Catalog of Lunar Eclipse Saros Series

Saros Series 49

The periodicity and recurrence of lunar (and solar) eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node[1] with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and at the same time of year. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 15 centuries and contains 70 or more lunar eclipses.

Lunar eclipses of Saros 49 all occur at the Moon’s descending node and the Moon moves northward with each eclipse. The series began with a penumbral eclipse near the southern edge of the penumbra on -1217 Jun 21. The series ended with a penumbral eclipse near the northern edge of the penumbra on 0081 Aug 08. The total duration of Saros series 49 is 1298.17 years. In summary:

                      First Eclipse = -1217 Jun 21   08:08:20 TD
                       Last Eclipse =  0081 Aug 08   09:29:38 TD

                      Duration of Saros  49  =  1298.17 Years

Saros 49 is composed of 73 lunar eclipses as follows:

Lunar Eclipses of Saros 49
Eclipse Type Symbol Number Percent
All Eclipses - 73100.0%
PenumbralN 30 41.1%
PartialP 16 21.9%
TotalT 27 37.0%

The 73 lunar eclipses in Saros 49 occur in the order of 22N 9P 27T 7P 8N which corresponds to:

                                    22  Penumbral
                                     9  Partial
                                    27  Total
                                     7  Partial
                                     8  Penumbral

The longest and shortest eclipses of Saros 49 are as follows.

            Longest  Total  Lunar Eclipse:   -0532 Aug 05      Duration = 01h42m24s
           Shortest  Total  Lunar Eclipse:   -0658 May 22      Duration = 00h09m06s

            Longest Partial Lunar Eclipse:   -0171 Mar 10      Duration = 03h24m49s
           Shortest Partial Lunar Eclipse:   -0820 Feb 15      Duration = 00h49m08s

          Longest Penumbral Lunar Eclipse:   -0045 May 25      Duration = 04h47m44s
         Shortest Penumbral Lunar Eclipse:    0081 Aug 08      Duration = 00h47m17s

The largest and smallest magnitude partial eclipses of Saros 49 are:

            Largest Partial Lunar Eclipse:   -0171 Mar 10      Magnitude = 0.9505
           Smallest Partial Lunar Eclipse:   -0820 Feb 15      Magnitude = 0.0503

Local circumstances at greatest eclipse[2] for every lunar eclipse of Saros 49 are presented in the following catalog. For eclipses occurring between the years -1999 to +3000 (2000 BCE to 3000 CE), the sequence number in the first column links to a eclipse geometry diagram and a map from Five Millennium Canon of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000. A detailed key and additional information about the catalog can be found at: Key to Catalog of Lunar Eclipse Saros Series.



Catalog of Lunar Eclipses in Saros 49

                          TD of                                                          Phase
Seq. Rel.    Calendar   Greatest          Luna  Ecl.               Pen.    Um.    ---- Durations ---- 
Num. Num.      Date      Eclipse     ΔT    Num  Type QSE  Gamma    Mag.    Mag.    Pen.   Par.  Total
                                      s                                              m      m      m

 01  -38  -1217 Jun 21  08:08:20  29356 -39784   Nb  a-  -1.5092  0.0615 -0.8846   66.2    -      -  
 02  -37  -1199 Jul 01  15:37:46  29008 -39561   N   a-  -1.4404  0.1879 -0.7586  114.2    -      -  
 03  -36  -1181 Jul 12  23:13:29  28662 -39338   N   a-  -1.3764  0.3058 -0.6417  143.9    -      -  
 04  -35  -1163 Jul 23  06:54:47  28318 -39115   N   a-  -1.3170  0.4155 -0.5334  166.0    -      -  
 05  -34  -1145 Aug 03  14:44:08  27977 -38892   N   a-  -1.2640  0.5139 -0.4370  182.8    -      -  
 06  -33  -1127 Aug 13  22:39:49  27637 -38669   N   a-  -1.2162  0.6027 -0.3505  196.2    -      -  
 07  -32  -1109 Aug 25  06:44:53  27299 -38446   N   a-  -1.1763  0.6772 -0.2786  206.4    -      -  
 08  -31  -1091 Sep 04  14:57:34  26964 -38223   N   a-  -1.1428  0.7402 -0.2185  214.5    -      -  
 09  -30  -1073 Sep 15  23:18:50  26631 -38000   N   a-  -1.1164  0.7900 -0.1715  220.6    -      -  
 10  -29  -1055 Sep 26  07:47:34  26299 -37777   N   a-  -1.0963  0.8283 -0.1361  225.2    -      -  

 11  -28  -1037 Oct 07  16:23:52  25970 -37554   N   a-  -1.0824  0.8551 -0.1119  228.3    -      -  
 12  -27  -1019 Oct 18  01:06:28  25643 -37331   N   a-  -1.0742  0.8715 -0.0980  230.3    -      -  
 13  -26  -1001 Oct 29  09:53:14  25318 -37108   N   a-  -1.0694  0.8812 -0.0903  231.6    -      -  
 14  -25  -0983 Nov 08  18:44:41  24995 -36885   N   a-  -1.0688  0.8833 -0.0899  232.0    -      -  
 15  -24  -0965 Nov 20  03:37:47  24674 -36662   N   a-  -1.0693  0.8829 -0.0916  232.2    -      -  
 16  -23  -0947 Nov 30  12:31:51  24355 -36439   N   a-  -1.0712  0.8798 -0.0955  232.2    -      -  
 17  -22  -0929 Dec 11  21:23:23  24038 -36216   N   a-  -1.0713  0.8799 -0.0957  232.4    -      -  
 18  -21  -0911 Dec 22  06:12:49  23724 -35993   N   a-  -1.0702  0.8819 -0.0936  232.9    -      -  
 19  -20  -0892 Jan 02  14:57:15  23411 -35770   N   a-  -1.0652  0.8908 -0.0843  234.2    -      -  
 20  -19  -0874 Jan 12  23:35:41  23100 -35547   N   a-  -1.0559  0.9075 -0.0669  236.3    -      -  

 21  -18  -0856 Jan 24  08:06:42  22792 -35324   N   a-  -1.0410  0.9345 -0.0389  239.4    -      -  
 22  -17  -0838 Feb 03  16:30:02  22485 -35101   N   a-  -1.0203  0.9718 -0.0005  243.6    -      -  
 23  -16  -0820 Feb 15  00:44:20  22181 -34878   P   a-  -0.9929  1.0215  0.0503  248.8   49.1    -  
 24  -15  -0802 Feb 25  08:49:33  21879 -34655   P   a-  -0.9585  1.0842  0.1140  255.1   73.5    -  
 25  -14  -0784 Mar 07  16:45:43  21579 -34432   P   a-  -0.9172  1.1596  0.1902  262.2   94.1    -  
 26  -13  -0766 Mar 19  00:33:42  21280 -34209   P   a-  -0.8695  1.2467  0.2778  269.9  112.6    -  
 27  -12  -0748 Mar 29  08:12:08  20984 -33986   P   a-  -0.8147  1.3474  0.3786  278.1  129.9    -  
 28  -11  -0730 Apr 09  15:43:51  20690 -33763   P   a-  -0.7547  1.4576  0.4884  286.3  145.5    -  
 29  -10  -0712 Apr 19  23:08:01  20398 -33540   P   a-  -0.6893  1.5780  0.6079  294.6  159.8    -  
 30  -09  -0694 May 01  06:27:43  20109 -33317   P   a-  -0.6205  1.7050  0.7335  302.4  172.5    -  

 31  -08  -0676 May 11  13:40:13  19821 -33094   P   a-  -0.5465  1.8419  0.8683  310.0  184.0    -  
 32  -07  -0658 May 22  20:51:23  19535 -32871   T   a-  -0.4721  1.9797  1.0035  316.8  193.6    9.1
 33  -06  -0640 Jun 02  03:58:32  19251 -32648   T   p-  -0.3953  2.1222  1.1427  323.0  201.9   55.9
 34  -05  -0622 Jun 13  11:06:24  18970 -32425   T   p-  -0.3200  2.2624  1.2790  328.3  208.6   75.0
 35  -04  -0604 Jun 23  18:12:41  18690 -32202   T-  pp  -0.2442  2.4038  1.4159  332.9  213.9   87.3
 36  -03  -0586 Jul 05  01:22:56  18413 -31979   T-  pp  -0.1726  2.5376  1.5447  336.7  217.7   95.1
 37  -02  -0568 Jul 15  08:34:55  18138 -31756   T-  pp  -0.1037  2.6669  1.6684  339.7  220.4   99.8
 38  -01  -0550 Jul 26  15:51:20  17864 -31533   T-  pp  -0.0395  2.7876  1.7833  342.1  221.9  102.1
 39   00  -0532 Aug 05  23:12:29  17593 -31310   T+  pp   0.0198  2.8270  1.8164  344.1  222.6  102.4
 40   01  -0514 Aug 17  06:40:42  17324 -31087   T+  pp   0.0721  2.7342  1.7171  345.6  222.6  101.3


Catalog of Lunar Eclipses in Saros 49

                          TD of                                                          Phase
Seq. Rel.    Calendar   Greatest          Luna  Ecl.               Pen.    Um.    ---- Durations ---- 
Num. Num.      Date      Eclipse     ΔT    Num  Type QSE  Gamma    Mag.    Mag.    Pen.   Par.  Total
                                      s                                              m      m      m

 41   02  -0496 Aug 27  14:15:23  17042 -30864   T+  pp   0.1183  2.6529  1.6291  346.8  222.2   99.1
 42   03  -0478 Sep 07  21:57:11  16724 -30641   T+  -p   0.1576  2.5841  1.5537  347.9  221.5   96.4
 43   04  -0460 Sep 18  05:46:39  16416 -30418   T+  -p   0.1896  2.5288  1.4918  348.9  220.7   93.4
 44   05  -0442 Sep 29  13:43:49  16116 -30195   T+  -p   0.2145  2.4862  1.4430  349.9  220.1   90.6
 45   06  -0424 Oct 09  21:46:59  15824 -29972   T+  -p   0.2336  2.4541  1.4049  351.0  219.5   88.0
 46   07  -0406 Oct 21  05:56:35  15540 -29749   T+  -p   0.2467  2.4328  1.3782  352.2  219.3   86.1
 47   08  -0388 Oct 31  14:10:40  15263 -29526   T+  -p   0.2555  2.4192  1.3596  353.4  219.2   84.7
 48   09  -0370 Nov 11  22:28:45  14992 -29303   T+  -p   0.2601  2.4129  1.3490  354.7  219.4   84.0
 49   10  -0352 Nov 22  06:47:05  14728 -29080   T+  -p   0.2638  2.4079  1.3404  356.0  219.7   83.3
 50   11  -0334 Dec 03  15:07:01  14471 -28857   T+  -p   0.2656  2.4062  1.3358  357.2  220.0   83.1

 51   12  -0316 Dec 13  23:24:16  14218 -28634   T+  -p   0.2690  2.4009  1.3283  358.2  220.3   82.6
 52   13  -0298 Dec 25  07:38:25  13972 -28411   T   -p   0.2743  2.3920  1.3181  359.1  220.5   81.8
 53   14  -0279 Jan 04  15:46:02  13731 -28188   T   -p   0.2841  2.3743  1.2995  359.7  220.3   80.1
 54   15  -0261 Jan 15  23:47:52  13495 -27965   T   -p   0.2982  2.3487  1.2737  360.0  219.9   77.5
 55   16  -0243 Jan 26  07:41:14  13264 -27742   T   -p   0.3187  2.3109  1.2360  359.9  218.8   73.1
 56   17  -0225 Feb 06  15:25:08  13037 -27519   T   -t   0.3464  2.2597  1.1856  359.2  217.1   66.1
 57   18  -0207 Feb 16  22:59:13  12816 -27296   T   -t   0.3816  2.1946  1.1214  358.0  214.4   54.8
 58   19  -0189 Feb 28  06:22:59  12598 -27073   T   -t   0.4246  2.1152  1.0432  356.0  210.4   33.6
 59   20  -0171 Mar 10  13:36:30  12384 -26850   P   -t   0.4754  2.0213  0.9505  353.0  204.8    -  
 60   21  -0153 Mar 21  20:39:26  12175 -26627   P   -t   0.5344  1.9124  0.8429  348.9  197.1    -  

 61   22  -0135 Apr 01  03:33:22  11969 -26404   P   -t   0.6002  1.7911  0.7227  343.4  186.7    -  
 62   23  -0117 Apr 12  10:18:30  11767 -26181   P   -t   0.6723  1.6583  0.5908  336.4  172.9    -  
 63   24  -0099 Apr 22  16:55:24  11569 -25958   P   -t   0.7505  1.5145  0.4477  327.5  154.2    -  
 64   25  -0081 May 03  23:26:13  11373 -25735   P   -t   0.8328  1.3633  0.2969  316.5  128.7    -  
 65   26  -0063 May 14  05:51:46  11181 -25512   P   -t   0.9184  1.2063  0.1399  303.4   90.5    -  
 66   27  -0045 May 25  12:14:35  10992 -25289   Nx  -t   1.0057  1.0463 -0.0204  287.7    -      -  
 67   28  -0027 Jun 04  18:33:47  10805 -25066   N   -t   1.0949  0.8829 -0.1846  269.1    -      -  
 68   29  -0009 Jun 16  00:54:24  10621 -24843   N   -t   1.1822  0.7233 -0.3452  247.7    -      -  
 69   30   0009 Jun 26  07:15:25  10439 -24620   N   -t   1.2681  0.5664 -0.5037  222.8    -      -  
 70   31   0027 Jul 07  13:40:37  10259 -24397   N   -t   1.3501  0.4167 -0.6551  194.0    -      -  

 71   32   0045 Jul 17  20:09:29  10081 -24174   N   -t   1.4287  0.2737 -0.8003  159.3    -      -  
 72   33   0063 Jul 29  02:46:05   9905 -23951   N   -t   1.5007  0.1426 -0.9336  116.4    -      -  
 73   34   0081 Aug 08  09:29:38   9730 -23728   Ne  -t   1.5667  0.0230 -1.0558   47.3    -      -  


Footnotes

[1] The Moon's orbit is inclined about 5 degrees to Earth's orbit around the Sun. The points where the lunar orbit intersects the plane of Earth's orbit are known as the nodes. The Moon moves from south to north of Earth's orbit at the ascending node, and from north to south at the descending node.

[2]Greatest eclipse is defined as the instant when Moon passes closest to the axis of Earth's shadow.


Calendar

The Gregorian calendar is used for all dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates. The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions ). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..


Predictions

The coordinates of the Sun used in these predictions are based on the VSOP87 theory [Bretagnon and Francou, 1988]. The Moon's coordinates are based on the ELP-2000/82 theory [Chapront-Touze and Chapront, 1983]. For more information, see: Solar and Lunar Ephemerides. The revised value used for the Moon's secular acceleration is n-dot = -25.858 arc-sec/cy*cy, as deduced from the Apollo lunar laser ranging experiment (Chapront, Chapront-Touze, and Francou, 2002).

The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:

  1. pre-1950's: ΔT calculated from empirical fits to historical records derived by Morrison and Stephenson (2004)
  2. 1955-present: ΔT obtained from published observations
  3. future: ΔT is extrapolated from current values weighted by the long term trend from tidal effects

A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -1999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.


Acknowledgments

The Besselian elements used in the predictions were kindly provided by Jean Meeus. All eclipse calculations are by Fred Espenak, and he assumes full responsibility for their accuracy. Some of the information presented on this web site is based on data originally published in Five Millennium Canon of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 and Five Millennium Catalog of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000.

Permission is freely granted to reproduce this data when accompanied by an acknowledgment:

"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak and Jean Meeus (NASA's GSFC)"


Return to: Catalog of Lunar Eclipse Saros Series

Return to: Five Millennium Catalog of Lunar Eclipses

2009 Sep 29