The periodicity and recurrence of solar (and lunar) eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node[1] with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and at the same time of year. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 13 centuries and contains 70 or more eclipses. Every saros series begins with a number of partial eclipses near one of Earth's polar regions. The series will then produce several dozen central[2] eclipses before ending with a group of partial eclipses near the opposite pole.
Solar eclipses of Saros 153 all occur at the Moon’s ascending node and the Moon moves southward with each eclipse. The series began with a partial eclipse in the northern hemisphere on 1870 Jul 28. The series will end with a partial eclipse in the southern hemisphere on 3114 Aug 22. The total duration of Saros series 153 is 1244.08 years. In summary:
First Eclipse = 1870 Jul 28 11:02:31 TD
Last Eclipse = 3114 Aug 22 20:29:10 TD
Duration of Saros 153 = 1244.08 Years
Saros 153 is composed of 70 solar eclipses as follows:
| Solar Eclipses of Saros 153 | |||
| Eclipse Type | Symbol | Number | Percent |
| All Eclipses | - | 70 | 100.0% |
| Partial | P | 21 | 30.0% |
| Annular | A | 49 | 70.0% |
| Total | T | 0 | 0.0% |
| Hybrid[3] | H | 0 | 0.0% |
Umbral eclipses (annular, total and hybrid) can be further classified as either: 1) Central (two limits), 2) Central (one limit) or 3) Non-Central (one limit). The statistical distribution of these classes in Saros series 153 appears in the following table.
| Umbral Eclipses of Saros 153 | ||
| Classification | Number | Percent |
| All Umbral Eclipses | 49 | 100.0% |
| Central (two limits) | 43 | 87.8% |
| Central (one limit) | 2 | 4.1% |
| Non-Central (one limit) | 4 | 8.2% |
The following string illustrates the sequence of the 70 eclipses in Saros 153: 13P 49A 8P
The longest and shortest eclipses of Saros 153 as well as other eclipse extrema are listed below.
Longest Annular Solar Eclipse: 2537 Sep 05 Duration = 07m11s
Shortest Annular Solar Eclipse: 2970 May 26 Duration = 01m26s
Largest Partial Solar Eclipse: 2086 Dec 06 Magnitude = 0.9271
Smallest Partial Solar Eclipse: 3114 Aug 22 Magnitude = 0.0178
Local circumstances at greatest eclipse[4] for every eclipse of Saros 153 are presented in the following catalog. The sequence number in the first column links to a global map showing regions of eclipse visibility. A detailed key and additional information about the catalog can be found at: Key to Catalog of Solar Eclipse Saros Series.
For an animation showing how the eclipse path changes with each member of the series, see Saros 153 Animation.
TD of
Seq. Rel. Calendar Greatest Luna Ecl. Ecl. Sun Sun Path Central
Num. Num. Date Eclipse ΔT Num. Type Gamma Mag. Lat. Long. Alt Azm Width Dur.
s ° ° ° ° km
01 -34 1870 Jul 28 11:02:31 1 -1601 Pb 1.5044 0.0742 69.2N 170.9E 0 336
02 -33 1888 Aug 07 18:05:46 -6 -1378 P 1.4369 0.1983 70.1N 53.0E 0 325
03 -32 1906 Aug 20 01:12:50 6 -1155 P 1.3731 0.3147 70.8N 66.4W 0 313
04 -31 1924 Aug 30 08:23:00 24 -932 P 1.3123 0.4245 71.5N 172.8E 0 300
05 -30 1942 Sep 10 15:39:32 26 -709 P 1.2571 0.5230 71.9N 50.0E 0 286
06 -29 1960 Sep 20 22:59:56 33 -486 P 1.2057 0.6139 72.1N 74.1W 0 273
07 -28 1978 Oct 02 06:28:43 49 -263 P 1.1616 0.6905 72.0N 159.6E 0 259
08 -27 1996 Oct 12 14:03:04 62 -40 P 1.1227 0.7575 71.7N 32.1E 0 245
09 -26 2014 Oct 23 21:45:39 68 183 P 1.0908 0.8114 71.2N 97.2W 0 231
10 -25 2032 Nov 03 05:34:13 79 406 P 1.0643 0.8554 70.4N 132.6E 0 218
11 -24 2050 Nov 14 13:30:53 96 629 P 1.0447 0.8874 69.5N 1.0E 0 206
12 -23 2068 Nov 24 21:32:30 133 852 P 1.0299 0.9109 68.5N 131.1W 0 194
13 -22 2086 Dec 06 05:38:55 173 1075 P 1.0194 0.9271 67.4N 96.2E 0 182
14 -21 2104 Dec 17 13:48:27 215 1298 A+ 1.0120 0.9381 66.4N 36.6W 0 171 - -
15 -20 2122 Dec 28 22:00:56 258 1521 A+ 1.0072 0.9450 65.3N 169.8W 0 161 - -
16 -19 2141 Jan 08 06:12:38 304 1744 A+ 1.0024 0.9522 64.3N 57.7E 0 151 - -
17 -18 2159 Jan 19 14:23:26 347 1967 A+ 0.9974 0.9600 63.4N 74.2W 0 141 - -
18 -17 2177 Jan 29 22:30:30 387 2190 An 0.9897 0.9212 57.6N 165.1E 7 140 - 06m55s
19 -16 2195 Feb 10 06:34:27 430 2413 An 0.9797 0.9218 55.2N 41.6E 11 136 - 06m52s
20 -15 2213 Feb 21 14:30:14 474 2636 A 0.9635 0.9230 53.4N 78.6W 15 133 1080 06m44s
21 -14 2231 Mar 04 22:20:24 520 2859 A 0.9430 0.9246 52.4N 163.0E 19 130 838 06m32s
22 -13 2249 Mar 15 06:00:45 568 3082 A 0.9149 0.9266 52.0N 48.4E 23 128 666 06m18s
23 -12 2267 Mar 26 13:33:45 619 3305 A 0.8810 0.9289 52.3N 63.7W 28 128 549 06m03s
24 -11 2285 Apr 05 20:55:23 671 3528 A 0.8379 0.9315 52.9N 171.4W 33 129 459 05m50s
25 -10 2303 Apr 18 04:09:26 726 3751 A 0.7889 0.9341 53.8N 83.7E 38 132 393 05m38s
26 -09 2321 Apr 28 11:12:59 783 3974 A 0.7315 0.9367 54.5N 17.0W 43 136 341 05m30s
27 -08 2339 May 09 18:08:04 841 4197 A 0.6672 0.9392 54.7N 114.5W 48 143 300 05m24s
28 -07 2357 May 20 00:54:23 902 4420 A 0.5961 0.9415 53.9N 151.0E 53 150 269 05m24s
29 -06 2375 May 31 07:34:33 965 4643 A 0.5200 0.9436 52.0N 57.9E 58 158 243 05m26s
30 -05 2393 Jun 10 14:08:41 1030 4866 A 0.4389 0.9453 48.8N 34.4W 64 166 224 05m34s
31 -04 2411 Jun 21 20:37:43 1097 5089 A 0.3537 0.9467 44.2N 126.9W 69 173 210 05m46s
32 -03 2429 Jul 02 03:04:30 1166 5312 A 0.2668 0.9476 38.6N 139.6E 74 179 200 06m01s
33 -02 2447 Jul 13 09:29:35 1237 5535 A 0.1786 0.9481 32.2N 45.1E 80 183 194 06m18s
34 -01 2465 Jul 23 15:54:48 1310 5758 A 0.0904 0.9482 25.0N 50.6W 85 187 191 06m35s
35 00 2483 Aug 03 22:21:18 1386 5981 A 0.0030 0.9479 17.4N 147.7W 90 186 192 06m50s
36 01 2501 Aug 15 04:52:08 1463 6204 Am -0.0810 0.9471 9.5N 113.4E 85 13 195 07m01s
37 02 2519 Aug 26 11:27:49 1542 6427 A -0.1610 0.9460 1.4N 12.7E 81 15 201 07m08s
38 03 2537 Sep 05 18:08:59 1624 6650 A -0.2368 0.9446 6.7S 89.6W 76 17 210 07m11s
39 04 2555 Sep 17 00:58:18 1707 6873 A -0.3061 0.9429 14.8S 165.9E 72 18 221 07m10s
40 05 2573 Sep 27 07:55:50 1793 7096 A -0.3690 0.9411 22.7S 59.4E 68 19 233 07m06s
TD of
Seq. Rel. Calendar Greatest Luna Ecl. Ecl. Sun Sun Path Central
Num. Num. Date Eclipse ΔT Num. Type Gamma Mag. Lat. Long. Alt Azm Width Dur.
s ° ° ° ° km
41 06 2591 Oct 08 15:02:49 1881 7319 A -0.4245 0.9393 30.2S 49.1W 65 19 247 07m00s
42 07 2609 Oct 19 22:18:05 1971 7542 A -0.4734 0.9375 37.4S 159.2W 62 19 263 06m53s
43 08 2627 Oct 31 05:43:51 2062 7765 A -0.5140 0.9358 44.0S 89.1E 59 18 278 06m44s
44 09 2645 Nov 10 13:18:36 2156 7988 A -0.5477 0.9344 49.9S 23.6W 57 15 293 06m35s
45 10 2663 Nov 21 21:02:01 2252 8211 A -0.5747 0.9333 54.9S 136.6W 55 11 305 06m26s
46 11 2681 Dec 02 04:53:55 2350 8434 A -0.5952 0.9326 58.6S 110.4E 53 5 314 06m18s
47 12 2699 Dec 13 12:52:50 2451 8657 A -0.6106 0.9325 60.9S 2.3W 52 356 320 06m08s
48 13 2717 Dec 24 20:58:06 2553 8880 A -0.6210 0.9329 61.5S 115.6W 51 347 321 06m00s
49 14 2736 Jan 05 05:06:12 2657 9103 A -0.6300 0.9340 60.6S 130.0E 51 338 318 05m50s
50 15 2754 Jan 15 13:18:44 2764 9326 A -0.6358 0.9356 58.3S 13.1E 50 331 310 05m39s
51 16 2772 Jan 26 21:31:18 2872 9549 A -0.6426 0.9378 55.2S 105.7W 50 326 300 05m26s
52 17 2790 Feb 06 05:44:15 2982 9772 A -0.6495 0.9407 51.5S 133.7E 49 323 286 05m12s
53 18 2808 Feb 17 13:53:37 3095 9995 A -0.6601 0.9441 47.8S 12.9E 48 321 271 04m56s
54 19 2826 Feb 27 22:01:00 3210 10218 A -0.6729 0.9480 44.2S 108.3W 47 320 254 04m38s
55 20 2844 Mar 10 06:02:50 3326 10441 A -0.6913 0.9523 41.0S 131.5E 46 321 236 04m18s
56 21 2862 Mar 21 13:59:08 3445 10664 A -0.7148 0.9570 38.5S 12.4E 44 322 218 03m55s
57 22 2880 Mar 31 21:48:29 3566 10887 A -0.7447 0.9619 36.8S 105.1W 42 324 201 03m32s
58 23 2898 Apr 12 05:31:42 3689 11110 A -0.7801 0.9669 36.2S 138.9E 38 326 185 03m06s
59 24 2916 Apr 23 13:07:22 3814 11333 A -0.8223 0.9718 37.1S 24.8E 34 329 173 02m39s
60 25 2934 May 04 20:36:37 3941 11556 A -0.8706 0.9764 39.7S 87.5W 29 331 168 02m12s
61 26 2952 May 15 03:59:11 4070 11779 A -0.9249 0.9803 44.9S 162.2E 22 334 182 01m46s
62 27 2970 May 26 11:17:06 4202 12002 A -0.9834 0.9826 55.7S 55.7E 10 334 362 01m26s
63 28 2988 Jun 05 18:28:53 4335 12225 P -1.0476 0.9018 64.8S 51.6W 0 335
64 29 3006 Jun 18 01:38:21 4470 12448 P -1.1143 0.7829 65.8S 168.4W 0 345
65 30 3024 Jun 28 08:44:29 4608 12671 P -1.1841 0.6570 66.8S 75.2E 0 355
66 31 3042 Jul 09 15:51:12 4747 12894 P -1.2542 0.5293 67.8S 41.7W 0 5
67 32 3060 Jul 19 22:56:05 4889 13117 P -1.3262 0.3971 68.8S 158.6W 0 16
68 33 3078 Jul 31 06:04:38 5033 13340 P -1.3958 0.2684 69.7S 82.9E 0 28
69 34 3096 Aug 10 13:14:10 5178 13563 P -1.4650 0.1399 70.5S 36.3W 0 40
70 35 3114 Aug 22 20:29:10 5326 13786 Pe -1.5304 0.0178 71.1S 157.4W 0 52
[1] The Moon's orbit is inclined about 5 degrees to Earth's orbit around the Sun. The points where the lunar orbit intersects the plane of Earth's orbit are known as the nodes. The Moon moves from south to north of Earth's orbit at the ascending node, and from north to south at the descending node.
[2]Central solar eclipses are eclipses in which the central axis of the Moon's shadow strikes the Earth's surface. All partial (penumbral) eclipses are non-central eclipses since the shadow axis misses Earth. However, umbral eclipses (total, annular and hybrid) may be either central (usually) or non-central (rarely).
[3]Hybrid eclipses are also known as annular/total eclipses. Such an eclipse is both total and annular along different sections of its umbral path. For more information, see Five Millennium Catalog of Hybrid Solar Eclipses .
[4]Greatest eclipse is defined as the instant when the axis of the Moon's shadow passes closest to the Earth's center. For total eclipses, the instant of greatest eclipse is virtually identical to the instants of greatest magnitude and greatest duration. However, for annular eclipses, the instant of greatest duration may occur at either the time of greatest eclipse or near the sunrise and sunset points of the eclipse path.
The Gregorian calendar is used for all dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates. The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions ). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..
The coordinates of the Sun used in these predictions are based on the VSOP87 theory [Bretagnon and Francou, 1988]. The Moon's coordinates are based on the ELP-2000/82 theory [Chapront-Touze and Chapront, 1983]. For more information, see: Solar and Lunar Ephemerides. The revised value used for the Moon's secular acceleration is n-dot = -25.858 arc-sec/cy*cy, as deduced from the Apollo lunar laser ranging experiment (Chapront, Chapront-Touze, and Francou, 2002).
The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:
A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -1999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.
Special thanks to Dan McGlaun for extracting the individual eclipse maps from the Five Millennium Canon of Solar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 for use in this catalog and for preparing the Saros series animations from these maps.
The Besselian elements used in the predictions were kindly provided by Jean Meeus. All eclipse calculations are by Fred Espenak, and he assumes full responsibility for their accuracy. Some of the information presented on this web site is based on data originally published in Five Millennium Canon of Solar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000
Permission is freely granted to reproduce this data when accompanied by an acknowledgment:
"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak and Jean Meeus (NASA's GSFC)"
