The periodicity and recurrence of lunar (and solar) eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node[1] with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and at the same time of year. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 15 centuries and contains 70 or more lunar eclipses.
Lunar eclipses of Saros 113 all occur at the Moon’s descending node and the Moon moves northward with each eclipse. The series began with a penumbral eclipse near the southern edge of the penumbra on 0888 Apr 29. The series will end with a penumbral eclipse near the northern edge of the penumbra on 2150 Jun 10. The total duration of Saros series 113 is 1262.11 years. In summary:
First Eclipse = 0888 Apr 29 19:18:38 TD
Last Eclipse = 2150 Jun 10 07:14:48 TD
Duration of Saros 113 = 1262.11 Years
Saros 113 is composed of 71 lunar eclipses as follows:
| Lunar Eclipses of Saros 113 | |||
| Eclipse Type | Symbol | Number | Percent |
| All Eclipses | - | 71 | 100.0% |
| Penumbral | N | 17 | 23.9% |
| Partial | P | 41 | 57.7% |
| Total | T | 13 | 18.3% |
The 71 lunar eclipses in Saros 113 occur in the order of 7N 23P 13T 18P 10N which corresponds to:
7 Penumbral
23 Partial
13 Total
18 Partial
10 Penumbral
The longest and shortest eclipses of Saros 113 are as follows.
Longest Total Lunar Eclipse: 1555 Jun 05 Duration = 01h43m06s
Shortest Total Lunar Eclipse: 1429 Mar 20 Duration = 00h39m33s
Longest Partial Lunar Eclipse: 1663 Aug 18 Duration = 03h19m24s
Shortest Partial Lunar Eclipse: 1014 Jul 14 Duration = 00h39m20s
Longest Penumbral Lunar Eclipse: 1988 Mar 03 Duration = 04h53m45s
Shortest Penumbral Lunar Eclipse: 0888 Apr 29 Duration = 01h12m46s
The largest and smallest magnitude partial eclipses of Saros 113 are:
Largest Partial Lunar Eclipse: 1411 Mar 10 Magnitude = 0.9965
Smallest Partial Lunar Eclipse: 1014 Jul 14 Magnitude = 0.0329
Local circumstances at greatest eclipse[2] for every lunar eclipse of Saros 113 are presented in the following catalog. For eclipses occurring between the years -1999 to +3000 (2000 BCE to 3000 CE), the sequence number in the first column links to a eclipse geometry diagram and a map from Five Millennium Canon of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000. A detailed key and additional information about the catalog can be found at: Key to Catalog of Lunar Eclipse Saros Series.
TD of Phase
Seq. Rel. Calendar Greatest Luna Ecl. Pen. Um. ---- Durations ----
Num. Num. Date Eclipse ΔT Num Type QSE Gamma Mag. Mag. Pen. Par. Total
s m m m
01 -37 0888 Apr 29 19:18:38 2267 -13750 Nb a- -1.5015 0.0751 -0.8702 72.8 - -
02 -36 0906 May 11 02:52:46 2142 -13527 N a- -1.4355 0.1951 -0.7479 115.9 - -
03 -35 0924 May 21 10:22:51 2021 -13304 N a- -1.3660 0.3217 -0.6195 146.9 - -
04 -34 0942 Jun 01 17:51:08 1905 -13081 N a- -1.2946 0.4523 -0.4880 172.0 - -
05 -33 0960 Jun 12 01:18:14 1792 -12858 N a- -1.2222 0.5849 -0.3550 193.0 - -
06 -32 0978 Jun 23 08:46:20 1685 -12635 N a- -1.1506 0.7164 -0.2237 210.8 - -
07 -31 0996 Jul 03 16:14:11 1582 -12412 N a- -1.0788 0.8487 -0.0924 226.4 - -
08 -30 1014 Jul 14 23:45:44 1483 -12189 P a- -1.0101 0.9755 0.0329 239.7 39.3 -
09 -29 1032 Jul 25 07:19:48 1390 -11966 P a- -0.9439 1.0982 0.1534 251.2 83.6 -
10 -28 1050 Aug 05 14:59:51 1301 -11743 P a- -0.8826 1.2120 0.2645 261.0 108.2 -
11 -27 1068 Aug 15 22:43:39 1216 -11520 P a- -0.8248 1.3197 0.3689 269.4 125.9 -
12 -26 1086 Aug 27 06:35:39 1136 -11297 P a- -0.7742 1.4144 0.4600 276.3 138.8 -
13 -25 1104 Sep 06 14:33:30 1060 -11074 P a- -0.7288 1.4997 0.5414 282.3 148.9 -
14 -24 1122 Sep 17 22:39:18 989 -10851 P a- -0.6902 1.5725 0.6101 287.1 156.5 -
15 -23 1140 Sep 28 06:51:51 922 -10628 P a- -0.6576 1.6345 0.6678 291.2 162.4 -
16 -22 1158 Oct 09 15:12:42 859 -10405 P a- -0.6320 1.6837 0.7127 294.5 166.8 -
17 -21 1176 Oct 19 23:40:14 800 -10182 P a- -0.6126 1.7214 0.7462 297.1 169.9 -
18 -20 1194 Oct 31 08:13:30 744 -9959 P a- -0.5981 1.7500 0.7709 299.3 172.2 -
19 -19 1212 Nov 10 16:52:49 692 -9736 P a- -0.5890 1.7685 0.7856 300.9 173.7 -
20 -18 1230 Nov 22 01:36:20 644 -9513 P a- -0.5834 1.7804 0.7943 302.3 174.7 -
21 -17 1248 Dec 02 10:22:46 599 -9290 P a- -0.5810 1.7864 0.7974 303.4 175.3 -
22 -16 1266 Dec 13 19:09:37 557 -9067 P a- -0.5792 1.7909 0.7995 304.4 175.8 -
23 -15 1284 Dec 24 03:56:38 517 -8844 P a- -0.5781 1.7938 0.8005 305.3 176.2 -
24 -14 1303 Jan 04 12:41:28 480 -8621 P a- -0.5756 1.7992 0.8044 306.4 176.9 -
25 -13 1321 Jan 14 21:22:17 446 -8398 P a- -0.5704 1.8092 0.8135 307.6 178.0 -
26 -12 1339 Jan 26 05:58:09 414 -8175 P a- -0.5615 1.8259 0.8295 309.2 179.7 -
27 -11 1357 Feb 05 14:27:27 383 -7952 P a- -0.5479 1.8509 0.8542 311.1 182.1 -
28 -10 1375 Feb 16 22:49:15 355 -7729 P a- -0.5287 1.8861 0.8894 313.5 185.1 -
29 -09 1393 Feb 27 07:02:14 328 -7506 P a- -0.5028 1.9337 0.9370 316.3 188.9 -
30 -08 1411 Mar 10 15:06:37 302 -7283 P a- -0.4704 1.9931 0.9965 319.5 193.3 -
31 -07 1429 Mar 20 23:02:11 278 -7060 T p- -0.4312 2.0650 1.0683 323.0 198.1 39.5
32 -06 1447 Apr 01 06:47:26 255 -6837 T p- -0.3842 2.1513 1.1546 326.8 203.2 58.1
33 -05 1465 Apr 11 14:24:28 234 -6614 T p- -0.3312 2.2489 1.2517 330.6 208.2 72.0
34 -04 1483 Apr 22 21:52:19 213 -6391 T- p- -0.2713 2.3591 1.3612 334.4 212.9 83.2
35 -03 1501 May 03 05:13:26 194 -6168 T- pp -0.2064 2.4787 1.4797 337.8 217.0 91.9
36 -02 1519 May 14 12:25:26 177 -5945 T- pp -0.1349 2.6107 1.6101 340.8 220.4 98.3
37 -01 1537 May 24 19:33:13 160 -5722 T- pp -0.0608 2.7478 1.7451 343.3 222.7 102.1
38 00 1555 Jun 05 02:34:54 146 -5499 T+ pp 0.0172 2.8291 1.8238 345.0 223.7 103.1
39 01 1573 Jun 15 09:34:00 133 -5276 T+ pp 0.0964 2.6854 1.6770 345.9 223.4 101.1
40 02 1591 Jul 06 16:29:29 123 -5053 T+ pp 0.1776 2.5381 1.5260 345.9 221.6 95.7
TD of Phase
Seq. Rel. Calendar Greatest Luna Ecl. Pen. Um. ---- Durations ----
Num. Num. Date Eclipse ΔT Num Type QSE Gamma Mag. Mag. Pen. Par. Total
s m m m
41 03 1609 Jul 16 23:25:49 108 -4830 T+ -p 0.2570 2.3945 1.3783 345.0 218.3 86.3
42 04 1627 Jul 28 06:21:40 83 -4607 T -h 0.3356 2.2527 1.2317 343.3 213.5 71.4
43 05 1645 Aug 07 13:19:26 55 -4384 T -h 0.4115 2.1160 1.0899 340.8 207.1 46.7
44 06 1663 Aug 18 20:20:08 31 -4161 P -h 0.4840 1.9858 0.9543 337.6 199.4 -
45 07 1681 Aug 29 03:25:58 13 -3938 P -h 0.5511 1.8655 0.8282 334.0 190.6 -
46 08 1699 Sep 09 10:37:10 8 -3715 P -h 0.6130 1.7549 0.7117 330.0 180.7 -
47 09 1717 Sep 20 17:54:25 10 -3492 P -h 0.6690 1.6553 0.6059 325.9 170.2 -
48 10 1735 Oct 02 01:19:13 11 -3269 P -h 0.7178 1.5689 0.5134 322.1 159.4 -
49 11 1753 Oct 12 08:51:29 13 -3046 P -h 0.7597 1.4949 0.4333 318.5 148.7 -
50 12 1771 Oct 23 16:30:23 16 -2823 P -h 0.7955 1.4323 0.3649 315.3 138.3 -
51 13 1789 Nov 03 00:17:06 16 -2600 P -h 0.8242 1.3824 0.3094 312.7 128.7 -
52 14 1807 Nov 15 08:09:59 12 -2377 P -h 0.8473 1.3426 0.2646 310.7 120.1 -
53 15 1825 Nov 25 16:09:25 9 -2154 P -h 0.8643 1.3137 0.2311 309.4 113.0 -
54 16 1843 Dec 07 00:11:31 6 -1931 P -t 0.8785 1.2896 0.2031 308.3 106.6 -
55 17 1861 Dec 17 08:18:43 8 -1708 P -t 0.8880 1.2738 0.1840 307.8 101.9 -
56 18 1879 Dec 28 16:26:22 -5 -1485 P -t 0.8969 1.2587 0.1664 307.2 97.4 -
57 19 1898 Jan 08 00:34:46 -5 -1262 P -t 0.9046 1.2456 0.1515 306.7 93.3 -
58 20 1916 Jan 20 08:39:41 18 -1039 P -t 0.9146 1.2277 0.1327 305.7 87.7 -
59 21 1934 Jan 30 16:42:42 24 -816 P -t 0.9258 1.2073 0.1120 304.3 80.9 -
60 22 1952 Feb 11 00:39:48 30 -593 P -t 0.9416 1.1781 0.0832 301.9 70.1 -
61 23 1970 Feb 21 08:30:43 40 -370 P -t 0.9619 1.1402 0.0463 298.5 52.7 -
62 24 1988 Mar 03 16:13:41 56 -147 Nx -t 0.9885 1.0907 -0.0017 293.8 - -
63 25 2006 Mar 14 23:48:34 65 76 Nx -t 1.0210 1.0300 -0.0604 287.5 - -
64 26 2024 Mar 25 07:13:59 74 299 N -t 1.0609 0.9557 -0.1325 279.1 - -
65 27 2042 Apr 05 14:30:11 86 522 N -t 1.1080 0.8680 -0.2176 268.4 - -
66 28 2060 Apr 15 21:37:04 114 745 N -t 1.1621 0.7674 -0.3156 255.0 - -
67 29 2078 Apr 27 04:35:44 153 968 N -t 1.2222 0.6558 -0.4246 238.2 - -
68 30 2096 May 07 11:24:42 194 1191 N -t 1.2896 0.5309 -0.5469 216.9 - -
69 31 2114 May 19 18:07:33 237 1414 N -t 1.3611 0.3984 -0.6770 190.1 - -
70 32 2132 May 30 00:42:50 282 1637 N -t 1.4380 0.2563 -0.8169 154.4 - -
71 33 2150 Jun 10 07:14:48 329 1860 Ne -t 1.5171 0.1101 -0.9612 102.4 - -
[1] The Moon's orbit is inclined about 5 degrees to Earth's orbit around the Sun. The points where the lunar orbit intersects the plane of Earth's orbit are known as the nodes. The Moon moves from south to north of Earth's orbit at the ascending node, and from north to south at the descending node.
[2]Greatest eclipse is defined as the instant when Moon passes closest to the axis of Earth's shadow.
The Gregorian calendar is used for all dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates. The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions ). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..
The coordinates of the Sun used in these predictions are based on the VSOP87 theory [Bretagnon and Francou, 1988]. The Moon's coordinates are based on the ELP-2000/82 theory [Chapront-Touze and Chapront, 1983]. For more information, see: Solar and Lunar Ephemerides. The revised value used for the Moon's secular acceleration is n-dot = -25.858 arc-sec/cy*cy, as deduced from the Apollo lunar laser ranging experiment (Chapront, Chapront-Touze, and Francou, 2002).
The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:
A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -1999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.
The Besselian elements used in the predictions were kindly provided by Jean Meeus. All eclipse calculations are by Fred Espenak, and he assumes full responsibility for their accuracy. Some of the information presented on this web site is based on data originally published in Five Millennium Canon of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 and Five Millennium Catalog of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000.
Permission is freely granted to reproduce this data when accompanied by an acknowledgment:
"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak and Jean Meeus (NASA's GSFC)"
