five Millennium Catalog of Hybrid Solar Eclipses .

[4]Greatest eclipse is defined as the instant when the axis of the Moon's shadow passes closest to Earth's center. For total eclipses, the instant of greatest eclipse is nearly equal to the instants of greatest magnitude and greatest duration. However, for annular eclipses, the instant of greatest duration may occur at either the time of greatest eclipse or near the sunrise and sunset points of the eclipse path.


Acknowledgments

The information presented on this web page is based on data published in Five Millennium Canon of Solar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 and Five Millennium Catalog of Solar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000. The individual global maps appearing in links (both GIF an animation) were extracted from full page plates appearing in Five Millennium Canon by Dan McGlaun. The Besselian elements were provided by Jean Meeus. Fred Espenak assumes full responsibility for the accuracy of all eclipse calculations.

Permission is freely granted to reproduce this data when accompanied by an acknowledgment:

"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak (NASA's GSFC)"


Return to:

Saros Series Catalog of Solar Eclipses

Periodicity of Solar Eclipses

Five Millennium Catalog of Solar Eclipses

2009 Sep 26