The periodicity and recurrence of solar (and lunar) eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node[1] with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and at the same time of year. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 13 centuries and contains 70 or more eclipses. Every saros series begins with a number of partial eclipses near one of Earth's polar regions. The series will then produce several dozen central[2] eclipses before ending with a group of partial eclipses near the opposite pole.
Solar eclipses of Saros 143 all occur at the Moon’s ascending node and the Moon moves southward with each eclipse. The series began with a partial eclipse in the northern hemisphere on 1617 Mar 07. The series will end with a partial eclipse in the southern hemisphere on 2897 Apr 23. The total duration of Saros series 143 is 1280.14 years. In summary:
First Eclipse = 1617 Mar 07 10:05:36 TD
Last Eclipse = 2897 Apr 23 02:43:17 TD
Duration of Saros 143 = 1280.14 Years
Saros 143 is composed of 72 solar eclipses as follows:
| Solar Eclipses of Saros 143 | |||
| Eclipse Type | Symbol | Number | Percent |
| All Eclipses | - | 72 | 100.0% |
| Partial | P | 30 | 41.7% |
| Annular | A | 26 | 36.1% |
| Total | T | 12 | 16.7% |
| Hybrid[3] | H | 4 | 5.6% |
Umbral eclipses (annular, total and hybrid) can be further classified as either: 1) Central (two limits), 2) Central (one limit) or 3) Non-Central (one limit). The statistical distribution of these classes in Saros series 143 appears in the following table.
| Umbral Eclipses of Saros 143 | ||
| Classification | Number | Percent |
| All Umbral Eclipses | 42 | 100.0% |
| Central (two limits) | 42 | 100.0% |
| Central (one limit) | 0 | 0.0% |
| Non-Central (one limit) | 0 | 0.0% |
The following string illustrates the sequence of the 72 eclipses in Saros 143: 10P 12T 4H 26A 20P
The longest and shortest eclipses of Saros 143 as well as other eclipse extrema are listed below.
Longest Total Solar Eclipse: 1887 Aug 19 Duration = 03m50s
Shortest Total Solar Eclipse: 1995 Oct 24 Duration = 02m10s
Longest Annular Solar Eclipse: 2518 Sep 06 Duration = 04m54s
Shortest Annular Solar Eclipse: 2085 Dec 16 Duration = 00m19s
Longest Hybrid Solar Eclipse: 2013 Nov 03 Duration = 01m40s
Shortest Hybrid Solar Eclipse: 2067 Dec 06 Duration = 00m08s
Largest Partial Solar Eclipse: 1779 Jun 14 Magnitude = 0.9276
Smallest Partial Solar Eclipse: 2897 Apr 23 Magnitude = 0.0380
Local circumstances at greatest eclipse[4] for every eclipse of Saros 143 are presented in the following catalog. The sequence number in the first column links to a global map showing regions of eclipse visibility. A detailed key and additional information about the catalog can be found at: Key to Catalog of Solar Eclipse Saros Series.
For an animation showing how the eclipse path changes with each member of the series, see Saros 143 Animation.
TD of
Seq. Rel. Calendar Greatest Luna Ecl. Ecl. Sun Sun Path Central
Num. Num. Date Eclipse ΔT Num. Type Gamma Mag. Lat. Long. Alt Azm Width Dur.
s ° ° ° ° km
01 -38 1617 Mar 07 10:05:36 94 -4735 Pb 1.5110 0.0419 61.2N 48.6W 0 101
02 -37 1635 Mar 18 18:24:53 70 -4512 P 1.4813 0.0973 61.1N 177.7E 0 92
03 -36 1653 Mar 29 02:38:06 44 -4289 P 1.4469 0.1622 61.2N 45.6E 0 83
04 -35 1671 Apr 09 10:41:25 24 -4066 P 1.4047 0.2423 61.4N 84.1W 0 74
05 -34 1689 Apr 19 18:39:23 9 -3843 P 1.3581 0.3312 61.7N 147.5E 0 65
06 -33 1707 May 02 02:28:17 9 -3620 P 1.3047 0.4339 62.2N 21.4E 0 56
07 -32 1725 May 12 10:12:19 10 -3397 P 1.2472 0.5447 62.8N 103.7W 0 47
08 -31 1743 May 23 17:48:55 12 -3174 P 1.1838 0.6672 63.5N 132.9E 0 38
09 -30 1761 Jun 03 01:22:38 15 -2951 P 1.1182 0.7939 64.4N 9.9E 0 29
10 -29 1779 Jun 14 08:51:28 17 -2728 P 1.0489 0.9276 65.3N 112.1W 0 19
11 -28 1797 Jun 24 16:18:13 15 -2505 T 0.9780 1.0570 77.2N 133.9E 11 17 975 02m47s
12 -27 1815 Jul 06 23:43:07 12 -2282 T 0.9062 1.0593 88.1N 162.7W 25 192 470 03m13s
13 -26 1833 Jul 17 07:08:02 6 -2059 T 0.8348 1.0591 77.5N 92.5E 33 200 357 03m29s
14 -25 1851 Jul 28 14:33:42 7 -1836 T 0.7644 1.0577 68.0N 19.6W 40 201 296 03m41s
15 -24 1869 Aug 07 22:01:05 2 -1613 T 0.6960 1.0551 59.1N 133.2W 46 202 254 03m48s
16 -23 1887 Aug 19 05:32:05 -6 -1390 T 0.6312 1.0518 50.6N 111.9E 51 202 221 03m50s
17 -22 1905 Aug 30 13:07:26 5 -1167 T 0.5708 1.0477 42.5N 4.3W 55 202 192 03m46s
18 -21 1923 Sep 10 20:47:29 23 -944 T 0.5149 1.0430 34.7N 121.8W 59 201 167 03m37s
19 -20 1941 Sep 21 04:34:03 25 -721 T 0.4649 1.0379 27.3N 119.1E 62 200 143 03m22s
20 -19 1959 Oct 02 12:27:00 33 -498 T 0.4207 1.0325 20.4N 1.4W 65 199 120 03m02s
21 -18 1977 Oct 12 20:27:27 48 -275 T 0.3836 1.0269 14.1N 123.6W 67 197 99 02m37s
22 -17 1995 Oct 24 04:33:30 61 -52 T 0.3518 1.0213 8.4N 113.2E 69 195 78 02m10s
23 -16 2013 Nov 03 12:47:36 68 171 H3 0.3272 1.0159 3.5N 11.7W 71 192 58 01m40s
24 -15 2031 Nov 14 21:07:31 78 394 H 0.3078 1.0106 0.6S 137.6W 72 189 38 01m08s
25 -14 2049 Nov 25 05:33:48 92 617 H 0.2943 1.0057 3.8S 95.2E 73 185 21 00m38s
26 -13 2067 Dec 06 14:03:43 131 840 H 0.2845 1.0011 6.0S 32.4W 74 181 4 00m08s
27 -12 2085 Dec 16 22:37:48 171 1063 A 0.2786 0.9971 7.3S 160.8W 74 176 10 00m19s
28 -11 2103 Dec 29 07:13:18 212 1286 A 0.2747 0.9936 7.5S 70.5E 74 172 23 00m43s
29 -10 2122 Jan 08 15:48:51 256 1509 A 0.2713 0.9907 6.9S 58.2W 74 168 34 01m02s
30 -09 2140 Jan 20 00:23:11 302 1732 A 0.2676 0.9882 5.5S 173.4E 75 163 43 01m17s
31 -08 2158 Jan 30 08:54:37 345 1955 A 0.2620 0.9863 3.4S 45.5E 75 160 50 01m27s
32 -07 2176 Feb 10 17:21:21 385 2178 A 0.2532 0.9849 0.9S 81.3W 75 156 55 01m34s
33 -06 2194 Feb 21 01:41:31 427 2401 A 0.2396 0.9840 1.9N 153.5E 76 154 58 01m38s
34 -05 2212 Mar 04 09:55:00 471 2624 A 0.2211 0.9834 4.9N 30.1E 77 152 60 01m40s
35 -04 2230 Mar 15 18:00:26 517 2847 A 0.1964 0.9831 7.9N 91.3W 79 151 61 01m40s
36 -03 2248 Mar 26 01:56:01 566 3070 A 0.1643 0.9829 10.6N 150.1E 80 151 61 01m41s
37 -02 2266 Apr 06 09:42:37 616 3293 Am 0.1255 0.9829 12.9N 34.0E 83 151 61 01m42s
38 -01 2284 Apr 16 17:19:22 668 3516 A 0.0792 0.9827 14.6N 79.2W 85 153 61 01m45s
39 00 2302 Apr 29 00:47:19 723 3739 A 0.0263 0.9825 15.6N 170.0E 88 157 62 01m49s
40 01 2320 May 09 08:04:33 779 3962 A -0.0347 0.9820 15.6N 62.1E 88 337 64 01m56s
TD of
Seq. Rel. Calendar Greatest Luna Ecl. Ecl. Sun Sun Path Central
Num. Num. Date Eclipse ΔT Num. Type Gamma Mag. Lat. Long. Alt Azm Width Dur.
s ° ° ° ° km
41 02 2338 May 20 15:14:20 838 4185 A -0.1011 0.9812 14.5N 44.0W 84 342 67 02m07s
42 03 2356 May 30 22:15:18 899 4408 A -0.1735 0.9800 12.2N 148.0W 80 346 72 02m21s
43 04 2374 Jun 11 05:09:56 961 4631 A -0.2504 0.9784 8.8N 109.1E 76 351 79 02m39s
44 05 2392 Jun 21 11:57:58 1026 4854 A -0.3319 0.9762 4.1N 7.3E 71 355 90 03m02s
45 06 2410 Jul 02 18:42:30 1093 5077 A -0.4152 0.9735 1.6S 94.4W 65 359 104 03m25s
46 07 2428 Jul 13 01:23:55 1162 5300 A -0.4998 0.9702 8.3S 163.9E 60 3 123 03m50s
47 08 2446 Jul 24 08:03:11 1233 5523 A -0.5854 0.9665 16.0S 61.9E 54 7 149 04m13s
48 09 2464 Aug 03 14:43:00 1306 5746 A -0.6692 0.9621 24.5S 41.3W 48 11 184 04m32s
49 10 2482 Aug 14 21:23:36 1381 5969 A -0.7515 0.9573 33.7S 145.8W 41 16 234 04m45s
50 11 2500 Aug 26 04:08:16 1459 6192 A -0.8296 0.9518 43.8S 106.9E 34 21 313 04m53s
51 12 2518 Sep 06 10:55:41 1538 6415 A -0.9046 0.9458 54.9S 4.8W 25 30 467 04m54s
52 13 2536 Sep 16 17:50:18 1619 6638 A -0.9727 0.9385 67.2S 131.1W 13 51 1025 04m48s
53 14 2554 Sep 28 00:50:14 1703 6861 P -1.0357 0.8994 72.3S 76.0E 0 97
54 15 2572 Oct 08 07:58:20 1788 7084 P -1.0915 0.8031 72.0S 44.8W 0 111
55 16 2590 Oct 19 15:13:18 1876 7307 P -1.1411 0.7180 71.5S 167.0W 0 124
56 17 2608 Oct 30 22:37:25 1966 7530 P -1.1828 0.6469 70.8S 69.0E 0 137
57 18 2626 Nov 11 06:08:45 2057 7753 P -1.2180 0.5874 70.0S 56.1W 0 150
58 19 2644 Nov 21 13:47:29 2151 7976 P -1.2468 0.5390 69.0S 177.5E 0 162
59 20 2662 Dec 02 21:32:54 2247 8199 P -1.2698 0.5007 67.9S 50.2E 0 174
60 21 2680 Dec 13 05:25:03 2345 8422 P -1.2874 0.4715 66.8S 78.3W 0 185
61 22 2698 Dec 24 13:21:08 2445 8645 P -1.3014 0.4485 65.8S 152.7E 0 195
62 23 2717 Jan 04 21:20:53 2547 8868 P -1.3123 0.4307 64.7S 23.3E 0 206
63 24 2735 Jan 16 05:21:36 2652 9091 P -1.3223 0.4143 63.8S 106.0W 0 216
64 25 2753 Jan 26 13:23:39 2758 9314 P -1.3311 0.3997 63.0S 124.7E 0 225
65 26 2771 Feb 06 21:22:12 2866 9537 P -1.3429 0.3802 62.3S 3.5W 0 235
66 27 2789 Feb 17 05:19:18 2976 9760 P -1.3557 0.3587 61.7S 131.1W 0 244
67 28 2807 Feb 28 13:10:08 3089 9983 P -1.3736 0.3288 61.4S 102.9E 0 253
68 29 2825 Mar 10 20:56:44 3204 10206 P -1.3948 0.2930 61.1S 21.8W 0 262
69 30 2843 Mar 22 04:34:12 3320 10429 P -1.4236 0.2443 61.1S 144.3W 0 271
70 31 2861 Apr 01 12:06:04 3439 10652 P -1.4566 0.1880 61.2S 94.6E 0 280
71 32 2879 Apr 12 19:28:29 3560 10875 P -1.4973 0.1183 61.5S 24.2W 0 289
72 33 2897 Apr 23 02:43:17 3682 11098 Pe -1.5438 0.0380 61.9S 141.2W 0 298
[1] The Moon's orbit is inclined about 5 degrees to Earth's orbit around the Sun. The points where the lunar orbit intersects the plane of Earth's orbit are known as the nodes. The Moon moves from south to north of Earth's orbit at the ascending node, and from north to south at the descending node.
[2]Central solar eclipses are eclipses in which the central axis of the Moon's shadow strikes the Earth's surface. All partial (penumbral) eclipses are non-central eclipses since the shadow axis misses Earth. However, umbral eclipses (total, annular and hybrid) may be either central (usually) or non-central (rarely).
[3]Hybrid eclipses are also known as annular/total eclipses. Such an eclipse is both total and annular along different sections of its umbral path. For more information, see Five Millennium Catalog of Hybrid Solar Eclipses .
[4]Greatest eclipse is defined as the instant when the axis of the Moon's shadow passes closest to the Earth's center. For total eclipses, the instant of greatest eclipse is virtually identical to the instants of greatest magnitude and greatest duration. However, for annular eclipses, the instant of greatest duration may occur at either the time of greatest eclipse or near the sunrise and sunset points of the eclipse path.
The Gregorian calendar is used for all dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates. The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions ). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..
The coordinates of the Sun used in these predictions are based on the VSOP87 theory [Bretagnon and Francou, 1988]. The Moon's coordinates are based on the ELP-2000/82 theory [Chapront-Touze and Chapront, 1983]. For more information, see: Solar and Lunar Ephemerides. The revised value used for the Moon's secular acceleration is n-dot = -25.858 arc-sec/cy*cy, as deduced from the Apollo lunar laser ranging experiment (Chapront, Chapront-Touze, and Francou, 2002).
The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:
A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -1999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.
Special thanks to Dan McGlaun for extracting the individual eclipse maps from the Five Millennium Canon of Solar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 for use in this catalog and for preparing the Saros series animations from these maps.
The Besselian elements used in the predictions were kindly provided by Jean Meeus. All eclipse calculations are by Fred Espenak, and he assumes full responsibility for their accuracy. Some of the information presented on this web site is based on data originally published in Five Millennium Canon of Solar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000
Permission is freely granted to reproduce this data when accompanied by an acknowledgment:
"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak and Jean Meeus (NASA's GSFC)"
