Catalog of Lunar Eclipse Saros Series

Saros Series 65

The periodicity and recurrence of lunar (and solar) eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node[1] with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and at the same time of year. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 15 centuries and contains 70 or more lunar eclipses.

Lunar eclipses of Saros 65 all occur at the Moon’s descending node and the Moon moves northward with each eclipse. The series began with a penumbral eclipse near the southern edge of the penumbra on -0736 Aug 11. The series ended with a penumbral eclipse near the northern edge of the penumbra on 0797 Feb 16. The total duration of Saros series 65 is 1532.56 years. In summary:

                      First Eclipse = -0736 Aug 11   05:48:53 TD
                       Last Eclipse =  0797 Feb 16   03:29:04 TD

                      Duration of Saros  65  =  1532.56 Years

Saros 65 is composed of 86 lunar eclipses as follows:

Lunar Eclipses of Saros 65
Eclipse Type Symbol Number Percent
All Eclipses - 86100.0%
PenumbralN 46 53.5%
PartialP 15 17.4%
TotalT 25 29.1%

The 86 lunar eclipses in Saros 65 occur in the order of 24N 7P 25T 8P 22N which corresponds to:

                                    24  Penumbral
                                     7  Partial
                                    25  Total
                                     8  Partial
                                    22  Penumbral

The longest and shortest eclipses of Saros 65 are as follows.

            Longest  Total  Lunar Eclipse:   -0051 Sep 26      Duration = 01h45m28s
           Shortest  Total  Lunar Eclipse:   -0177 Jul 13      Duration = 00h52m10s

            Longest Partial Lunar Eclipse:    0274 Apr 08      Duration = 03h27m04s
           Shortest Partial Lunar Eclipse:    0400 Jun 22      Duration = 00h31m34s

          Longest Penumbral Lunar Eclipse:   -0321 Apr 17      Duration = 04h31m27s
         Shortest Penumbral Lunar Eclipse:    0797 Feb 16      Duration = 00h38m30s

The largest and smallest magnitude partial eclipses of Saros 65 are:

            Largest Partial Lunar Eclipse:    0274 Apr 08      Magnitude = 0.9993
           Smallest Partial Lunar Eclipse:    0400 Jun 22      Magnitude = 0.0177

Local circumstances at greatest eclipse[2] for every lunar eclipse of Saros 65 are presented in the following catalog. For eclipses occurring between the years -1999 to +3000 (2000 BCE to 3000 CE), the sequence number in the first column links to a eclipse geometry diagram and a map from Five Millennium Canon of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000. A detailed key and additional information about the catalog can be found at: Key to Catalog of Lunar Eclipse Saros Series.



Catalog of Lunar Eclipses in Saros 65

                          TD of                                                          Phase
Seq. Rel.    Calendar   Greatest          Luna  Ecl.               Pen.    Um.    ---- Durations ---- 
Num. Num.      Date      Eclipse     ΔT    Num  Type QSE  Gamma    Mag.    Mag.    Pen.   Par.  Total
                                      s                                              m      m      m

 01  -38  -0736 Aug 11  05:48:53  20782 -33833   Nb  a-  -1.5394  0.0260 -0.9596   44.8    -      -  
 02  -37  -0718 Aug 22  13:34:08  20490 -33610   N   a-  -1.4999  0.1015 -0.8901   88.3    -      -  
 03  -36  -0700 Sep 01  21:26:18  20199 -33387   N   a-  -1.4664  0.1662 -0.8317  112.8    -      -  
 04  -35  -0682 Sep 13  05:26:36  19911 -33164   N   a-  -1.4399  0.2179 -0.7861  129.2    -      -  
 05  -34  -0664 Sep 23  13:34:19  19625 -32941   N   a-  -1.4202  0.2570 -0.7531  140.4    -      -  
 06  -33  -0646 Oct 04  21:47:51  19340 -32718   N   a-  -1.4059  0.2862 -0.7298  148.4    -      -  
 07  -32  -0628 Oct 15  06:08:23  19058 -32495   N   a-  -1.3980  0.3036 -0.7180  153.2    -      -  
 08  -31  -0610 Oct 26  14:33:31  18778 -32272   N   a-  -1.3943  0.3129 -0.7138  156.1    -      -  
 09  -30  -0592 Nov 05  23:02:56  18500 -32049   N   a-  -1.3949  0.3142 -0.7171  157.0    -      -  
 10  -29  -0574 Nov 17  07:33:31  18224 -31826   N   a-  -1.3971  0.3121 -0.7231  157.1    -      -  

 11  -28  -0556 Nov 27  16:05:44  17950 -31603   N   a-  -1.4014  0.3060 -0.7326  156.2    -      -  
 12  -27  -0538 Dec 09  00:36:08  17678 -31380   N   a-  -1.4049  0.3010 -0.7403  155.6    -      -  
 13  -26  -0520 Dec 19  09:03:50  17408 -31157   N   h-  -1.4070  0.2981 -0.7452  155.4    -      -  
 14  -25  -0502 Dec 30  17:26:31  17141 -30934   N   h-  -1.4057  0.3013 -0.7436  156.7    -      -  
 15  -24  -0483 Jan 10  01:43:36  16823 -30711   N   h-  -1.4005  0.3113 -0.7346  159.7    -      -  
 16  -23  -0465 Jan 21  09:52:13  16512 -30488   N   h-  -1.3894  0.3320 -0.7145  165.1    -      -  
 17  -22  -0447 Jan 31  17:52:27  16209 -30265   N   t-  -1.3721  0.3637 -0.6829  172.8    -      -  
 18  -21  -0429 Feb 12  01:42:45  15915 -30042   N   t-  -1.3477  0.4086 -0.6380  183.0    -      -  
 19  -20  -0411 Feb 22  09:23:50  15628 -29819   N   t-  -1.3162  0.4662 -0.5803  195.0    -      -  
 20  -19  -0393 Mar 05  16:52:34  15349 -29596   N   t-  -1.2758  0.5404 -0.5059  209.1    -      -  

 21  -18  -0375 Mar 16  00:12:15  15076 -29373   N   t-  -1.2287  0.6267 -0.4195  223.9    -      -  
 22  -17  -0357 Mar 27  07:20:30  14810 -29150   N   t-  -1.1732  0.7286 -0.3176  239.8    -      -  
 23  -16  -0339 Apr 06  14:21:18  14551 -28927   N   t-  -1.1119  0.8410 -0.2054  255.5    -      -  
 24  -15  -0321 Apr 17  21:10:46  14297 -28704   N   t-  -1.0423  0.9690 -0.0780  271.4    -      -  
 25  -14  -0303 Apr 28  03:55:20  14049 -28481   P   t-  -0.9692  1.1037  0.0557  286.4   56.7    -  
 26  -13  -0285 May 09  10:31:36  13806 -28258   P   t-  -0.8903  1.2492  0.1999  300.8  105.5    -  
 27  -12  -0267 May 19  17:04:41  13569 -28035   P   t-  -0.8091  1.3990  0.3481  314.0  136.5    -  
 28  -11  -0249 May 30  23:32:31  13336 -27812   P   t-  -0.7239  1.5564  0.5033  326.1  160.6    -  
 29  -10  -0231 Jun 10  06:00:41  13108 -27589   P   t-  -0.6394  1.7127  0.6570  336.7  179.4    -  
 30  -09  -0213 Jun 21  12:27:52  12885 -27366   P   t-  -0.5546  1.8698  0.8111  345.9  194.5    -  

 31  -08  -0195 Jul 01  18:56:57  12666 -27143   P   t-  -0.4717  2.0237  0.9616  353.7  206.5    -  
 32  -07  -0177 Jul 13  01:29:07  12451 -26920   T   t-  -0.3917  2.1723  1.1065  360.1  215.8   52.2
 33  -06  -0159 Jul 23  08:06:45  12240 -26697   T   tp  -0.3167  2.3121  1.2423  365.2  222.7   75.2
 34  -05  -0141 Aug 03  14:50:16  12033 -26474   T-  pp  -0.2464  2.4431  1.3691  369.3  227.8   88.5
 35  -04  -0123 Aug 13  21:40:31  11830 -26251   T-  pp  -0.1821  2.5633  1.4850  372.3  231.3   96.8
 36  -03  -0105 Aug 25  04:39:15  11631 -26028   T-  pp  -0.1251  2.6702  1.5874  374.5  233.6  101.6
 37  -02  -0087 Sep 04  11:46:44  11434 -25805   T-  pp  -0.0756  2.7632  1.6761  376.1  234.8  104.2
 38  -01  -0069 Sep 15  19:02:34  11241 -25582   T-  pp  -0.0332  2.8431  1.7519  377.2  235.4  105.3
 39   00  -0051 Sep 26  02:27:51  11051 -25359   T+  pp   0.0014  2.9033  1.8083  377.9  235.5  105.5
 40   01  -0033 Oct 07  10:01:57  10863 -25136   T+  pp   0.0288  2.8548  1.7563  378.3  235.4  105.1


Catalog of Lunar Eclipses in Saros 65

                          TD of                                                          Phase
Seq. Rel.    Calendar   Greatest          Luna  Ecl.               Pen.    Um.    ---- Durations ---- 
Num. Num.      Date      Eclipse     ΔT    Num  Type QSE  Gamma    Mag.    Mag.    Pen.   Par.  Total
                                      s                                              m      m      m

 41   02  -0015 Oct 17  17:44:37  10678 -24913   T+  pp   0.0489  2.8194  1.7181  378.6  235.1  104.5
 42   03   0003 Oct 29  01:32:40  10496 -24690   T+  pp   0.0645  2.7919  1.6883  378.7  234.8  103.9
 43   04   0021 Nov 08  09:27:47  10315 -24467   T+  pp   0.0745  2.7744  1.6692  378.8  234.6  103.5
 44   05   0039 Nov 19  17:26:37  10137 -24244   T+  pp   0.0817  2.7615  1.6555  378.6  234.3  103.1
 45   06   0057 Nov 30  01:28:26   9960 -24021   T+  pp   0.0867  2.7524  1.6464  378.4  234.1  102.8
 46   07   0075 Dec 11  09:30:03   9784 -23798   T+  pp   0.0920  2.7421  1.6369  378.0  233.9  102.5
 47   08   0093 Dec 21  17:31:38   9610 -23575   T+  pp   0.0978  2.7306  1.6271  377.4  233.6  102.2
 48   09   0112 Jan 02  01:30:20   9437 -23352   T+  pp   0.1064  2.7137  1.6126  376.6  233.3  101.7
 49   10   0130 Jan 12  09:24:15   9265 -23129   T+  pp   0.1193  2.6883  1.5905  375.6  232.8  101.0
 50   11   0148 Jan 23  17:12:45   9094 -22906   T+  pp   0.1372  2.6536  1.5596  374.4  232.0   99.8

 51   12   0166 Feb 03  00:54:18   8922 -22683   T+  pp   0.1612  2.6075  1.5178  372.8  231.0   97.9
 52   13   0184 Feb 14  08:28:06   8751 -22460   T+  pp   0.1918  2.5487  1.4639  370.9  229.5   94.8
 53   14   0202 Feb 24  15:53:20   8580 -22237   T+  pp   0.2301  2.4759  1.3963  368.4  227.3   90.1
 54   15   0220 Mar 06  23:10:55   8409 -22014   T   pp   0.2751  2.3906  1.3164  365.4  224.3   83.0
 55   16   0238 Mar 18  06:20:14   8238 -21791   T   -p   0.3274  2.2919  1.2232  361.6  220.1   72.1
 56   17   0256 Mar 28  13:21:07   8066 -21568   T   -t   0.3871  2.1796  1.1163  356.9  214.4   53.9
 57   18   0274 Apr 08  20:15:43   7893 -21345   P   -t   0.4523  2.0572  0.9993  351.2  207.1    -  
 58   19   0292 Apr 19  03:04:17   7720 -21122   P   -t   0.5230  1.9249  0.8721  344.4  197.6    -  
 59   20   0310 Apr 30  09:49:20   7546 -20899   P   -t   0.5974  1.7859  0.7380  336.3  185.6    -  
 60   21   0328 May 10  16:29:40   7371 -20676   P   -t   0.6762  1.6391  0.5957  326.8  170.3    -  

 61   22   0346 May 21  23:10:10   7195 -20453   P   -t   0.7555  1.4915  0.4522  316.0  151.3    -  
 62   23   0364 Jun 01  05:49:18   7018 -20230   P   -t   0.8362  1.3415  0.3059  303.7  126.9    -  
 63   24   0382 Jun 12  12:30:29   6841 -20007   P   -t   0.9160  1.1934  0.1611  290.1   93.7    -  
 64   25   0400 Jun 22  19:13:43   6663 -19784   P   -t   0.9949  1.0474  0.0177  275.0   31.6    -  
 65   26   0418 Jul 04  02:02:17   6485 -19561   N   -t   1.0700  0.9083 -0.1191  258.9    -      -  
 66   27   0436 Jul 14  08:56:32   6306 -19338   N   -t   1.1410  0.7773 -0.2485  241.8    -      -  
 67   28   0454 Jul 25  15:56:55   6128 -19115   N   -t   1.2076  0.6543 -0.3700  223.7    -      -  
 68   29   0472 Aug 04  23:06:07   5951 -18892   N   -t   1.2677  0.5436 -0.4798  205.4    -      -  
 69   30   0490 Aug 16  06:23:31   5774 -18669   N   -t   1.3217  0.4442 -0.5785  186.8    -      -  
 70   31   0508 Aug 26  13:51:10   5597 -18446   N   -h   1.3683  0.3585 -0.6639  168.6    -      -  

 71   32   0526 Sep 06  21:27:13   5421 -18223   N   -h   1.4087  0.2843 -0.7379  150.7    -      -  
 72   33   0544 Sep 17  05:14:51   5245 -18000   N   -h   1.4406  0.2256 -0.7965  134.5    -      -  
 73   34   0562 Sep 28  13:11:14   5071 -17777   N   -a   1.4663  0.1785 -0.8435  119.8    -      -  
 74   35   0580 Oct 08  21:17:59   4898 -17554   N   -a   1.4847  0.1446 -0.8771  107.8    -      -  
 75   36   0598 Oct 20  05:32:42   4727 -17331   N   -a   1.4976  0.1206 -0.9006   98.3    -      -  
 76   37   0616 Oct 30  13:56:41   4557 -17108   N   -a   1.5043  0.1080 -0.9124   92.8    -      -  
 77   38   0634 Nov 10  22:26:12   4388 -16885   N   -a   1.5072  0.1020 -0.9171   90.0    -      -  
 78   39   0652 Nov 21  07:01:04   4221 -16662   N   -a   1.5069  0.1017 -0.9158   89.6    -      -  
 79   40   0670 Dec 02  15:39:13   4055 -16439   N   -a   1.5049  0.1043 -0.9109   90.4    -      -  
 80   41   0688 Dec 13  00:20:13   3892 -16216   N   -a   1.5017  0.1087 -0.9038   91.9    -      -  


Catalog of Lunar Eclipses in Saros 65

                          TD of                                                          Phase
Seq. Rel.    Calendar   Greatest          Luna  Ecl.               Pen.    Um.    ---- Durations ---- 
Num. Num.      Date      Eclipse     ΔT    Num  Type QSE  Gamma    Mag.    Mag.    Pen.   Par.  Total
                                      s                                              m      m      m

 81   42   0706 Dec 24  08:59:57   3731 -15993   N   -a   1.5002  0.1097 -0.8994   92.1    -      -  
 82   43   0725 Jan 03  17:38:46   3571 -15770   N   -a   1.5002  0.1079 -0.8975   91.0    -      -  
 83   44   0743 Jan 15  02:13:37   3415 -15547   N   -a   1.5041  0.0986 -0.9024   86.8    -      -  
 84   45   0761 Jan 25  10:45:27   3261 -15324   N   -a   1.5111  0.0834 -0.9129   79.6    -      -  
 85   46   0779 Feb 05  19:09:30   3110 -15101   N   -a   1.5249  0.0555 -0.9359   64.9    -      -  
 86   47   0797 Feb 16  03:29:04   2962 -14878   Ne  -a   1.5430  0.0196 -0.9666   38.5    -      -  


Footnotes

[1] The Moon's orbit is inclined about 5 degrees to Earth's orbit around the Sun. The points where the lunar orbit intersects the plane of Earth's orbit are known as the nodes. The Moon moves from south to north of Earth's orbit at the ascending node, and from north to south at the descending node.

[2]Greatest eclipse is defined as the instant when Moon passes closest to the axis of Earth's shadow.


Calendar

The Gregorian calendar is used for all dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates. The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions ). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..


Predictions

The coordinates of the Sun used in these predictions are based on the VSOP87 theory [Bretagnon and Francou, 1988]. The Moon's coordinates are based on the ELP-2000/82 theory [Chapront-Touze and Chapront, 1983]. For more information, see: Solar and Lunar Ephemerides. The revised value used for the Moon's secular acceleration is n-dot = -25.858 arc-sec/cy*cy, as deduced from the Apollo lunar laser ranging experiment (Chapront, Chapront-Touze, and Francou, 2002).

The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:

  1. pre-1950's: ΔT calculated from empirical fits to historical records derived by Morrison and Stephenson (2004)
  2. 1955-present: ΔT obtained from published observations
  3. future: ΔT is extrapolated from current values weighted by the long term trend from tidal effects

A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -1999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.


Acknowledgments

The Besselian elements used in the predictions were kindly provided by Jean Meeus. All eclipse calculations are by Fred Espenak, and he assumes full responsibility for their accuracy. Some of the information presented on this web site is based on data originally published in Five Millennium Canon of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 and Five Millennium Catalog of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000.

Permission is freely granted to reproduce this data when accompanied by an acknowledgment:

"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak and Jean Meeus (NASA's GSFC)"


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2009 Sep 29