The periodicity and recurrence of lunar (and solar) eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node[1] with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and at the same time of year. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 15 centuries and contains 70 or more lunar eclipses.
Lunar eclipses of Saros 115 all occur at the Moon’s descending node and the Moon moves northward with each eclipse. The series began with a penumbral eclipse near the southern edge of the penumbra on 1000 Apr 21. The series will end with a penumbral eclipse near the northern edge of the penumbra on 2280 Jun 13. The total duration of Saros series 115 is 1280.14 years. In summary:
First Eclipse = 1000 Apr 21 10:47:39 TD
Last Eclipse = 2280 Jun 13 21:38:07 TD
Duration of Saros 115 = 1280.14 Years
Saros 115 is composed of 72 lunar eclipses as follows:
| Lunar Eclipses of Saros 115 | |||
| Eclipse Type | Symbol | Number | Percent |
| All Eclipses | - | 72 | 100.0% |
| Penumbral | N | 18 | 25.0% |
| Partial | P | 28 | 38.9% |
| Total | T | 26 | 36.1% |
The 72 lunar eclipses in Saros 115 occur in the order of 7N 9P 26T 19P 11N which corresponds to:
7 Penumbral
9 Partial
26 Total
19 Partial
11 Penumbral
The longest and shortest eclipses of Saros 115 are as follows.
Longest Total Lunar Eclipse: 1631 May 15 Duration = 01h39m47s
Shortest Total Lunar Eclipse: 1288 Oct 11 Duration = 00h11m39s
Longest Partial Lunar Eclipse: 1270 Sep 30 Duration = 03h13m44s
Shortest Partial Lunar Eclipse: 2082 Feb 13 Duration = 00h25m30s
Longest Penumbral Lunar Eclipse: 1108 Jun 25 Duration = 04h23m42s
Shortest Penumbral Lunar Eclipse: 2280 Jun 13 Duration = 00h57m20s
The largest and smallest magnitude partial eclipses of Saros 115 are:
Largest Partial Lunar Eclipse: 1757 Jul 30 Magnitude = 0.9529
Smallest Partial Lunar Eclipse: 2082 Feb 13 Magnitude = 0.0134
Local circumstances at greatest eclipse[2] for every lunar eclipse of Saros 115 are presented in the following catalog. For eclipses occurring between the years -1999 to +3000 (2000 BCE to 3000 CE), the sequence number in the first column links to a eclipse geometry diagram and a map from Five Millennium Canon of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000. A detailed key and additional information about the catalog can be found at: Key to Catalog of Lunar Eclipse Saros Series.
TD of Phase
Seq. Rel. Calendar Greatest Luna Ecl. Pen. Um. ---- Durations ----
Num. Num. Date Eclipse ΔT Num Type QSE Gamma Mag. Mag. Pen. Par. Total
s m m m
01 -35 1000 Apr 21 10:47:39 1561 -12365 Nb t- -1.5354 0.0665 -0.9847 77.8 - -
02 -34 1018 May 02 17:36:53 1463 -12142 N t- -1.4601 0.2021 -0.8441 133.4 - -
03 -33 1036 May 13 00:23:32 1371 -11919 N t- -1.3814 0.3440 -0.6974 171.1 - -
04 -32 1054 May 24 07:06:50 1282 -11696 N t- -1.2989 0.4932 -0.5438 201.2 - -
05 -31 1072 Jun 03 13:50:39 1199 -11473 N t- -1.2156 0.6440 -0.3891 225.7 - -
06 -30 1090 Jun 14 20:34:35 1120 -11250 N t- -1.1311 0.7974 -0.2323 246.3 - -
07 -29 1108 Jun 25 03:20:28 1045 -11027 N t- -1.0469 0.9505 -0.0762 263.7 - -
08 -28 1126 Jul 06 10:10:16 974 -10804 P t- -0.9647 1.0999 0.0757 278.1 64.4 -
09 -27 1144 Jul 16 17:05:15 908 -10581 P h- -0.8858 1.2438 0.2217 290.0 107.6 -
10 -26 1162 Jul 28 00:06:36 846 -10358 P h- -0.8107 1.3808 0.3602 299.7 134.0 -
11 -25 1180 Aug 07 07:15:04 788 -10135 P h- -0.7403 1.5093 0.4899 307.6 152.7 -
12 -24 1198 Aug 18 14:32:52 733 -9912 P a- -0.6764 1.6262 0.6075 313.7 166.3 -
13 -23 1216 Aug 28 21:59:36 682 -9689 P a- -0.6191 1.7311 0.7130 318.4 176.5 -
14 -22 1234 Sep 09 05:35:20 634 -9466 P a- -0.5682 1.8243 0.8064 321.9 184.1 -
15 -21 1252 Sep 19 13:21:02 590 -9243 P a- -0.5247 1.9040 0.8863 324.5 189.7 -
16 -20 1270 Sep 30 21:16:50 548 -9020 P a- -0.4886 1.9703 0.9527 326.1 193.7 -
17 -19 1288 Oct 11 05:22:09 509 -8797 T a- -0.4598 2.0229 1.0056 327.1 196.5 11.6
18 -18 1306 Oct 22 13:35:34 473 -8574 T a- -0.4369 2.0648 1.0478 327.6 198.4 33.4
19 -17 1324 Nov 01 21:57:32 439 -8351 T a- -0.4205 2.0946 1.0783 327.6 199.5 42.3
20 -16 1342 Nov 13 06:26:34 407 -8128 T a- -0.4091 2.1150 1.0997 327.2 200.1 47.3
21 -15 1360 Nov 23 15:00:39 377 -7905 T a- -0.4013 2.1286 1.1148 326.6 200.4 50.4
22 -14 1378 Dec 04 23:38:54 349 -7682 T a- -0.3963 2.1369 1.1249 325.8 200.4 52.2
23 -13 1396 Dec 15 08:19:17 322 -7459 T a- -0.3923 2.1430 1.1335 324.9 200.3 53.7
24 -12 1414 Dec 26 17:01:07 297 -7236 T a- -0.3889 2.1477 1.1411 324.0 200.2 55.0
25 -11 1433 Jan 06 01:40:46 273 -7013 T p- -0.3829 2.1570 1.1538 323.1 200.3 57.1
26 -10 1451 Jan 17 10:19:23 251 -6790 T p- -0.3754 2.1687 1.1695 322.3 200.6 59.5
27 -09 1469 Jan 27 18:53:18 229 -6567 T p- -0.3632 2.1888 1.1940 321.8 201.3 63.1
28 -08 1487 Feb 08 03:22:49 209 -6344 T p- -0.3469 2.2163 1.2262 321.3 202.3 67.3
29 -07 1505 Feb 18 11:45:03 190 -6121 T p- -0.3240 2.2559 1.2708 321.2 203.7 72.4
30 -06 1523 Mar 01 20:02:00 173 -5898 T p- -0.2961 2.3045 1.3244 321.2 205.3 77.7
31 -05 1541 Mar 12 04:11:19 157 -5675 T- p- -0.2612 2.3661 1.3912 321.3 207.1 83.3
32 -04 1559 Mar 23 12:13:18 143 -5452 T- p- -0.2197 2.4397 1.4698 321.5 209.0 88.5
33 -03 1577 Apr 02 20:08:13 131 -5229 T- p- -0.1719 2.5248 1.5598 321.7 210.7 93.1
34 -02 1595 Apr 24 03:56:44 121 -5006 T- p- -0.1184 2.6206 1.6602 321.7 212.0 96.7
35 -01 1613 May 04 11:39:03 103 -4783 T- pp -0.0593 2.7271 1.7709 321.4 212.8 99.0
36 00 1631 May 15 19:15:41 77 -4560 T+ pp 0.0052 2.8245 1.8721 320.7 213.0 99.8
37 01 1649 May 26 02:48:36 50 -4337 T+ pp 0.0732 2.6981 1.7489 319.6 212.2 98.6
38 02 1667 Jun 06 10:18:29 26 -4114 T+ pp 0.1438 2.5671 1.6205 317.8 210.4 95.2
39 03 1685 Jun 16 17:45:43 11 -3891 T+ -p 0.2172 2.4314 1.4869 315.4 207.5 89.0
40 04 1703 Jun 29 01:12:47 9 -3668 T -p 0.2910 2.2953 1.3522 312.4 203.4 79.5
TD of Phase
Seq. Rel. Calendar Greatest Luna Ecl. Pen. Um. ---- Durations ----
Num. Num. Date Eclipse ΔT Num Type QSE Gamma Mag. Mag. Pen. Par. Total
s m m m
41 05 1721 Jul 09 08:39:47 10 -3445 T -p 0.3650 2.1590 1.2167 308.7 198.1 65.2
42 06 1739 Jul 20 16:09:12 11 -3222 T -a 0.4373 2.0265 1.0842 304.5 191.7 42.3
43 07 1757 Jul 30 23:39:48 14 -2999 P -a 0.5087 1.8957 0.9529 299.6 183.9 -
44 08 1775 Aug 11 07:15:46 16 -2776 P -a 0.5755 1.7737 0.8298 294.4 175.2 -
45 09 1793 Aug 21 14:55:22 16 -2553 P -a 0.6392 1.6576 0.7120 288.8 165.5 -
46 10 1811 Sep 02 22:41:52 12 -2330 P -a 0.6972 1.5522 0.6045 283.3 155.1 -
47 11 1829 Sep 13 06:33:27 8 -2107 P -a 0.7509 1.4550 0.5046 277.7 143.9 -
48 12 1847 Sep 24 14:33:44 7 -1884 P -a 0.7973 1.3714 0.4181 272.5 132.7 -
49 13 1865 Oct 04 22:40:01 5 -1661 P -a 0.8386 1.2973 0.3408 267.6 121.2 -
50 14 1883 Oct 16 06:54:15 -6 -1438 P -a 0.8732 1.2355 0.2757 263.3 110.1 -
51 15 1901 Oct 27 15:15:18 -0 -1215 P -a 0.9021 1.1841 0.2208 259.6 99.4 -
52 16 1919 Nov 07 23:44:28 21 -992 P -a 0.9246 1.1445 0.1780 256.7 89.8 -
53 17 1937 Nov 18 08:19:26 24 -769 P -a 0.9421 1.1141 0.1443 254.5 81.3 -
54 18 1955 Nov 29 17:00:00 31 -546 P -a 0.9551 1.0917 0.1190 253.0 74.2 -
55 19 1973 Dec 10 01:45:06 44 -323 P -a 0.9644 1.0760 0.1007 252.0 68.5 -
56 20 1991 Dec 21 10:34:00 58 -100 P -a 0.9709 1.0651 0.0876 251.5 64.1 -
57 21 2009 Dec 31 19:23:46 67 123 P -a 0.9765 1.0556 0.0763 251.1 60.0 -
58 22 2028 Jan 12 04:14:13 76 346 P -a 0.9817 1.0468 0.0662 250.7 56.0 -
59 23 2046 Jan 22 13:02:37 90 569 P -a 0.9885 1.0347 0.0532 250.0 50.4 -
60 24 2064 Feb 02 21:48:57 122 792 P -a 0.9969 1.0197 0.0377 249.0 42.5 -
61 25 2082 Feb 13 06:29:19 161 1015 P -a 1.0101 0.9955 0.0134 247.2 25.5 -
62 26 2100 Feb 24 15:05:11 203 1238 N -a 1.0267 0.9649 -0.0170 244.6 - -
63 27 2118 Mar 07 23:33:04 246 1461 N -a 1.0496 0.9228 -0.0588 240.8 - -
64 28 2136 Mar 18 07:53:55 292 1684 N -a 1.0778 0.8707 -0.1103 235.6 - -
65 29 2154 Mar 29 16:05:07 337 1907 N -a 1.1135 0.8049 -0.1757 228.6 - -
66 30 2172 Apr 09 00:08:52 376 2130 N -a 1.1548 0.7289 -0.2513 219.8 - -
67 31 2190 Apr 20 08:03:22 418 2353 N -a 1.2034 0.6397 -0.3402 208.3 - -
68 32 2208 May 01 15:49:06 462 2576 N -a 1.2583 0.5389 -0.4410 193.6 - -
69 33 2226 May 12 23:26:43 507 2799 N -a 1.3191 0.4276 -0.5527 174.8 - -
70 34 2244 May 23 06:56:57 555 3022 N -a 1.3850 0.3070 -0.6741 150.3 - -
71 35 2262 Jun 03 14:20:47 605 3245 N -a 1.4554 0.1784 -0.8039 116.3 - -
72 36 2280 Jun 13 21:38:07 657 3468 Ne -a 1.5302 0.0420 -0.9420 57.3 - -
[1] The Moon's orbit is inclined about 5 degrees to Earth's orbit around the Sun. The points where the lunar orbit intersects the plane of Earth's orbit are known as the nodes. The Moon moves from south to north of Earth's orbit at the ascending node, and from north to south at the descending node.
[2]Greatest eclipse is defined as the instant when Moon passes closest to the axis of Earth's shadow.
The Gregorian calendar is used for all dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates. The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions ). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..
The coordinates of the Sun used in these predictions are based on the VSOP87 theory [Bretagnon and Francou, 1988]. The Moon's coordinates are based on the ELP-2000/82 theory [Chapront-Touze and Chapront, 1983]. For more information, see: Solar and Lunar Ephemerides. The revised value used for the Moon's secular acceleration is n-dot = -25.858 arc-sec/cy*cy, as deduced from the Apollo lunar laser ranging experiment (Chapront, Chapront-Touze, and Francou, 2002).
The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:
A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -1999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.
The Besselian elements used in the predictions were kindly provided by Jean Meeus. All eclipse calculations are by Fred Espenak, and he assumes full responsibility for their accuracy. Some of the information presented on this web site is based on data originally published in Five Millennium Canon of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 and Five Millennium Catalog of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000.
Permission is freely granted to reproduce this data when accompanied by an acknowledgment:
"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak and Jean Meeus (NASA's GSFC)"
