The periodicity and recurrence of solar (and lunar) eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node[1] with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and at the same time of year. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 13 centuries and contains 70 or more eclipses. Every saros series begins with a number of partial eclipses near one of Earth's polar regions. The series will then produce several dozen central[2] eclipses before ending with a group of partial eclipses near the opposite pole.
Solar eclipses of Saros 155 all occur at the Moon’s ascending node and the Moon moves southward with each eclipse. The series began with a partial eclipse in the northern hemisphere on 1928 Jun 17. The series will end with a partial eclipse in the southern hemisphere on 3190 Jul 24. The total duration of Saros series 155 is 1262.11 years. In summary:
First Eclipse = 1928 Jun 17 20:27:28 TD
Last Eclipse = 3190 Jul 24 16:25:00 TD
Duration of Saros 155 = 1262.11 Years
Saros 155 is composed of 71 solar eclipses as follows:
| Solar Eclipses of Saros 155 | |||
| Eclipse Type | Symbol | Number | Percent |
| All Eclipses | - | 71 | 100.0% |
| Partial | P | 15 | 21.1% |
| Annular | A | 20 | 28.2% |
| Total | T | 33 | 46.5% |
| Hybrid[3] | H | 3 | 4.2% |
Umbral eclipses (annular, total and hybrid) can be further classified as either: 1) Central (two limits), 2) Central (one limit) or 3) Non-Central (one limit). The statistical distribution of these classes in Saros series 155 appears in the following table.
| Umbral Eclipses of Saros 155 | ||
| Classification | Number | Percent |
| All Umbral Eclipses | 56 | 100.0% |
| Central (two limits) | 55 | 98.2% |
| Central (one limit) | 0 | 0.0% |
| Non-Central (one limit) | 1 | 1.8% |
The following string illustrates the sequence of the 71 eclipses in Saros 155: 8P 33T 3H 20A 7P
The longest and shortest eclipses of Saros 155 as well as other eclipse extrema are listed below.
Longest Total Solar Eclipse: 2162 Nov 07 Duration = 04m05s
Shortest Total Solar Eclipse: 2649 Aug 30 Duration = 02m01s
Longest Annular Solar Eclipse: 3046 Apr 28 Duration = 05m31s
Shortest Annular Solar Eclipse: 2721 Oct 13 Duration = 00m34s
Longest Hybrid Solar Eclipse: 2667 Sep 10 Duration = 01m22s
Shortest Hybrid Solar Eclipse: 2703 Oct 03 Duration = 00m03s
Largest Partial Solar Eclipse: 2054 Sep 02 Magnitude = 0.9793
Smallest Partial Solar Eclipse: 3190 Jul 24 Magnitude = 0.0342
Local circumstances at greatest eclipse[4] for every eclipse of Saros 155 are presented in the following catalog. The sequence number in the first column links to a global map showing regions of eclipse visibility. A detailed key and additional information about the catalog can be found at: Key to Catalog of Solar Eclipse Saros Series.
For an animation showing how the eclipse path changes with each member of the series, see Saros 155 Animation.
TD of
Seq. Rel. Calendar Greatest Luna Ecl. Ecl. Sun Sun Path Central
Num. Num. Date Eclipse ΔT Num. Type Gamma Mag. Lat. Long. Alt Azm Width Dur.
s ° ° ° ° km
01 -36 1928 Jun 17 20:27:28 24 -885 Pb 1.5107 0.0375 65.6N 70.6E 0 16
02 -35 1946 Jun 29 03:51:58 28 -662 P 1.4361 0.1802 66.6N 50.8W 0 6
03 -34 1964 Jul 09 11:17:53 35 -439 P 1.3623 0.3221 67.6N 172.9W 0 355
04 -33 1982 Jul 20 18:44:44 53 -216 P 1.2886 0.4643 68.6N 64.2E 0 345
05 -32 2000 Jul 31 02:14:08 64 7 P 1.2166 0.6034 69.5N 59.9W 0 333
06 -31 2018 Aug 11 09:47:28 70 230 P 1.1476 0.7368 70.4N 174.5E 0 321
07 -30 2036 Aug 21 17:25:45 81 453 P 1.0825 0.8622 71.1N 47.0E 0 309
08 -29 2054 Sep 02 01:09:34 103 676 P 1.0215 0.9793 71.7N 82.3W 0 296
09 -28 2072 Sep 12 08:59:20 141 899 T 0.9655 1.0558 69.8N 102.0E 14 240 732 03m13s
10 -27 2090 Sep 23 16:56:36 181 1122 T 0.9157 1.0562 60.7N 40.5W 23 218 463 03m36s
11 -26 2108 Oct 05 01:01:20 224 1345 T 0.8722 1.0551 52.5N 172.0W 29 209 371 03m50s
12 -25 2126 Oct 16 09:12:51 268 1568 T 0.8345 1.0534 45.3N 58.6E 33 203 319 04m00s
13 -24 2144 Oct 26 17:32:40 314 1791 T 0.8037 1.0512 39.2N 71.2W 36 198 284 04m04s
14 -23 2162 Nov 07 01:59:40 356 2014 T 0.7788 1.0489 34.1N 158.3E 39 193 258 04m05s
15 -22 2180 Nov 17 10:34:02 396 2237 T 0.7605 1.0465 30.1N 26.5E 40 189 238 04m03s
16 -21 2198 Nov 28 19:12:46 439 2460 T 0.7459 1.0442 26.9N 106.0W 42 184 221 03m58s
17 -20 2216 Dec 10 03:57:52 483 2683 T 0.7367 1.0421 24.8N 120.2E 42 180 208 03m51s
18 -19 2234 Dec 21 12:46:02 530 2906 T 0.7299 1.0403 23.5N 14.1W 43 175 197 03m42s
19 -18 2252 Dec 31 21:37:06 579 3129 T 0.7258 1.0389 23.1N 149.1W 43 170 189 03m33s
20 -17 2271 Jan 12 06:28:08 630 3352 T 0.7217 1.0379 23.3N 76.0E 44 165 182 03m25s
21 -16 2289 Jan 22 15:19:25 683 3575 T 0.7181 1.0374 24.3N 58.9W 44 161 178 03m18s
22 -15 2307 Feb 04 00:08:01 738 3798 T 0.7125 1.0373 25.7N 166.9E 44 156 176 03m12s
23 -14 2325 Feb 14 08:52:36 795 4021 T 0.7038 1.0378 27.5N 33.9E 45 152 175 03m08s
24 -13 2343 Feb 25 17:32:18 854 4244 T 0.6913 1.0385 29.6N 97.7W 46 149 175 03m06s
25 -12 2361 Mar 08 02:05:56 915 4467 T 0.6743 1.0396 31.9N 132.7E 47 146 176 03m06s
26 -11 2379 Mar 19 10:31:47 978 4690 T 0.6512 1.0409 34.3N 5.6E 49 144 177 03m07s
27 -10 2397 Mar 29 18:49:52 1044 4913 T 0.6221 1.0423 36.7N 118.9W 51 144 178 03m11s
28 -09 2415 Apr 10 02:59:35 1111 5136 T 0.5866 1.0436 38.9N 119.6E 54 144 178 03m15s
29 -08 2433 Apr 20 11:01:32 1181 5359 T 0.5450 1.0449 40.8N 0.9E 57 146 177 03m21s
30 -07 2451 May 01 18:53:37 1252 5582 T 0.4958 1.0459 42.1N 114.3W 60 149 175 03m28s
31 -06 2469 May 12 02:39:07 1326 5805 T 0.4417 1.0466 42.6N 132.9E 64 153 172 03m36s
32 -05 2487 May 23 10:16:15 1402 6028 T 0.3811 1.0467 42.1N 22.6E 67 159 168 03m43s
33 -04 2505 Jun 03 17:48:02 1479 6251 T 0.3165 1.0464 40.5N 86.3W 71 165 163 03m50s
34 -03 2523 Jun 15 01:12:30 1559 6474 T 0.2464 1.0453 37.5N 166.2E 76 171 156 03m56s
35 -02 2541 Jun 25 08:33:57 1641 6697 T 0.1743 1.0437 33.5N 58.6E 80 176 148 03m58s
36 -01 2559 Jul 06 15:50:37 1725 6920 Tm 0.0992 1.0412 28.4N 48.9W 84 181 139 03m55s
37 00 2577 Jul 16 23:05:23 1811 7143 T 0.0230 1.0382 22.5N 156.8W 89 184 128 03m47s
38 01 2595 Jul 28 06:18:18 1900 7366 T -0.0539 1.0343 15.8N 94.8E 87 9 116 03m30s
39 02 2613 Aug 08 13:32:05 1990 7589 T -0.1292 1.0300 8.7N 14.5W 83 11 102 03m07s
40 03 2631 Aug 19 20:47:03 2082 7812 T -0.2025 1.0249 1.2N 124.7W 78 14 86 02m36s
TD of
Seq. Rel. Calendar Greatest Luna Ecl. Ecl. Sun Sun Path Central
Num. Num. Date Eclipse ΔT Num. Type Gamma Mag. Lat. Long. Alt Azm Width Dur.
s ° ° ° ° km
41 04 2649 Aug 30 04:03:55 2176 8035 T -0.2732 1.0194 6.5S 124.2E 74 16 69 02m01s
42 05 2667 Sep 10 11:25:05 2273 8258 H -0.3393 1.0134 14.2S 11.7E 70 18 49 01m22s
43 06 2685 Sep 20 18:50:12 2371 8481 H -0.4011 1.0071 22.0S 101.7W 66 19 27 00m42s
44 07 2703 Oct 03 02:21:25 2472 8704 H -0.4570 1.0006 29.6S 143.4E 63 20 2 00m03s
45 08 2721 Oct 13 09:57:38 2575 8927 A -0.5077 0.9940 37.0S 27.6E 59 20 24 00m34s
46 09 2739 Oct 24 17:41:47 2679 9150 A -0.5510 0.9874 43.9S 89.4W 56 20 53 01m08s
47 10 2757 Nov 04 01:31:50 2786 9373 A -0.5886 0.9811 50.4S 153.2E 54 18 83 01m39s
48 11 2775 Nov 15 09:29:02 2895 9596 A -0.6195 0.9750 56.1S 35.8E 51 15 114 02m07s
49 12 2793 Nov 25 17:32:25 3006 9819 A -0.6447 0.9693 60.9S 80.9W 50 10 145 02m32s
50 13 2811 Dec 07 01:42:19 3119 10042 A -0.6641 0.9640 64.3S 163.6E 48 2 175 02m55s
51 14 2829 Dec 17 09:56:19 3234 10265 A -0.6793 0.9594 66.1S 49.5E 47 351 202 03m15s
52 15 2847 Dec 28 18:13:42 3351 10488 A -0.6911 0.9552 66.1S 64.7W 46 340 227 03m34s
53 16 2866 Jan 08 02:33:07 3471 10711 A -0.7007 0.9518 64.5S 179.3E 45 331 248 03m51s
54 17 2884 Jan 19 10:53:53 3592 10934 A -0.7088 0.9489 61.7S 60.4E 45 324 265 04m07s
55 18 2902 Jan 30 19:12:16 3715 11157 A -0.7182 0.9466 58.3S 60.1W 44 319 280 04m21s
56 19 2920 Feb 11 03:28:36 3841 11380 A -0.7285 0.9449 54.6S 178.1E 43 317 293 04m34s
57 20 2938 Feb 21 11:39:31 3968 11603 A -0.7427 0.9436 51.1S 56.6E 42 316 306 04m46s
58 21 2956 Mar 03 19:46:05 4098 11826 A -0.7598 0.9428 47.8S 64.6W 40 316 318 04m57s
59 22 2974 Mar 15 03:43:12 4230 12049 A -0.7841 0.9422 45.4S 176.4E 38 317 335 05m07s
60 23 2992 Mar 25 11:34:16 4363 12272 A -0.8128 0.9419 43.8S 58.8E 35 318 358 05m17s
61 24 3010 Apr 06 19:14:31 4499 12495 A -0.8494 0.9415 43.5S 55.9W 32 320 398 05m25s
62 25 3028 Apr 17 02:47:00 4637 12718 A -0.8919 0.9411 44.9S 168.2W 27 322 469 05m30s
63 26 3046 Apr 28 10:07:53 4777 12941 A -0.9431 0.9399 49.2S 83.9E 19 322 660 05m31s
64 27 3064 May 08 17:21:18 4919 13164 A- -0.9997 0.9639 62.6S 7.7W 0 311 - -
65 28 3082 May 20 00:24:26 5063 13387 P -1.0640 0.8539 63.4S 122.0W 0 320
66 29 3100 May 31 07:19:28 5209 13610 P -1.1341 0.7339 64.3S 125.4E 0 329
67 30 3118 Jun 11 14:06:32 5358 13833 P -1.2095 0.6044 65.2S 14.6E 0 339
68 31 3136 Jun 21 20:47:51 5508 14056 P -1.2886 0.4685 66.2S 95.2W 0 348
69 32 3154 Jul 03 03:23:41 5660 14279 P -1.3714 0.3265 67.2S 156.0E 0 359
70 33 3172 Jul 13 09:55:26 5815 14502 P -1.4563 0.1808 68.2S 47.7E 0 9
71 34 3190 Jul 24 16:25:00 5971 14725 Pe -1.5419 0.0342 69.2S 60.6W 0 20
[1] The Moon's orbit is inclined about 5 degrees to Earth's orbit around the Sun. The points where the lunar orbit intersects the plane of Earth's orbit are known as the nodes. The Moon moves from south to north of Earth's orbit at the ascending node, and from north to south at the descending node.
[2]Central solar eclipses are eclipses in which the central axis of the Moon's shadow strikes the Earth's surface. All partial (penumbral) eclipses are non-central eclipses since the shadow axis misses Earth. However, umbral eclipses (total, annular and hybrid) may be either central (usually) or non-central (rarely).
[3]Hybrid eclipses are also known as annular/total eclipses. Such an eclipse is both total and annular along different sections of its umbral path. For more information, see Five Millennium Catalog of Hybrid Solar Eclipses .
[4]Greatest eclipse is defined as the instant when the axis of the Moon's shadow passes closest to the Earth's center. For total eclipses, the instant of greatest eclipse is virtually identical to the instants of greatest magnitude and greatest duration. However, for annular eclipses, the instant of greatest duration may occur at either the time of greatest eclipse or near the sunrise and sunset points of the eclipse path.
The Gregorian calendar is used for all dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates. The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions ). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..
The coordinates of the Sun used in these predictions are based on the VSOP87 theory [Bretagnon and Francou, 1988]. The Moon's coordinates are based on the ELP-2000/82 theory [Chapront-Touze and Chapront, 1983]. For more information, see: Solar and Lunar Ephemerides. The revised value used for the Moon's secular acceleration is n-dot = -25.858 arc-sec/cy*cy, as deduced from the Apollo lunar laser ranging experiment (Chapront, Chapront-Touze, and Francou, 2002).
The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:
A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -1999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.
Special thanks to Dan McGlaun for extracting the individual eclipse maps from the Five Millennium Canon of Solar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 for use in this catalog and for preparing the Saros series animations from these maps.
The Besselian elements used in the predictions were kindly provided by Jean Meeus. All eclipse calculations are by Fred Espenak, and he assumes full responsibility for their accuracy. Some of the information presented on this web site is based on data originally published in Five Millennium Canon of Solar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000
Permission is freely granted to reproduce this data when accompanied by an acknowledgment:
"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak and Jean Meeus (NASA's GSFC)"
