The periodicity and recurrence of lunar (and solar) eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node[1] with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and at the same time of year. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 15 centuries and contains 70 or more lunar eclipses.
Lunar eclipses of Saros 90 all occur at the Moon’s ascending node and the Moon moves southward with each eclipse. The series began with a penumbral eclipse near the northern edge of the penumbra on 0150 Jun 27. The series ended with a penumbral eclipse near the southern edge of the penumbra on 1430 Aug 04. The total duration of Saros series 90 is 1280.14 years. In summary:
First Eclipse = 0150 Jun 27 19:18:39 TD
Last Eclipse = 1430 Aug 04 06:34:42 TD
Duration of Saros 90 = 1280.14 Years
Saros 90 is composed of 72 lunar eclipses as follows:
| Lunar Eclipses of Saros 90 | |||
| Eclipse Type | Symbol | Number | Percent |
| All Eclipses | - | 72 | 100.0% |
| Penumbral | N | 20 | 27.8% |
| Partial | P | 39 | 54.2% |
| Total | T | 13 | 18.1% |
The 72 lunar eclipses in Saros 90 occur in the order of 12N 17P 13T 22P 8N which corresponds to:
12 Penumbral
17 Partial
13 Total
22 Partial
8 Penumbral
The longest and shortest eclipses of Saros 90 are as follows.
Longest Total Lunar Eclipse: 0763 Jun 30 Duration = 01h44m20s
Shortest Total Lunar Eclipse: 0889 Sep 13 Duration = 00h28m37s
Longest Partial Lunar Eclipse: 0655 Apr 26 Duration = 03h22m31s
Shortest Partial Lunar Eclipse: 0366 Nov 04 Duration = 00h34m16s
Longest Penumbral Lunar Eclipse: 0348 Oct 24 Duration = 04h56m08s
Shortest Penumbral Lunar Eclipse: 0150 Jun 27 Duration = 00h46m52s
The largest and smallest magnitude partial eclipses of Saros 90 are:
Largest Partial Lunar Eclipse: 0907 Sep 24 Magnitude = 0.9688
Smallest Partial Lunar Eclipse: 0366 Nov 04 Magnitude = 0.0193
Local circumstances at greatest eclipse[2] for every lunar eclipse of Saros 90 are presented in the following catalog. For eclipses occurring between the years -1999 to +3000 (2000 BCE to 3000 CE), the sequence number in the first column links to a eclipse geometry diagram and a map from Five Millennium Canon of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000. A detailed key and additional information about the catalog can be found at: Key to Catalog of Lunar Eclipse Saros Series.
TD of Phase
Seq. Rel. Calendar Greatest Luna Ecl. Pen. Um. ---- Durations ----
Num. Num. Date Eclipse ΔT Num Type QSE Gamma Mag. Mag. Pen. Par. Total
s m m m
01 -34 0150 Jun 27 19:18:39 9071 -22876 Nb t- 1.5618 0.0232 -1.0383 46.9 - -
02 -33 0168 Jul 08 01:47:33 8899 -22653 N t- 1.4833 0.1689 -0.8958 125.2 - -
03 -32 0186 Jul 19 08:22:09 8728 -22430 N t- 1.4088 0.3073 -0.7611 167.2 - -
04 -31 0204 Jul 29 15:00:30 8557 -22207 N t- 1.3371 0.4409 -0.6314 198.3 - -
05 -30 0222 Aug 09 21:46:20 8386 -21984 N t- 1.2713 0.5637 -0.5126 222.1 - -
06 -29 0240 Aug 20 04:37:52 8215 -21761 N t- 1.2099 0.6784 -0.4021 241.4 - -
07 -28 0258 Aug 31 11:39:32 8043 -21538 N t- 1.1564 0.7787 -0.3060 256.6 - -
08 -27 0276 Sep 10 18:48:49 7870 -21315 N t- 1.1088 0.8681 -0.2206 268.9 - -
09 -26 0294 Sep 22 02:07:28 7697 -21092 N t- 1.0685 0.9441 -0.1485 278.7 - -
10 -25 0312 Oct 02 09:34:39 7522 -20869 Nx t- 1.0348 1.0077 -0.0885 286.3 - -
11 -24 0330 Oct 13 17:11:45 7347 -20646 Nx t- 1.0093 1.0560 -0.0433 291.9 - -
12 -23 0348 Oct 24 00:56:02 7171 -20423 Nx t- 0.9890 1.0946 -0.0072 296.1 - -
13 -22 0366 Nov 04 08:47:09 6995 -20200 P t- 0.9740 1.1230 0.0193 299.1 34.3 -
14 -21 0384 Nov 14 16:43:27 6817 -19977 P t- 0.9629 1.1441 0.0391 301.2 48.7 -
15 -20 0402 Nov 26 00:44:37 6639 -19754 P t- 0.9555 1.1578 0.0524 302.5 56.2 -
16 -19 0420 Dec 06 08:46:28 6461 -19531 P t- 0.9486 1.1704 0.0653 303.5 62.6 -
17 -18 0438 Dec 17 16:49:55 6283 -19308 P t- 0.9427 1.1806 0.0767 304.1 67.7 -
18 -17 0456 Dec 28 00:50:43 6104 -19085 P t- 0.9344 1.1947 0.0929 305.0 74.2 -
19 -16 0475 Jan 08 08:49:33 5927 -18862 P t- 0.9242 1.2121 0.1130 306.1 81.6 -
20 -15 0493 Jan 18 16:41:33 5750 -18639 P t- 0.9082 1.2397 0.1441 308.0 91.6 -
21 -14 0511 Jan 30 00:29:38 5573 -18416 P t- 0.8886 1.2736 0.1822 310.3 102.3 -
22 -13 0529 Feb 09 08:09:09 5397 -18193 P t- 0.8621 1.3199 0.2331 313.4 114.6 -
23 -12 0547 Feb 20 15:41:42 5222 -17970 P t- 0.8290 1.3780 0.2962 317.2 127.8 -
24 -11 0565 Mar 02 23:04:59 5048 -17747 P t- 0.7879 1.4508 0.3743 321.7 141.7 -
25 -10 0583 Mar 14 06:21:40 4875 -17524 P t- 0.7406 1.5347 0.4638 326.5 155.3 -
26 -09 0601 Mar 24 13:29:56 4704 -17301 P t- 0.6858 1.6326 0.5672 331.7 168.6 -
27 -08 0619 Apr 04 20:30:48 4534 -17078 P t- 0.6240 1.7431 0.6832 336.8 181.1 -
28 -07 0637 Apr 15 03:25:41 4365 -16855 P t- 0.5564 1.8644 0.8099 341.7 192.5 -
29 -06 0655 Apr 26 10:15:24 4198 -16632 P t- 0.4834 1.9959 0.9466 346.1 202.5 -
30 -05 0673 May 06 17:01:08 4033 -16409 T t- 0.4061 2.1352 1.0907 349.9 211.0 47.6
31 -04 0691 May 17 23:43:54 3870 -16186 T t- 0.3254 2.2810 1.2410 352.8 217.9 73.7
32 -03 0709 May 28 06:26:03 3709 -15963 T+ p- 0.2431 2.4301 1.3941 354.8 222.9 88.9
33 -02 0727 Jun 08 13:08:30 3550 -15740 T+ pp 0.1598 2.5810 1.5486 355.7 226.2 98.2
34 -01 0745 Jun 18 19:51:37 3394 -15517 T+ pp 0.0762 2.7330 1.7036 355.7 227.9 103.1
35 00 0763 Jun 30 02:38:41 3240 -15294 T- pp -0.0052 2.8620 1.8352 354.6 227.9 104.3
36 01 0781 Jul 10 09:29:49 3090 -15071 T- pp -0.0842 2.7159 1.6913 352.7 226.4 102.3
37 02 0799 Jul 21 16:27:53 2942 -14848 T- pp -0.1584 2.5789 1.5559 350.1 223.6 97.5
38 03 0817 Jul 31 23:31:43 2798 -14625 T- pp -0.2288 2.4491 1.4274 346.8 219.8 89.9
39 04 0835 Aug 12 06:45:13 2657 -14402 T -p -0.2922 2.3323 1.3114 343.1 215.3 79.9
40 05 0853 Aug 22 14:06:49 2520 -14179 T -p -0.3500 2.2260 1.2057 339.2 210.3 67.2
TD of Phase
Seq. Rel. Calendar Greatest Luna Ecl. Pen. Um. ---- Durations ----
Num. Num. Date Eclipse ΔT Num Type QSE Gamma Mag. Mag. Pen. Par. Total
s m m m
41 06 0871 Sep 02 21:38:28 2387 -13956 T -p -0.4002 2.1336 1.1137 335.3 205.1 51.3
42 07 0889 Sep 13 05:19:21 2258 -13733 T -p -0.4438 2.0537 1.0339 331.5 200.0 28.6
43 08 0907 Sep 24 13:11:11 2133 -13510 P -a -0.4793 1.9884 0.9688 328.0 195.3 -
44 09 0925 Oct 04 21:12:36 2012 -13287 P -a -0.5078 1.9360 0.9165 324.9 191.2 -
45 10 0943 Oct 16 05:22:35 1896 -13064 P -a -0.5302 1.8947 0.8756 322.1 187.7 -
46 11 0961 Oct 26 13:41:49 1784 -12841 P -a -0.5457 1.8660 0.8474 319.8 185.0 -
47 12 0979 Nov 06 22:08:13 1677 -12618 P -a -0.5557 1.8473 0.8296 318.0 183.1 -
48 13 0997 Nov 17 06:41:06 1574 -12395 P -a -0.5614 1.8362 0.8198 316.5 181.8 -
49 14 1015 Nov 28 15:17:02 1476 -12172 P -a -0.5651 1.8284 0.8138 315.1 180.8 -
50 15 1033 Dec 08 23:57:10 1383 -11949 P -a -0.5660 1.8256 0.8133 313.9 180.3 -
51 16 1051 Dec 20 08:37:46 1294 -11726 P -a -0.5669 1.8224 0.8130 312.7 179.9 -
52 17 1069 Dec 30 17:18:20 1210 -11503 P -a -0.5684 1.8179 0.8119 311.4 179.3 -
53 18 1088 Jan 11 01:56:01 1130 -11280 P -a -0.5727 1.8081 0.8059 309.9 178.4 -
54 19 1106 Jan 21 10:31:12 1055 -11057 P -a -0.5798 1.7929 0.7951 308.1 177.1 -
55 20 1124 Feb 01 19:00:48 984 -10834 P -a -0.5920 1.7681 0.7751 305.8 175.1 -
56 21 1142 Feb 12 03:24:57 917 -10611 P -a -0.6093 1.7339 0.7459 303.0 172.3 -
57 22 1160 Feb 23 11:42:25 854 -10388 P -a -0.6327 1.6884 0.7055 299.6 168.3 -
58 23 1178 Mar 05 19:53:46 795 -10165 P -a -0.6616 1.6328 0.6551 295.6 163.2 -
59 24 1196 Mar 16 03:56:40 740 -9942 P -a -0.6982 1.5628 0.5904 290.7 156.2 -
60 25 1214 Mar 27 11:53:30 689 -9719 P -a -0.7405 1.4827 0.5152 285.0 147.4 -
61 26 1232 Apr 06 19:42:43 641 -9496 P -a -0.7898 1.3899 0.4273 278.1 135.8 -
62 27 1250 Apr 18 03:27:09 596 -9273 P -a -0.8433 1.2895 0.3313 270.1 121.1 -
63 28 1268 Apr 28 11:03:47 554 -9050 P -a -0.9038 1.1765 0.2223 260.6 100.6 -
64 29 1286 May 09 18:38:06 514 -8827 P -a -0.9665 1.0596 0.1088 249.9 71.4 -
65 30 1304 May 20 02:07:02 478 -8604 N -a -1.0344 0.9336 -0.0142 237.3 - -
66 31 1322 May 31 09:35:18 443 -8381 N -a -1.1028 0.8068 -0.1387 223.1 - -
67 32 1340 Jun 10 17:00:17 411 -8158 N -a -1.1742 0.6750 -0.2688 206.5 - -
68 33 1358 Jun 22 00:27:21 381 -7935 N -a -1.2441 0.5462 -0.3966 187.9 - -
69 34 1376 Jul 02 07:54:03 352 -7712 N -a -1.3147 0.4166 -0.5258 166.0 - -
70 35 1394 Jul 13 15:23:50 326 -7489 N -a -1.3829 0.2915 -0.6511 140.4 - -
71 36 1412 Jul 23 22:56:30 300 -7266 N -a -1.4488 0.1710 -0.7726 108.7 - -
72 37 1430 Aug 04 06:34:42 276 -7043 Ne -a -1.5105 0.0585 -0.8865 64.2 - -
[1] The Moon's orbit is inclined about 5 degrees to Earth's orbit around the Sun. The points where the lunar orbit intersects the plane of Earth's orbit are known as the nodes. The Moon moves from south to north of Earth's orbit at the ascending node, and from north to south at the descending node.
[2]Greatest eclipse is defined as the instant when Moon passes closest to the axis of Earth's shadow.
The Gregorian calendar is used for all dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates. The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions ). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..
The coordinates of the Sun used in these predictions are based on the VSOP87 theory [Bretagnon and Francou, 1988]. The Moon's coordinates are based on the ELP-2000/82 theory [Chapront-Touze and Chapront, 1983]. For more information, see: Solar and Lunar Ephemerides. The revised value used for the Moon's secular acceleration is n-dot = -25.858 arc-sec/cy*cy, as deduced from the Apollo lunar laser ranging experiment (Chapront, Chapront-Touze, and Francou, 2002).
The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:
A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -1999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.
The Besselian elements used in the predictions were kindly provided by Jean Meeus. All eclipse calculations are by Fred Espenak, and he assumes full responsibility for their accuracy. Some of the information presented on this web site is based on data originally published in Five Millennium Canon of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 and Five Millennium Catalog of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000.
Permission is freely granted to reproduce this data when accompanied by an acknowledgment:
"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak and Jean Meeus (NASA's GSFC)"
