Saros Series Catalog of Solar Eclipses

Saros Series 155

Introduction

The periodicity and recurrence of solar eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node[1] with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and at the same time of year. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 13 centuries and contains 70 or more eclipses. Every saros series begins with a number of partial eclipses near one of Earth's polar regions. The series will then produce several dozen central[2] eclipses before ending with a group of partial eclipses near the opposite pole. For more information, see Periodicity of Solar Eclipses.


Statistics for Solar Eclipses of Saros 155

Solar eclipses of Saros 155 all occur at the Moon’s ascending node and the Moon moves southward with each eclipse. The series began with a partial eclipse in the northern hemisphere on 1928 Jun 17. The series will end with a partial eclipse in the southern hemisphere on 3190 Jul 24. The total duration of Saros series 155 is 1262.11 years. In summary:

                      First Eclipse =   1928 Jun 17   20:27:28 TD
                       Last Eclipse =   3190 Jul 24   16:25:00 TD

                      Duration of Saros 155  =  1262.11 Years

Saros 155 is composed of 71 solar eclipses as follows:

Solar Eclipses of Saros 155
Eclipse Type Symbol Number Percent
All Eclipses - 71100.0%
PartialP 15 21.1%
AnnularA 20 28.2%
TotalT 33 46.5%
Hybrid[3]H 3 4.2%

Umbral eclipses (annular, total and hybrid) can be further classified as either: 1) Central (two limits), 2) Central (one limit) or 3) Non-Central (one limit). The statistical distribution of these classes in Saros series 155 appears in the following table.

Umbral Eclipses of Saros 155
Classification Number Percent
All Umbral Eclipses 56100.0%
Central (two limits) 55 98.2%
Central (one limit) 0 0.0%
Non-Central (one limit) 1 1.8%

The following string illustrates the sequence of the 71 eclipses in Saros 155: 8P 33T 3H 20A 7P

The longest and shortest central eclipses of Saros 155 as well as largest and smallest partial eclipses are listed in the below.

Extreme Durations and Magnitudes of Solar Eclipses of Saros 155
Extrema Type Date Duration Magnitude
Longest Annular Solar Eclipse 3046 Apr 2805m31s -
Shortest Annular Solar Eclipse 2721 Oct 1300m34s -
Longest Total Solar Eclipse 2162 Nov 0704m05s -
Shortest Total Solar Eclipse 2649 Aug 3002m01s -
Longest Hybrid Solar Eclipse 2667 Sep 1001m22s -
Shortest Hybrid Solar Eclipse 2703 Oct 0300m03s -
Largest Partial Solar Eclipse 2054 Sep 02 - 0.97930
Smallest Partial Solar Eclipse 3190 Jul 24 - 0.03421

Description of the Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 155

The catalog below lists concise details and local circumstances at greatest eclipse[5] for every solar eclipse in Saros 155. A description or explanation of each parameter listed in the catalog can be found in Key to Catalog of Solar Eclipse Saros Series.

Several fields in the catalog link to web pages or files containing additional information for each eclipse (for the years -1999 through +3000). The following gives a brief explanation of each link.


For an animation showing how the eclipse path changes with each member of the series, see Animation of Saros 155.



Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 155

                         TD of
 Seq. Rel.   Calendar   Greatest          Luna  Ecl.           Ecl.                Sun Path  Central
 Num. Num.     Date      Eclipse     ΔT   Num.  Type  Gamma    Mag.    Lat   Long  Alt Width   Dur.
                                      s                                 °      °     °    km

09347 -36  1928 Jun 17  20:27:28     24   -885   Pb   1.5107  0.0375  65.6N  70.6E   0             
09390 -35  1946 Jun 29  03:51:58     28   -662   P    1.4361  0.1802  66.6N  50.8W   0             
09430 -34  1964 Jul 09  11:17:53     35   -439   P    1.3623  0.3221  67.6N 172.9W   0             
09470 -33  1982 Jul 20  18:44:44     53   -216   P    1.2886  0.4643  68.6N  64.2E   0             
09509 -32  2000 Jul 31  02:14:08     64      7   P    1.2166  0.6034  69.5N  59.9W   0             
09549 -31  2018 Aug 11  09:47:28     71    230   P    1.1476  0.7368  70.4N 174.5E   0             
09589 -30  2036 Aug 21  17:25:45     82    453   P    1.0825  0.8622  71.1N  47.0E   0             
09629 -29  2054 Sep 02  01:09:34    102    676   P    1.0215  0.9793  71.7N  82.3W   0             
09670 -28  2072 Sep 12  08:59:20    141    899   T    0.9655  1.0558  69.8N 102.0E  14  732  03m13s
09711 -27  2090 Sep 23  16:56:36    181   1122   T    0.9157  1.0562  60.7N  40.5W  23  463  03m36s

09752 -26  2108 Oct 05  01:01:20    223   1345   T    0.8722  1.0551  52.5N 172.0W  29  371  03m50s
09793 -25  2126 Oct 16  09:12:51    268   1568   T    0.8345  1.0534  45.3N  58.6E  33  319  04m00s
09834 -24  2144 Oct 26  17:32:40    314   1791   T    0.8037  1.0512  39.2N  71.2W  36  284  04m04s
09876 -23  2162 Nov 07  01:59:40    356   2014   T    0.7788  1.0489  34.1N 158.3E  39  258  04m05s
09919 -22  2180 Nov 17  10:34:02    396   2237   T    0.7605  1.0465  30.1N  26.5E  40  238  04m03s
09963 -21  2198 Nov 28  19:12:46    439   2460   T    0.7459  1.0442  26.9N 106.0W  42  221  03m58s
10007 -20  2216 Dec 10  03:57:52    483   2683   T    0.7367  1.0421  24.8N 120.2E  42  208  03m51s
10051 -19  2234 Dec 21  12:46:02    530   2906   T    0.7299  1.0403  23.5N  14.1W  43  197  03m42s
10096 -18  2252 Dec 31  21:37:06    579   3129   T    0.7258  1.0389  23.1N 149.1W  43  189  03m33s
10141 -17  2271 Jan 12  06:28:08    630   3352   T    0.7217  1.0379  23.3N  76.0E  44  182  03m25s

10187 -16  2289 Jan 22  15:19:25    683   3575   T    0.7181  1.0374  24.3N  58.9W  44  178  03m18s
10232 -15  2307 Feb 04  00:08:01    738   3798   T    0.7125  1.0373  25.7N 166.9E  44  176  03m12s
10277 -14  2325 Feb 14  08:52:36    795   4021   T    0.7038  1.0378  27.5N  33.9E  45  175  03m08s
10322 -13  2343 Feb 25  17:32:18    854   4244   T    0.6913  1.0385  29.6N  97.7W  46  175  03m06s
10368 -12  2361 Mar 08  02:05:56    915   4467   T    0.6743  1.0396  31.9N 132.7E  47  176  03m06s
10412 -11  2379 Mar 19  10:31:47    978   4690   T    0.6512  1.0409  34.3N   5.6E  49  177  03m07s
10456 -10  2397 Mar 29  18:49:52   1044   4913   T    0.6221  1.0423  36.7N 118.9W  51  178  03m11s
10499 -09  2415 Apr 10  02:59:35   1111   5136   T    0.5866  1.0436  38.9N 119.6E  54  178  03m15s
10542 -08  2433 Apr 20  11:01:32   1181   5359   T    0.5450  1.0449  40.8N   0.9E  57  177  03m21s
10585 -07  2451 May 01  18:53:37   1252   5582   T    0.4958  1.0459  42.1N 114.3W  60  175  03m28s

10628 -06  2469 May 12  02:39:07   1326   5805   T    0.4417  1.0466  42.6N 132.9E  64  172  03m36s
10671 -05  2487 May 23  10:16:15   1402   6028   T    0.3811  1.0467  42.1N  22.6E  67  168  03m43s
10713 -04  2505 Jun 03  17:48:02   1479   6251   T    0.3165  1.0464  40.5N  86.3W  71  163  03m50s
10754 -03  2523 Jun 15  01:12:30   1559   6474   T    0.2464  1.0453  37.5N 166.2E  76  156  03m56s
10795 -02  2541 Jun 25  08:33:57   1641   6697   T    0.1743  1.0437  33.5N  58.6E  80  148  03m58s
10835 -01  2559 Jul 06  15:50:37   1725   6920   Tm   0.0992  1.0412  28.4N  48.9W  84  139  03m55s
10875  00  2577 Jul 16  23:05:23   1811   7143   T    0.0230  1.0382  22.5N 156.8W  89  128  03m47s
10915  01  2595 Jul 28  06:18:18   1900   7366   T   -0.0539  1.0343  15.8N  94.8E  87  116  03m30s
10956  02  2613 Aug 08  13:32:05   1990   7589   T   -0.1292  1.0300   8.7N  14.5W  83  102  03m07s
10997  03  2631 Aug 19  20:47:03   2082   7812   T   -0.2025  1.0249   1.2N 124.7W  78   86  02m36s


Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 155

                         TD of
 Seq. Rel.   Calendar   Greatest          Luna  Ecl.           Ecl.                Sun Path  Central
 Num. Num.     Date      Eclipse     ΔT   Num.  Type  Gamma    Mag.    Lat   Long  Alt Width   Dur.
                                      s                                 °      °     °    km

11037  04  2649 Aug 30  04:03:55   2176   8035   T   -0.2732  1.0194   6.5S 124.2E  74   69  02m01s
11078  05  2667 Sep 10  11:25:05   2273   8258   H   -0.3393  1.0134  14.2S  11.7E  70   49  01m22s
11119  06  2685 Sep 20  18:50:12   2371   8481   H   -0.4011  1.0071  22.0S 101.7W  66   27  00m42s
11161  07  2703 Oct 03  02:21:25   2472   8704   H   -0.4570  1.0006  29.6S 143.4E  63    2  00m03s
11203  08  2721 Oct 13  09:57:38   2575   8927   A   -0.5077  0.9940  37.0S  27.6E  59   24  00m34s
11246  09  2739 Oct 24  17:41:47   2679   9150   A   -0.5510  0.9874  43.9S  89.4W  56   53  01m08s
11289  10  2757 Nov 04  01:31:50   2786   9373   A   -0.5886  0.9811  50.4S 153.2E  54   83  01m39s
11334  11  2775 Nov 15  09:29:02   2895   9596   A   -0.6195  0.9750  56.1S  35.8E  51  114  02m07s
11379  12  2793 Nov 25  17:32:25   3006   9819   A   -0.6447  0.9693  60.9S  80.9W  50  145  02m32s
11424  13  2811 Dec 07  01:42:19   3119  10042   A   -0.6641  0.9640  64.3S 163.6E  48  175  02m55s

11469  14  2829 Dec 17  09:56:19   3234  10265   A   -0.6793  0.9594  66.1S  49.5E  47  202  03m15s
11515  15  2847 Dec 28  18:13:42   3351  10488   A   -0.6911  0.9552  66.1S  64.7W  46  227  03m34s
11561  16  2866 Jan 08  02:33:07   3471  10711   A   -0.7007  0.9518  64.5S 179.3E  45  248  03m51s
11608  17  2884 Jan 19  10:53:53   3592  10934   A   -0.7088  0.9489  61.7S  60.4E  45  265  04m07s
11655  18  2902 Jan 30  19:12:16   3715  11157   A   -0.7182  0.9466  58.3S  60.1W  44  280  04m21s
11701  19  2920 Feb 11  03:28:36   3841  11380   A   -0.7285  0.9449  54.6S 178.1E  43  293  04m34s
11746  20  2938 Feb 21  11:39:31   3968  11603   A   -0.7427  0.9436  51.1S  56.6E  42  306  04m46s
11790  21  2956 Mar 03  19:46:05   4098  11826   A   -0.7598  0.9428  47.8S  64.6W  40  318  04m57s
11834  22  2974 Mar 15  03:43:12   4230  12049   A   -0.7841  0.9422  45.4S 176.4E  38  335  05m07s
11878  23  2992 Mar 25  11:34:16   4363  12272   A   -0.8128  0.9419  43.8S  58.8E  35  358  05m17s

-----  24  3010 Apr 06  19:14:31   4499  12495   A   -0.8494  0.9415  43.5S  55.9W  32  398  05m25s
-----  25  3028 Apr 17  02:47:00   4637  12718   A   -0.8919  0.9411  44.9S 168.2W  27  469  05m30s
-----  26  3046 Apr 28  10:07:53   4777  12941   A   -0.9431  0.9399  49.2S  83.9E  19  660  05m31s
-----  27  3064 May 08  17:21:18   4919  13164   A-  -0.9997  0.9639  62.6S   7.7W   0             
-----  28  3082 May 20  00:24:26   5063  13387   P   -1.0640  0.8539  63.4S 122.0W   0             
-----  29  3100 May 31  07:19:28   5209  13610   P   -1.1341  0.7339  64.3S 125.4E   0             
-----  30  3118 Jun 11  14:06:32   5358  13833   P   -1.2095  0.6044  65.2S  14.6E   0             
-----  31  3136 Jun 21  20:47:51   5508  14056   P   -1.2886  0.4685  66.2S  95.2W   0             
-----  32  3154 Jul 03  03:23:41   5660  14279   P   -1.3714  0.3265  67.2S 156.0E   0             
-----  33  3172 Jul 13  09:55:26   5815  14502   P   -1.4563  0.1808  68.2S  47.7E   0             

-----  34  3190 Jul 24  16:25:00   5971  14725   Pe  -1.5419  0.0342  69.2S  60.6W   0             


Calendar

The Gregorian calendar is used for all dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates. The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions ). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..


Predictions

The coordinates of the Sun used in these predictions are based on the VSOP87 theory [Bretagnon and Francou, 1988]. The Moon's coordinates are based on the ELP-2000/82 theory [Chapront-Touze and Chapront, 1983]. For more information, see: Solar and Lunar Ephemerides. The revised value used for the Moon's secular acceleration is n-dot = -25.858 arc-sec/cy*cy, as deduced from the Apollo lunar laser ranging experiment (Chapront, Chapront-Touze, and Francou, 2002).

The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:

  1. pre-1950's: ΔT calculated from empirical fits to historical records derived by Morrison and Stephenson (2004)
  2. 1955-present: ΔT obtained from published observations
  3. future: ΔT is extrapolated from current values weighted by the long term trend from tidal effects

A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -1999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.


Footnotes

[1] The Moon's orbit is inclined about 5 degrees to Earth's orbit around the Sun. The points where the lunar orbit intersects the plane of Earth's orbit are known as the nodes. The Moon moves from south to north of Earth's orbit at the ascending node, and from north to south at the descending node.

[2]Central solar eclipses are eclipses in which the central axis of the Moon's shadow strikes the Earth's surface. All partial (penumbral) eclipses are non-central eclipses since the shadow axis misses Earth. However, umbral eclipses (total, annular and hybrid) may be either central (usually) or non-central (rarely).

[3]Hybrid eclipses are also known as annular/total eclipses. Such an eclipse is both total and annular along different sections of its umbral path. For more information, see Five Millennium Catalog of Hybrid Solar Eclipses .

[4]Greatest eclipse is defined as the instant when the axis of the Moon's shadow passes closest to Earth's center. For total eclipses, the instant of greatest eclipse is nearly equal to the instants of greatest magnitude and greatest duration. However, for annular eclipses, the instant of greatest duration may occur at either the time of greatest eclipse or near the sunrise and sunset points of the eclipse path.


Acknowledgments

The information presented on this web page is based on data published in Five Millennium Canon of Solar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 and Five Millennium Catalog of Solar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000. The individual global maps appearing in links (both GIF an animation) were extracted from full page plates appearing in Five Millennium Canon by Dan McGlaun. The Besselian elements were provided by Jean Meeus. Fred Espenak assumes full responsibility for the accuracy of all eclipse calculations.

Permission is freely granted to reproduce this data when accompanied by an acknowledgment:

"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak (NASA's GSFC)"


Return to:

Saros Series Catalog of Solar Eclipses

Periodicity of Solar Eclipses

Five Millennium Catalog of Solar Eclipses

2009 Sep 26