Saros Series Catalog of Solar Eclipses

Saros Series 152

Introduction

The periodicity and recurrence of solar eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node[1] with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and at the same time of year. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 13 centuries and contains 70 or more eclipses. Every saros series begins with a number of partial eclipses near one of Earth's polar regions. The series will then produce several dozen central[2] eclipses before ending with a group of partial eclipses near the opposite pole. For more information, see Periodicity of Solar Eclipses.


Statistics for Solar Eclipses of Saros 152

Solar eclipses of Saros 152 all occur at the Moon’s descending node and the Moon moves northward with each eclipse. The series began with a partial eclipse in the southern hemisphere on 1805 Jul 26. The series will end with a partial eclipse in the northern hemisphere on 3049 Aug 20. The total duration of Saros series 152 is 1244.08 years. In summary:

                      First Eclipse =   1805 Jul 26   06:14:19 TD
                       Last Eclipse =   3049 Aug 20   18:43:31 TD

                      Duration of Saros 152  =  1244.08 Years

Saros 152 is composed of 70 solar eclipses as follows:

Solar Eclipses of Saros 152
Eclipse Type Symbol Number Percent
All Eclipses - 70100.0%
PartialP 15 21.4%
AnnularA 22 31.4%
TotalT 30 42.9%
Hybrid[3]H 3 4.3%

Umbral eclipses (annular, total and hybrid) can be further classified as either: 1) Central (two limits), 2) Central (one limit) or 3) Non-Central (one limit). The statistical distribution of these classes in Saros series 152 appears in the following table.

Umbral Eclipses of Saros 152
Classification Number Percent
All Umbral Eclipses 55100.0%
Central (two limits) 53 96.4%
Central (one limit) 0 0.0%
Non-Central (one limit) 2 3.6%

The following string illustrates the sequence of the 70 eclipses in Saros 152: 9P 30T 3H 22A 6P

The longest and shortest central eclipses of Saros 152 as well as largest and smallest partial eclipses are listed in the below.

Extreme Durations and Magnitudes of Solar Eclipses of Saros 152
Extrema Type Date Duration Magnitude
Longest Annular Solar Eclipse 2743 Feb 1605m20s -
Shortest Annular Solar Eclipse 2562 Oct 2900m35s -
Longest Total Solar Eclipse 2328 Jun 0905m15s -
Shortest Total Solar Eclipse 2490 Sep 1401m47s -
Longest Hybrid Solar Eclipse 2508 Sep 2601m14s -
Shortest Hybrid Solar Eclipse 2544 Oct 1700m04s -
Largest Partial Solar Eclipse 1949 Oct 21 - 0.96381
Smallest Partial Solar Eclipse 3049 Aug 20 - 0.09064

Description of the Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 152

The catalog below lists concise details and local circumstances at greatest eclipse[5] for every solar eclipse in Saros 152. A description or explanation of each parameter listed in the catalog can be found in Key to Catalog of Solar Eclipse Saros Series.

Several fields in the catalog link to web pages or files containing additional information for each eclipse (for the years -1999 through +3000). The following gives a brief explanation of each link.


For an animation showing how the eclipse path changes with each member of the series, see Animation of Saros 152.



Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 152

                         TD of
 Seq. Rel.   Calendar   Greatest          Luna  Ecl.           Ecl.                Sun Path  Central
 Num. Num.     Date      Eclipse     ΔT   Num.  Type  Gamma    Mag.    Lat   Long  Alt Width   Dur.
                                      s                                 °      °     °    km

09054 -36  1805 Jul 26  06:14:19     12  -2405   Pb  -1.4571  0.1405  63.2S  42.8E   0             
09099 -35  1823 Aug 06  13:45:42     10  -2182   P   -1.3871  0.2753  62.5S  79.3W   0             
09143 -34  1841 Aug 16  21:20:24      5  -1959   P   -1.3193  0.4059  61.9S 158.0E   0             
09186 -33  1859 Aug 28  05:02:00      7  -1736   P   -1.2569  0.5261  61.5S  33.7E   0             
09228 -32  1877 Sep 07  12:48:42     -4  -1513   P   -1.1985  0.6382  61.2S  91.8W   0             
09270 -31  1895 Sep 18  20:44:01     -6  -1290   P   -1.1469  0.7369  61.0S 140.7E   0             
09312 -30  1913 Sep 30  04:45:49     15  -1067   P   -1.1005  0.8252  61.0S  11.6E   0             
09355 -29  1931 Oct 11  12:55:40     24   -844   P   -1.0607  0.9005  61.2S 119.5W   0             
09397 -28  1949 Oct 21  21:13:01     29   -621   P   -1.0270  0.9638  61.5S 107.5E   0             
09437 -27  1967 Nov 02  05:38:56     38   -398   T-  -1.0007  1.0126  62.0S  27.8W   0             

09477 -26  1985 Nov 12  14:11:27     55   -175   T   -0.9795  1.0388  68.6S 142.6W  11  690  01m59s
09516 -25  2003 Nov 23  22:50:22     64     48   T   -0.9638  1.0379  72.7S  88.4E  15  495  01m57s
09556 -24  2021 Dec 04  07:34:38     73    271   T   -0.9526  1.0367  76.8S  46.2W  17  419  01m54s
09596 -23  2039 Dec 15  16:23:46     85    494   T   -0.9458  1.0356  80.9S 172.8E  18  380  01m51s
09636 -22  2057 Dec 26  01:14:35    109    717   T   -0.9405  1.0348  84.9S  21.8E  19  355  01m50s
09677 -21  2076 Jan 06  10:07:27    148    940   T   -0.9373  1.0342  87.2S 173.7W  20  340  01m49s
09718 -20  2094 Jan 16  18:59:03    189   1163   T   -0.9333  1.0342  84.8S  10.6W  21  329  01m51s
09759 -19  2112 Jan 29  03:49:52    231   1386   T   -0.9292  1.0346  80.6S 163.8W  21  322  01m56s
09800 -18  2130 Feb 08  12:35:23    276   1609   T   -0.9212  1.0356  75.9S  51.8E  22  313  02m03s
09842 -17  2148 Feb 19  21:18:00    323   1832   T   -0.9111  1.0370  70.9S  88.3W  24  305  02m13s

09884 -16  2166 Mar 02  05:53:21    363   2055   T   -0.8958  1.0388  65.4S 134.4E  26  294  02m26s
09928 -15  2184 Mar 12  14:22:32    404   2278   T   -0.8755  1.0409  59.4S   0.2W  29  283  02m43s
09972 -14  2202 Mar 24  22:42:58    447   2501   T   -0.8484  1.0431  52.9S 131.9W  32  271  03m03s
10016 -13  2220 Apr 04  06:56:42    492   2724   T   -0.8162  1.0454  46.2S  99.0E  35  260  03m25s
10060 -12  2238 Apr 15  15:01:45    539   2947   T   -0.7772  1.0475  39.3S  27.3W  39  250  03m49s
10104 -11  2256 Apr 25  22:58:35    588   3170   T   -0.7317  1.0495  32.3S 150.9W  43  240  04m14s
10149 -10  2274 May 07  06:47:37    639   3393   T   -0.6799  1.0510  25.5S  88.2E  47  230  04m37s
10195 -09  2292 May 17  14:29:33    693   3616   T   -0.6224  1.0521  18.8S  30.3W  51  220  04m56s
10240 -08  2310 May 29  22:04:50    748   3839   T   -0.5599  1.0526  12.5S 146.5W  56  210  05m10s
10285 -07  2328 Jun 09  05:33:53    805   4062   T   -0.4928  1.0524   6.7S  99.5E  60  199  05m15s

10331 -06  2346 Jun 20  12:58:44    865   4285   T   -0.4224  1.0515   1.5S  12.7W  65  188  05m12s
10377 -05  2364 Jun 30  20:19:47    927   4508   T   -0.3494  1.0499   2.9N 123.3W  70  176  05m00s
10421 -04  2382 Jul 12  03:37:51    990   4731   T   -0.2744  1.0475   6.5N 127.5E  74  164  04m41s
10465 -03  2400 Jul 22  10:54:48   1056   4954   T   -0.1992  1.0444   9.1N  19.0E  79  151  04m17s
10508 -02  2418 Aug 02  18:11:10   1124   5177   T   -0.1242  1.0406  10.9N  89.0W  83  137  03m50s
10551 -01  2436 Aug 13  01:29:32   1194   5400   Tm  -0.0517  1.0361  11.8N 162.8E  87  122  03m21s
10594  00  2454 Aug 24  08:48:47   1266   5623   T    0.0194  1.0310  11.9N  54.3E  89  105  02m50s
10636  01  2472 Sep 03  16:12:54   1340   5846   T    0.0857  1.0255  11.3N  55.4W  85   87  02m19s
10678  02  2490 Sep 14  23:40:38   1416   6069   T    0.1483  1.0195  10.3N 166.2W  81   67  01m47s
10720  03  2508 Sep 26  07:14:51   1494   6292   H    0.2046  1.0134   9.0N  81.2E  78   47  01m14s


Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 152

                         TD of
 Seq. Rel.   Calendar   Greatest          Luna  Ecl.           Ecl.                Sun Path  Central
 Num. Num.     Date      Eclipse     ΔT   Num.  Type  Gamma    Mag.    Lat   Long  Alt Width   Dur.
                                      s                                 °      °     °    km

10761  04  2526 Oct 07  14:54:21   1574   6515   H    0.2557  1.0070   7.5N  33.0W  75   25  00m40s
10802  05  2544 Oct 17  22:41:14   1657   6738   H    0.3001  1.0006   5.9N 149.2W  73    2  00m04s
10842  06  2562 Oct 29  06:34:40   1741   6961   A    0.3382  0.9943   4.6N  92.7E  70   21  00m35s
10882  07  2580 Nov 08  14:34:19   1827   7184   A    0.3704  0.9883   3.4N  27.1W  68   44  01m15s
10923  08  2598 Nov 19  22:41:03   1916   7407   A    0.3959  0.9825   2.6N 148.8W  67   67  01m57s
10964  09  2616 Dec 01  06:53:19   2007   7630   A    0.4156  0.9772   2.1N  88.0E  65   89  02m39s
11005  10  2634 Dec 12  15:11:13   2099   7853   A    0.4303  0.9723   2.2N  36.7W  64  110  03m19s
11044  11  2652 Dec 22  23:31:17   2194   8076   A    0.4424  0.9680   2.8N 162.0W  64  128  03m56s
11085  12  2671 Jan 03  07:55:01   2291   8299   A    0.4505  0.9643   4.0N  71.7E  63  144  04m27s
11126  13  2689 Jan 13  16:18:41   2390   8522   A    0.4578  0.9612   5.9N  54.7W  63  158  04m52s

11168  14  2707 Jan 26  00:42:05   2491   8745   A    0.4646  0.9587   8.5N 178.7E  62  169  05m08s
11210  15  2725 Feb 05  09:02:01   2594   8968   A    0.4734  0.9567  11.8N  52.9E  62  178  05m17s
11253  16  2743 Feb 16  17:18:53   2699   9191   A    0.4842  0.9553  15.8N  72.4W  61  185  05m20s
11298  17  2761 Feb 27  01:29:39   2806   9414   A    0.4993  0.9543  20.4N 163.7E  60  191  05m17s
11343  18  2779 Mar 10  09:33:37   2915   9637   A    0.5193  0.9537  25.7N  41.3E  59  196  05m10s
11388  19  2797 Mar 20  17:29:20   3027   9860   A    0.5454  0.9533  31.6N  79.2W  57  202  05m00s
11433  20  2815 Apr 01  01:17:07   3140  10083   A    0.5774  0.9532  38.0N 162.2E  55  208  04m48s
11478  21  2833 Apr 11  08:54:12   3256  10306   A    0.6177  0.9531  45.0N  46.3E  52  217  04m34s
11524  22  2851 Apr 22  16:22:32   3373  10529   A    0.6644  0.9529  52.4N  67.3W  48  230  04m20s
11570  23  2869 May 02  23:40:23   3493  10752   A    0.7192  0.9525  60.4N 178.2W  44  250  04m05s

11617  24  2887 May 14  06:50:27   3614  10975   A    0.7793  0.9518  69.0N  73.3E  38  283  03m52s
11664  25  2905 May 25  13:49:06   3738  11198   A    0.8482  0.9505  78.6N  32.5W  32  346  03m39s
11709  26  2923 Jun 05  20:41:46   3864  11421   A    0.9210  0.9483  89.5N 149.9E  22  498  03m28s
11754  27  2941 Jun 16  03:25:38   3992  11644   A+   1.0004  0.9657  66.4N  43.9W   0             
11798  28  2959 Jun 27  10:05:42   4122  11867   P    1.0817  0.8254  65.4N 153.5W   0             
11842  29  2977 Jul 07  16:38:50   4254  12090   P    1.1677  0.6768  64.5N  99.0E   0             
11886  30  2995 Jul 18  23:11:40   4388  12313   P    1.2531  0.5297  63.7N   8.1W   0             
-----  31  3013 Jul 30  05:41:19   4524  12536   P    1.3404  0.3798  62.9N 114.2W   0             
-----  32  3031 Aug 10  12:12:15   4663  12759   P    1.4257  0.2339  62.3N 139.7E   0             
-----  33  3049 Aug 20  18:43:31   4803  12982   Pe   1.5098  0.0906  61.8N  33.6E   0             


Calendar

The Gregorian calendar is used for all dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates. The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions ). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..


Predictions

The coordinates of the Sun used in these predictions are based on the VSOP87 theory [Bretagnon and Francou, 1988]. The Moon's coordinates are based on the ELP-2000/82 theory [Chapront-Touze and Chapront, 1983]. For more information, see: Solar and Lunar Ephemerides. The revised value used for the Moon's secular acceleration is n-dot = -25.858 arc-sec/cy*cy, as deduced from the Apollo lunar laser ranging experiment (Chapront, Chapront-Touze, and Francou, 2002).

The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:

  1. pre-1950's: ΔT calculated from empirical fits to historical records derived by Morrison and Stephenson (2004)
  2. 1955-present: ΔT obtained from published observations
  3. future: ΔT is extrapolated from current values weighted by the long term trend from tidal effects

A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -1999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.


Footnotes

[1] The Moon's orbit is inclined about 5 degrees to Earth's orbit around the Sun. The points where the lunar orbit intersects the plane of Earth's orbit are known as the nodes. The Moon moves from south to north of Earth's orbit at the ascending node, and from north to south at the descending node.

[2]Central solar eclipses are eclipses in which the central axis of the Moon's shadow strikes the Earth's surface. All partial (penumbral) eclipses are non-central eclipses since the shadow axis misses Earth. However, umbral eclipses (total, annular and hybrid) may be either central (usually) or non-central (rarely).

[3]Hybrid eclipses are also known as annular/total eclipses. Such an eclipse is both total and annular along different sections of its umbral path. For more information, see Five Millennium Catalog of Hybrid Solar Eclipses .

[4]Greatest eclipse is defined as the instant when the axis of the Moon's shadow passes closest to Earth's center. For total eclipses, the instant of greatest eclipse is nearly equal to the instants of greatest magnitude and greatest duration. However, for annular eclipses, the instant of greatest duration may occur at either the time of greatest eclipse or near the sunrise and sunset points of the eclipse path.


Acknowledgments

The information presented on this web page is based on data published in Five Millennium Canon of Solar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 and Five Millennium Catalog of Solar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000. The individual global maps appearing in links (both GIF an animation) were extracted from full page plates appearing in Five Millennium Canon by Dan McGlaun. The Besselian elements were provided by Jean Meeus. Fred Espenak assumes full responsibility for the accuracy of all eclipse calculations.

Permission is freely granted to reproduce this data when accompanied by an acknowledgment:

"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak (NASA's GSFC)"


Return to:

Saros Series Catalog of Solar Eclipses

Periodicity of Solar Eclipses

Five Millennium Catalog of Solar Eclipses

2009 Sep 26