Saros Series Catalog of Solar Eclipses

Saros Series 141

Introduction

The periodicity and recurrence of solar eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node[1] with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and at the same time of year. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 13 centuries and contains 70 or more eclipses. Every saros series begins with a number of partial eclipses near one of Earth's polar regions. The series will then produce several dozen central[2] eclipses before ending with a group of partial eclipses near the opposite pole. For more information, see Periodicity of Solar Eclipses.


Statistics for Solar Eclipses of Saros 141

Solar eclipses of Saros 141 all occur at the Moon’s ascending node and the Moon moves southward with each eclipse. The series began with a partial eclipse in the northern hemisphere on 1613 May 19. The series will end with a partial eclipse in the southern hemisphere on 2857 Jun 13. The total duration of Saros series 141 is 1244.08 years. In summary:

                      First Eclipse =   1613 May 19   17:43:36 TD
                       Last Eclipse =   2857 Jun 13   09:35:05 TD

                      Duration of Saros 141  =  1244.08 Years

Saros 141 is composed of 70 solar eclipses as follows:

Solar Eclipses of Saros 141
Eclipse Type Symbol Number Percent
All Eclipses - 70100.0%
PartialP 29 41.4%
AnnularA 41 58.6%
TotalT 0 0.0%
Hybrid[3]H 0 0.0%

Umbral eclipses (annular, total and hybrid) can be further classified as either: 1) Central (two limits), 2) Central (one limit) or 3) Non-Central (one limit). The statistical distribution of these classes in Saros series 141 appears in the following table.

Umbral Eclipses of Saros 141
Classification Number Percent
All Umbral Eclipses 41100.0%
Central (two limits) 41100.0%
Central (one limit) 0 0.0%
Non-Central (one limit) 0 0.0%

The following string illustrates the sequence of the 70 eclipses in Saros 141: 7P 41A 22P

The longest and shortest central eclipses of Saros 141 as well as largest and smallest partial eclipses are listed in the below.

Extreme Durations and Magnitudes of Solar Eclipses of Saros 141
Extrema Type Date Duration Magnitude
Longest Annular Solar Eclipse 1955 Dec 1412m09s -
Shortest Annular Solar Eclipse 2442 Oct 0401m08s -
Largest Partial Solar Eclipse 2478 Oct 26 - 0.96448
Smallest Partial Solar Eclipse 2857 Jun 13 - 0.06372

Description of the Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 141

The catalog below lists concise details and local circumstances at greatest eclipse[5] for every solar eclipse in Saros 141. A description or explanation of each parameter listed in the catalog can be found in Key to Catalog of Solar Eclipse Saros Series.

Several fields in the catalog link to web pages or files containing additional information for each eclipse (for the years -1999 through +3000). The following gives a brief explanation of each link.


For an animation showing how the eclipse path changes with each member of the series, see Animation of Saros 141.



Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 141

                         TD of
 Seq. Rel.   Calendar   Greatest          Luna  Ecl.           Ecl.                Sun Path  Central
 Num. Num.     Date      Eclipse     ΔT   Num.  Type  Gamma    Mag.    Lat   Long  Alt Width   Dur.
                                      s                                 °      °     °    km

08570 -33  1613 May 19  17:43:36    103  -4782   Pb   1.5171  0.0712  63.3N 137.6E   0             
08614 -32  1631 May 31  00:25:37     77  -4559   P    1.4433  0.1996  64.1N  27.6E   0             
08659 -31  1649 Jun 10  07:02:37     50  -4336   P    1.3657  0.3345  65.0N  81.5W   0             
08705 -30  1667 Jun 21  13:36:07     26  -4113   P    1.2858  0.4732  65.9N 170.1E   0             
08750 -29  1685 Jul 01  20:06:07     11  -3890   P    1.2030  0.6163  66.9N  62.2E   0             
08795 -28  1703 Jul 14  02:36:34      9  -3667   P    1.1206  0.7580  67.9N  46.3W   0             
08840 -27  1721 Jul 24  09:06:55     10  -3444   P    1.0382  0.8990  68.9N 155.2W   0             
08886 -26  1739 Aug 04  15:40:56     11  -3221   A    0.9588  0.9408  79.9N  42.9E  16  801  03m59s
08932 -25  1757 Aug 14  22:16:45     14  -2998   A    0.8807  0.9407  71.6N 113.5W  28  467  04m36s
08977 -24  1775 Aug 26  04:59:40     16  -2775   A    0.8088  0.9391  61.3N 132.0E  36  383  05m16s

09023 -23  1793 Sep 05  11:47:24     16  -2552   A    0.7407  0.9370  51.7N  23.0E  42  347  06m02s
09068 -22  1811 Sep 17  18:43:45     12  -2329   A    0.6798  0.9345  43.0N  85.9W  47  330  06m51s
09113 -21  1829 Sep 28  01:46:53      8  -2106   A    0.6243  0.9317  34.9N 164.3E  51  323  07m43s
09157 -20  1847 Oct 09  09:00:23      7  -1883   A    0.5774  0.9290  27.7N  52.8E  55  323  08m35s
09200 -19  1865 Oct 19  16:21:14      5  -1660   A    0.5366  0.9263  21.3N  60.2W  57  326  09m27s
09242 -18  1883 Oct 30  23:50:54     -6  -1437   A    0.5030  0.9238  15.6N 174.9W  60  331  10m17s
09284 -17  1901 Nov 11  07:28:21     -0  -1214   A    0.4758  0.9216  10.8N  68.9E  62  336  11m01s
09327 -16  1919 Nov 22  15:14:12     21   -991   A    0.4549  0.9198   6.9N  48.9W  63  341  11m37s
09370 -15  1937 Dec 02  23:05:45     24   -768   A    0.4389  0.9184   4.0N 167.8W  64  344  12m00s
09411 -14  1955 Dec 14  07:02:25     31   -545   A    0.4266  0.9176   2.1N  72.2E  65  346  12m09s

09451 -13  1973 Dec 24  15:02:44     44   -322   A    0.4171  0.9174   1.1N  48.5W  65  345  12m02s
09490 -12  1992 Jan 04  23:05:37     58    -99   A    0.4091  0.9179   1.0N 169.7W  66  340  11m41s
09529 -11  2010 Jan 15  07:07:39     67    124   A    0.4002  0.9190   1.6N  69.3E  66  333  11m08s
09569 -10  2028 Jan 26  15:08:59     76    347   A    0.3901  0.9208   3.0N  51.5W  67  323  10m27s
09609 -09  2046 Feb 05  23:06:26     90    570   A    0.3765  0.9232   4.8N 171.4W  68  310  09m42s
09650 -08  2064 Feb 17  07:00:23    122    793   A    0.3597  0.9262   7.0N  69.7E  69  295  08m56s
09691 -07  2082 Feb 27  14:47:00    162   1016   A    0.3361  0.9298   9.4N  47.1W  70  277  08m12s
09733 -06  2100 Mar 10  22:28:11    203   1239   A    0.3077  0.9338  12.0N 162.4W  72  257  07m29s
09774 -05  2118 Mar 22  06:00:55    246   1462   A    0.2719  0.9382  14.3N  84.7E  74  237  06m50s
09815 -04  2136 Apr 01  13:26:19    292   1685   A    0.2295  0.9430  16.5N  26.0W  77  216  06m14s

09857 -03  2154 Apr 12  20:43:01    337   1908   A    0.1794  0.9478  18.2N 134.2W  80  195  05m42s
09899 -02  2172 Apr 23  03:53:15    377   2131   A    0.1234  0.9528  19.2N 119.6E  83  174  05m12s
09943 -01  2190 May 04  10:56:30    418   2354   A    0.0608  0.9577  19.4N  15.4E  86  154  04m45s
09988  00  2208 May 15  17:53:06    462   2577   A   -0.0080  0.9625  18.7N  87.0W  90  136  04m19s
10031  01  2226 May 27  00:45:11    508   2800   A   -0.0810  0.9670  16.8N 171.5E  85  119  03m55s
10075  02  2244 Jun 06  07:33:12    555   3023   Am  -0.1581  0.9712  13.8N  70.7E  81  105  03m31s
10120  03  2262 Jun 17  14:19:15    605   3246   A   -0.2377  0.9750   9.8N  30.2W  76   92  03m08s
10165  04  2280 Jun 27  21:03:21    657   3469   A   -0.3197  0.9784   4.6N 131.2W  71   81  02m45s
10211  05  2298 Jul 09  03:49:02    711   3692   A   -0.4012  0.9811   1.4S 126.5E  66   73  02m23s
10256  06  2316 Jul 20  10:36:18    767   3915   A   -0.4819  0.9834   8.1S  23.1E  61   67  02m03s


Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 141

                         TD of
 Seq. Rel.   Calendar   Greatest          Luna  Ecl.           Ecl.                Sun Path  Central
 Num. Num.     Date      Eclipse     ΔT   Num.  Type  Gamma    Mag.    Lat   Long  Alt Width   Dur.
                                      s                                 °      °     °    km

10302  07  2334 Jul 31  17:26:33    825   4138   A   -0.5608  0.9851  15.6S  81.8W  56   64  01m45s
10348  08  2352 Aug 11  00:21:35    886   4361   A   -0.6366  0.9862  23.6S 171.2E  50   63  01m32s
10393  09  2370 Aug 22  07:22:21    948   4584   A   -0.7082  0.9867  32.0S  62.0E  45   66  01m22s
10436  10  2388 Sep 01  14:30:25   1012   4807   A   -0.7744  0.9867  40.7S  50.1W  39   73  01m15s
10480  11  2406 Sep 12  21:45:23   1079   5030   A   -0.8356  0.9862  49.6S 165.5W  33   88  01m11s
10523  12  2424 Sep 23  05:09:46   1147   5253   A   -0.8896  0.9853  58.6S  74.1E  27  114  01m08s
10566  13  2442 Oct 04  12:43:00   1218   5476   A   -0.9371  0.9838  67.2S  54.7W  20  166  01m08s
10609  14  2460 Oct 14  20:25:57   1291   5699   A   -0.9775  0.9817  73.9S 156.1E  11  328  01m09s
10651  15  2478 Oct 26  04:18:22   1365   5922   P   -1.0109  0.9645  71.0S  13.3W   0             
10693  16  2496 Nov 05  12:20:23   1442   6145   P   -1.0373  0.9173  70.2S 146.4W   0             

10735  17  2514 Nov 17  20:31:22   1521   6368   P   -1.0572  0.8818  69.3S  78.9E   0             
10776  18  2532 Nov 28  04:49:26   1602   6591   P   -1.0722  0.8553  68.3S  57.0W   0             
10816  19  2550 Dec 09  13:15:41   1685   6814   P   -1.0815  0.8390  67.2S 165.7E   0             
10856  20  2568 Dec 19  21:47:01   1770   7037   P   -1.0877  0.8284  66.2S  27.6E   0             
10896  21  2586 Dec 31  06:23:26   1857   7260   P   -1.0903  0.8243  65.1S 111.3W   0             
10937  22  2605 Jan 11  15:01:06   1947   7483   P   -1.0928  0.8207  64.2S 110.0E   0             
10978  23  2623 Jan 22  23:41:24   2038   7706   P   -1.0937  0.8199  63.3S  29.1W   0             
11018  24  2641 Feb 02  08:20:04   2131   7929   P   -1.0971  0.8150  62.6S 167.5W   0             
11058  25  2659 Feb 13  16:57:15   2227   8152   P   -1.1020  0.8073  62.0S  54.6E   0             
11099  26  2677 Feb 24  01:29:55   2324   8375   P   -1.1113  0.7915  61.6S  81.9W   0             

11141  27  2695 Mar 07  09:58:56   2424   8598   P   -1.1242  0.7693  61.3S 142.5E   0             
11183  28  2713 Mar 18  18:21:32   2526   8821   P   -1.1428  0.7362  61.2S   8.6E   0             
11225  29  2731 Mar 30  02:38:14   2629   9044   P   -1.1669  0.6925  61.2S 123.8W   0             
11268  30  2749 Apr 09  10:47:47   2735   9267   P   -1.1976  0.6362  61.5S 105.6E   0             
11313  31  2767 Apr 20  18:51:20   2843   9490   P   -1.2335  0.5694  61.8S  23.6W   0             
11357  32  2785 May 01  02:47:04   2953   9713   P   -1.2764  0.4886  62.3S 151.0W   0             
11402  33  2803 May 12  10:37:20   3065   9936   P   -1.3244  0.3976  63.0S  82.7E   0             
11447  34  2821 May 22  18:21:01   3179  10159   P   -1.3779  0.2949  63.8S  42.0W   0             
11492  35  2839 Jun 03  02:01:17   3295  10382   P   -1.4350  0.1847  64.6S 166.2W   0             
11538  36  2857 Jun 13  09:35:05   3414  10605   Pe  -1.4973  0.0637  65.5S  70.9E   0             


Calendar

The Gregorian calendar is used for all dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates. The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions ). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..


Predictions

The coordinates of the Sun used in these predictions are based on the VSOP87 theory [Bretagnon and Francou, 1988]. The Moon's coordinates are based on the ELP-2000/82 theory [Chapront-Touze and Chapront, 1983]. For more information, see: Solar and Lunar Ephemerides. The revised value used for the Moon's secular acceleration is n-dot = -25.858 arc-sec/cy*cy, as deduced from the Apollo lunar laser ranging experiment (Chapront, Chapront-Touze, and Francou, 2002).

The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:

  1. pre-1950's: ΔT calculated from empirical fits to historical records derived by Morrison and Stephenson (2004)
  2. 1955-present: ΔT obtained from published observations
  3. future: ΔT is extrapolated from current values weighted by the long term trend from tidal effects

A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -1999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.


Footnotes

[1] The Moon's orbit is inclined about 5 degrees to Earth's orbit around the Sun. The points where the lunar orbit intersects the plane of Earth's orbit are known as the nodes. The Moon moves from south to north of Earth's orbit at the ascending node, and from north to south at the descending node.

[2]Central solar eclipses are eclipses in which the central axis of the Moon's shadow strikes the Earth's surface. All partial (penumbral) eclipses are non-central eclipses since the shadow axis misses Earth. However, umbral eclipses (total, annular and hybrid) may be either central (usually) or non-central (rarely).

[3]Hybrid eclipses are also known as annular/total eclipses. Such an eclipse is both total and annular along different sections of its umbral path. For more information, see Five Millennium Catalog of Hybrid Solar Eclipses .

[4]Greatest eclipse is defined as the instant when the axis of the Moon's shadow passes closest to Earth's center. For total eclipses, the instant of greatest eclipse is nearly equal to the instants of greatest magnitude and greatest duration. However, for annular eclipses, the instant of greatest duration may occur at either the time of greatest eclipse or near the sunrise and sunset points of the eclipse path.


Acknowledgments

The information presented on this web page is based on data published in Five Millennium Canon of Solar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 and Five Millennium Catalog of Solar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000. The individual global maps appearing in links (both GIF an animation) were extracted from full page plates appearing in Five Millennium Canon by Dan McGlaun. The Besselian elements were provided by Jean Meeus. Fred Espenak assumes full responsibility for the accuracy of all eclipse calculations.

Permission is freely granted to reproduce this data when accompanied by an acknowledgment:

"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak (NASA's GSFC)"


Return to:

Saros Series Catalog of Solar Eclipses

Periodicity of Solar Eclipses

Five Millennium Catalog of Solar Eclipses

2009 Sep 26