Saros Series Catalog of Solar Eclipses

Saros Series 136

Introduction

The periodicity and recurrence of solar eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node[1] with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and at the same time of year. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 13 centuries and contains 70 or more eclipses. Every saros series begins with a number of partial eclipses near one of Earth's polar regions. The series will then produce several dozen central[2] eclipses before ending with a group of partial eclipses near the opposite pole. For more information, see Periodicity of Solar Eclipses.


Statistics for Solar Eclipses of Saros 136

Solar eclipses of Saros 136 all occur at the Moon’s descending node and the Moon moves northward with each eclipse. The series began with a partial eclipse in the southern hemisphere on 1360 Jun 14. The series will end with a partial eclipse in the northern hemisphere on 2622 Jul 30. The total duration of Saros series 136 is 1262.11 years. In summary:

                      First Eclipse =   1360 Jun 14   05:56:04 TD
                       Last Eclipse =   2622 Jul 30   12:18:09 TD

                      Duration of Saros 136  =  1262.11 Years

Saros 136 is composed of 71 solar eclipses as follows:

Solar Eclipses of Saros 136
Eclipse Type Symbol Number Percent
All Eclipses - 71100.0%
PartialP 15 21.1%
AnnularA 6 8.5%
TotalT 44 62.0%
Hybrid[3]H 6 8.5%

Umbral eclipses (annular, total and hybrid) can be further classified as either: 1) Central (two limits), 2) Central (one limit) or 3) Non-Central (one limit). The statistical distribution of these classes in Saros series 136 appears in the following table.

Umbral Eclipses of Saros 136
Classification Number Percent
All Umbral Eclipses 56100.0%
Central (two limits) 56100.0%
Central (one limit) 0 0.0%
Non-Central (one limit) 0 0.0%

The following string illustrates the sequence of the 71 eclipses in Saros 136: 8P 6A 6H 44T 7P

The longest and shortest central eclipses of Saros 136 as well as largest and smallest partial eclipses are listed in the below.

Extreme Durations and Magnitudes of Solar Eclipses of Saros 136
Extrema Type Date Duration Magnitude
Longest Annular Solar Eclipse 1504 Sep 0800m32s -
Shortest Annular Solar Eclipse 1594 Nov 1200m04s -
Longest Total Solar Eclipse 1955 Jun 2007m08s -
Shortest Total Solar Eclipse 2496 May 1301m02s -
Longest Hybrid Solar Eclipse 1703 Jan 1700m50s -
Shortest Hybrid Solar Eclipse 1612 Nov 2200m01s -
Largest Partial Solar Eclipse 1486 Aug 29 - 0.98558
Smallest Partial Solar Eclipse 1360 Jun 14 - 0.04950

Description of the Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 136

The catalog below lists concise details and local circumstances at greatest eclipse[5] for every solar eclipse in Saros 136. A description or explanation of each parameter listed in the catalog can be found in Key to Catalog of Solar Eclipse Saros Series.

Several fields in the catalog link to web pages or files containing additional information for each eclipse (for the years -1999 through +3000). The following gives a brief explanation of each link.


For an animation showing how the eclipse path changes with each member of the series, see Animation of Saros 136.



Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 136

                         TD of
 Seq. Rel.   Calendar   Greatest          Luna  Ecl.           Ecl.                Sun Path  Central
 Num. Num.     Date      Eclipse     ΔT   Num.  Type  Gamma    Mag.    Lat   Long  Alt Width   Dur.
                                      s                                 °      °     °    km

08000 -35  1360 Jun 14  05:56:04    378  -7910   Pb  -1.5227  0.0495  65.8S  78.2E   0             
08041 -34  1378 Jun 25  12:45:16    349  -7687   P   -1.4392  0.1976  64.8S  34.2W   0             
08082 -33  1396 Jul 05  19:37:40    323  -7464   P   -1.3568  0.3449  63.9S 147.2W   0             
08122 -32  1414 Jul 17  02:35:03    298  -7241   P   -1.2770  0.4881  63.1S  99.0E   0             
08162 -31  1432 Jul 27  09:39:02    274  -7018   P   -1.2011  0.6250  62.4S  16.3W   0             
08202 -30  1450 Aug 07  16:48:49    251  -6795   P   -1.1286  0.7560  61.8S 132.8W   0             
08241 -29  1468 Aug 18  00:08:08    230  -6572   P   -1.0627  0.8753  61.3S 108.4E   0             
08281 -28  1486 Aug 29  07:34:56    210  -6349   P   -1.0018  0.9856  61.0S  12.1W   0             
08322 -27  1504 Sep 08  15:12:15    191  -6126   A   -0.9486  0.9924  55.3S 102.6W  18   83  00m32s
08364 -26  1522 Sep 19  22:57:33    173  -5903   A   -0.9011  0.9946  53.9S 146.1E  25   42  00m23s

08405 -25  1540 Sep 30  06:54:11    157  -5680   A   -0.8620  0.9960  54.6S  29.2E  30   27  00m17s
08446 -24  1558 Oct 11  14:58:55    143  -5457   A   -0.8289  0.9971  56.5S  90.3W  34   18  00m12s
08487 -23  1576 Oct 21  23:13:06    131  -5234   A   -0.8031  0.9981  59.2S 147.9E  36   11  00m08s
08528 -22  1594 Nov 12  07:34:49    121  -5011   A   -0.7829  0.9991  62.4S  25.1E  38    5  00m04s
08568 -21  1612 Nov 22  16:04:35    104  -4788   H   -0.7691  1.0002  65.7S  98.4W  39    1  00m01s
08612 -20  1630 Dec 04  00:38:59     78  -4565   H   -0.7585  1.0017  68.7S 139.6E  40    9  00m07s
08657 -19  1648 Dec 14  09:17:55     51  -4342   H   -0.7510  1.0035  70.9S  19.6E  41   18  00m14s
08703 -18  1666 Dec 25  17:59:16     27  -4119   H   -0.7452  1.0058  71.6S  98.3W  42   30  00m24s
08749 -17  1685 Jan 05  02:42:50     11  -3896   H   -0.7409  1.0086  70.7S 143.1E  42   44  00m35s
08794 -16  1703 Jan 17  11:24:25      8  -3673   H2  -0.7345  1.0120  67.9S  22.2E  42   61  00m50s

08839 -15  1721 Jan 27  20:05:11     10  -3450   T   -0.7269  1.0158  64.0S 102.4W  43   79  01m07s
08885 -14  1739 Feb 08  04:41:13     11  -3227   T   -0.7149  1.0203  59.2S 131.0E  44   99  01m27s
08931 -13  1757 Feb 18  13:14:12     14  -3004   T   -0.6999  1.0251  53.8S   2.9E  45  119  01m51s
08976 -12  1775 Mar 01  21:39:20     16  -2781   T   -0.6783  1.0304  47.9S 124.8W  47  139  02m20s
09022 -11  1793 Mar 12  06:00:07     16  -2558   T   -0.6524  1.0359  41.7S 107.8E  49  158  02m51s
09067 -10  1811 Mar 24  14:12:13     12  -2335   T   -0.6190  1.0416  35.2S  18.0W  52  176  03m27s
09112 -09  1829 Apr 03  22:18:36      8  -2112   T   -0.5803  1.0474  28.5S 142.6W  54  192  04m05s
09156 -08  1847 Apr 15  06:16:13      7  -1889   T   -0.5339  1.0530  21.6S  95.0E  58  206  04m44s
09199 -07  1865 Apr 25  14:08:34      6  -1666   T   -0.4826  1.0584  14.8S  25.8W  61  219  05m23s
09241 -06  1883 May 06  21:53:49     -6  -1443   T   -0.4250  1.0634   8.1S 144.6W  65  229  05m58s

09283 -05  1901 May 18  05:33:48     -1  -1220   T   -0.3626  1.0680   1.7S  98.4E  69  238  06m29s
09326 -04  1919 May 29  13:08:55     21   -997   T   -0.2955  1.0719   4.4N  16.7W  73  244  06m51s
09369 -03  1937 Jun 08  20:41:02     24   -774   T   -0.2253  1.0751   9.9N 130.5W  77  250  07m04s
09410 -02  1955 Jun 20  04:10:42     31   -551   T   -0.1528  1.0776  14.8N 117.0E  81  254  07m08s
09450 -01  1973 Jun 30  11:38:41     44   -328   T   -0.0785  1.0792  18.8N   5.6E  86  256  07m04s
09489  00  1991 Jul 11  19:07:01     58   -105   Tm  -0.0041  1.0800  22.0N 105.2W  90  258  06m53s
09528  01  2009 Jul 22  02:36:25     66    118   T    0.0698  1.0799  24.2N 144.1E  86  258  06m39s
09568  02  2027 Aug 02  10:07:50     76    341   T    0.1421  1.0790  25.5N  33.2E  82  258  06m23s
09608  03  2045 Aug 12  17:42:39     89    564   T    0.2116  1.0774  25.9N  78.5W  78  256  06m06s
09649  04  2063 Aug 24  01:22:11    121    787   T    0.2771  1.0750  25.6N 168.4E  74  252  05m49s


Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 136

                         TD of
 Seq. Rel.   Calendar   Greatest          Luna  Ecl.           Ecl.                Sun Path  Central
 Num. Num.     Date      Eclipse     ΔT   Num.  Type  Gamma    Mag.    Lat   Long  Alt Width   Dur.
                                      s                                 °      °     °    km

09690  05  2081 Sep 03  09:07:31    160   1010   T    0.3378  1.0720  24.6N  53.6E  70  247  05m33s
09732  06  2099 Sep 14  16:57:53    202   1233   T    0.3942  1.0684  23.4N  62.8W  67  241  05m18s
09773  07  2117 Sep 26  00:55:42    245   1456   T    0.4442  1.0645  21.9N 178.4E  64  233  05m03s
09814  08  2135 Oct 07  09:00:03    291   1679   T    0.4884  1.0603  20.3N  57.6E  61  224  04m50s
09856  09  2153 Oct 17  17:12:18    336   1902   T    0.5259  1.0560  18.8N  65.7W  58  214  04m36s
09898  10  2171 Oct 29  01:31:03    375   2125   T    0.5577  1.0516  17.6N 169.1E  56  203  04m23s
09942  11  2189 Nov 08  09:57:28    417   2348   T    0.5830  1.0474  16.5N  41.6E  54  192  04m10s
09987  12  2207 Nov 20  18:30:26    461   2571   T    0.6027  1.0434  15.8N  87.8W  53  180  03m56s
10030  13  2225 Dec 01  03:08:36    506   2794   T    0.6178  1.0398  15.4N 141.4E  52  169  03m43s
10074  14  2243 Dec 12  11:52:14    554   3017   T    0.6284  1.0365  15.5N   9.0E  51  157  03m30s

10119  15  2261 Dec 22  20:38:50    604   3240   T    0.6360  1.0337  16.1N 124.2W  50  147  03m17s
10164  16  2280 Jan 03  05:28:11    656   3463   T    0.6414  1.0314  17.2N 101.9E  50  138  03m04s
10210  17  2298 Jan 13  14:16:27    710   3686   T    0.6474  1.0296  19.0N  31.9W  50  131  02m52s
10255  18  2316 Jan 25  23:05:17    766   3909   T    0.6526  1.0282  21.4N 166.0W  49  126  02m42s
10301  19  2334 Feb 05  07:50:29    824   4132   T    0.6603  1.0272  24.6N  60.8E  49  122  02m33s
10347  20  2352 Feb 16  16:32:06    884   4355   T    0.6709  1.0266  28.5N  71.8W  48  121  02m24s
10392  21  2370 Feb 27  01:07:02    946   4578   T    0.6865  1.0262  33.2N 157.0E  46  121  02m17s
10435  22  2388 Mar 09  09:36:21   1011   4801   T    0.7064  1.0260  38.5N  27.0E  45  124  02m10s
10479  23  2406 Mar 20  17:57:23   1077   5024   T    0.7327  1.0258  44.5N 101.3W  43  128  02m03s
10522  24  2424 Mar 31  02:10:10   1146   5247   T    0.7652  1.0254  51.3N 131.9E  40  133  01m55s

10565  25  2442 Apr 11  10:14:04   1216   5470   T    0.8046  1.0248  58.7N   6.2E  36  142  01m45s
10608  26  2460 Apr 21  18:09:49   1289   5693   T    0.8503  1.0236  66.8N 119.8W  31  154  01m34s
10650  27  2478 May 03  01:55:59   1363   5916   T    0.9034  1.0218  75.7N 107.7E  25  176  01m20s
10692  28  2496 May 13  09:34:25   1440   6139   T    0.9622  1.0185  81.0N  70.4W  15  243  01m02s
10734  29  2514 May 25  17:04:32   1519   6362   P    1.0272  0.9507  68.5N 123.2E   0             
10774  30  2532 Jun 05  00:28:58   1600   6585   P    1.0962  0.8224  67.5N   1.3E   0             
10814  31  2550 Jun 16  07:45:35   1683   6808   P    1.1708  0.6840  66.4N 118.1W   0             
10854  32  2568 Jun 26  14:58:55   1768   7031   P    1.2472  0.5426  65.5N 123.7E   0             
10894  33  2586 Jul 07  22:07:07   1855   7254   P    1.3270  0.3957  64.5N   7.2E   0             
10935  34  2604 Jul 19  05:14:31   1944   7477   P    1.4062  0.2509  63.7N 108.8W   0             

10976  35  2622 Jul 30  12:18:09   2035   7700   Pe   1.4872  0.1039  63.0N 136.4E   0             


Calendar

The Gregorian calendar is used for all dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates. The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions ). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..


Predictions

The coordinates of the Sun used in these predictions are based on the VSOP87 theory [Bretagnon and Francou, 1988]. The Moon's coordinates are based on the ELP-2000/82 theory [Chapront-Touze and Chapront, 1983]. For more information, see: Solar and Lunar Ephemerides. The revised value used for the Moon's secular acceleration is n-dot = -25.858 arc-sec/cy*cy, as deduced from the Apollo lunar laser ranging experiment (Chapront, Chapront-Touze, and Francou, 2002).

The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:

  1. pre-1950's: ΔT calculated from empirical fits to historical records derived by Morrison and Stephenson (2004)
  2. 1955-present: ΔT obtained from published observations
  3. future: ΔT is extrapolated from current values weighted by the long term trend from tidal effects

A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -1999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.


Footnotes

[1] The Moon's orbit is inclined about 5 degrees to Earth's orbit around the Sun. The points where the lunar orbit intersects the plane of Earth's orbit are known as the nodes. The Moon moves from south to north of Earth's orbit at the ascending node, and from north to south at the descending node.

[2]Central solar eclipses are eclipses in which the central axis of the Moon's shadow strikes the Earth's surface. All partial (penumbral) eclipses are non-central eclipses since the shadow axis misses Earth. However, umbral eclipses (total, annular and hybrid) may be either central (usually) or non-central (rarely).

[3]Hybrid eclipses are also known as annular/total eclipses. Such an eclipse is both total and annular along different sections of its umbral path. For more information, see Five Millennium Catalog of Hybrid Solar Eclipses .

[4]Greatest eclipse is defined as the instant when the axis of the Moon's shadow passes closest to Earth's center. For total eclipses, the instant of greatest eclipse is nearly equal to the instants of greatest magnitude and greatest duration. However, for annular eclipses, the instant of greatest duration may occur at either the time of greatest eclipse or near the sunrise and sunset points of the eclipse path.


Acknowledgments

The information presented on this web page is based on data published in Five Millennium Canon of Solar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 and Five Millennium Catalog of Solar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000. The individual global maps appearing in links (both GIF an animation) were extracted from full page plates appearing in Five Millennium Canon by Dan McGlaun. The Besselian elements were provided by Jean Meeus. Fred Espenak assumes full responsibility for the accuracy of all eclipse calculations.

Permission is freely granted to reproduce this data when accompanied by an acknowledgment:

"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak (NASA's GSFC)"


Return to:

Saros Series Catalog of Solar Eclipses

Periodicity of Solar Eclipses

Five Millennium Catalog of Solar Eclipses

2009 Sep 26