The periodicity and recurrence of lunar (and solar) eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node[1] with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and at the same time of year. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 15 centuries and contains 70 or more lunar eclipses.
Lunar eclipses of Saros 119 all occur at the Moon’s descending node and the Moon moves northward with each eclipse. The series began with a penumbral eclipse near the southern edge of the penumbra on 0935 Oct 14. The series will end with a penumbral eclipse near the northern edge of the penumbra on 2396 Mar 25. The total duration of Saros series 119 is 1460.44 years. In summary:
First Eclipse = 0935 Oct 14 19:25:58 TD
Last Eclipse = 2396 Mar 25 10:01:24 TD
Duration of Saros 119 = 1460.44 Years
Saros 119 is composed of 82 lunar eclipses as follows:
| Lunar Eclipses of Saros 119 | |||
| Eclipse Type | Symbol | Number | Percent |
| All Eclipses | - | 82 | 100.0% |
| Penumbral | N | 40 | 48.8% |
| Partial | P | 14 | 17.1% |
| Total | T | 28 | 34.1% |
The 82 lunar eclipses in Saros 119 occur in the order of 20N 8P 28T 6P 20N which corresponds to:
20 Penumbral
8 Partial
28 Total
6 Partial
20 Penumbral
The longest and shortest eclipses of Saros 119 are as follows.
Longest Total Lunar Eclipse: 1801 Mar 30 Duration = 01h42m06s
Shortest Total Lunar Eclipse: 1927 Jun 15 Duration = 00h17m42s
Longest Partial Lunar Eclipse: 1945 Jun 25 Duration = 03h12m42s
Shortest Partial Lunar Eclipse: 1296 May 18 Duration = 01h02m17s
Longest Penumbral Lunar Eclipse: 2053 Aug 29 Duration = 04h37m45s
Shortest Penumbral Lunar Eclipse: 0935 Oct 14 Duration = 00h57m54s
The largest and smallest magnitude partial eclipses of Saros 119 are:
Largest Partial Lunar Eclipse: 1422 Aug 02 Magnitude = 0.9817
Smallest Partial Lunar Eclipse: 1296 May 18 Magnitude = 0.0835
Local circumstances at greatest eclipse[2] for every lunar eclipse of Saros 119 are presented in the following catalog. For eclipses occurring between the years -1999 to +3000 (2000 BCE to 3000 CE), the sequence number in the first column links to a eclipse geometry diagram and a map from Five Millennium Canon of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000. A detailed key and additional information about the catalog can be found at: Key to Catalog of Lunar Eclipse Saros Series.
TD of Phase
Seq. Rel. Calendar Greatest Luna Ecl. Pen. Um. ---- Durations ----
Num. Num. Date Eclipse ΔT Num Type QSE Gamma Mag. Mag. Pen. Par. Total
s m m m
01 -48 0935 Oct 14 19:25:58 1947 -13163 N a- -1.5283 0.0450 -0.9379 57.9 - -
02 -47 0953 Oct 25 03:56:18 1833 -12940 N a- -1.5085 0.0814 -0.9018 77.4 - -
03 -46 0971 Nov 05 12:34:29 1724 -12717 N a- -1.4945 0.1072 -0.8761 88.5 - -
04 -45 0989 Nov 15 21:17:18 1619 -12494 N a- -1.4842 0.1259 -0.8571 95.6 - -
05 -44 1007 Nov 27 06:04:31 1519 -12271 N a- -1.4772 0.1385 -0.8438 99.9 - -
06 -43 1025 Dec 07 14:53:57 1424 -12048 N a- -1.4718 0.1477 -0.8335 102.9 - -
07 -42 1043 Dec 18 23:45:22 1333 -11825 N a- -1.4678 0.1543 -0.8254 104.9 - -
08 -41 1061 Dec 29 08:34:39 1247 -11602 N a- -1.4621 0.1638 -0.8139 107.8 - -
09 -40 1080 Jan 09 17:22:50 1165 -11379 N a- -1.4555 0.1747 -0.8005 111.1 - -
10 -39 1098 Jan 20 02:06:11 1088 -11156 N a- -1.4449 0.1928 -0.7796 116.3 - -
11 -38 1116 Jan 31 10:45:59 1015 -10933 N a- -1.4315 0.2157 -0.7536 122.5 - -
12 -37 1134 Feb 10 19:17:59 946 -10710 N a- -1.4116 0.2505 -0.7155 131.4 - -
13 -36 1152 Feb 22 03:44:59 881 -10487 N a- -1.3878 0.2925 -0.6699 141.2 - -
14 -35 1170 Mar 04 12:03:29 821 -10264 N a- -1.3569 0.3475 -0.6115 152.9 - -
15 -34 1188 Mar 14 20:15:07 764 -10041 N a- -1.3205 0.4125 -0.5431 165.4 - -
16 -33 1206 Mar 26 04:18:08 711 -9818 N a- -1.2770 0.4907 -0.4617 178.9 - -
17 -32 1224 Apr 05 12:15:00 662 -9595 N a- -1.2286 0.5780 -0.3714 192.4 - -
18 -31 1242 Apr 16 20:04:30 615 -9372 N a- -1.1740 0.6770 -0.2699 206.0 - -
19 -30 1260 Apr 27 03:47:29 572 -9149 N a- -1.1141 0.7858 -0.1590 219.4 - -
20 -29 1278 May 08 11:25:14 531 -8926 N a- -1.0501 0.9025 -0.0408 232.3 - -
21 -28 1296 May 18 18:58:30 494 -8703 P a- -0.9826 1.0258 0.0835 244.5 62.3 -
22 -27 1314 May 30 02:28:18 458 -8480 P a- -0.9123 1.1547 0.2128 255.9 97.7 -
23 -26 1332 Jun 09 09:55:11 425 -8257 P a- -0.8396 1.2881 0.3459 266.5 122.3 -
24 -25 1350 Jun 20 17:21:47 394 -8034 P a- -0.7670 1.4219 0.4788 276.0 141.2 -
25 -24 1368 Jul 01 00:48:23 365 -7811 P a- -0.6948 1.5552 0.6105 284.5 156.4 -
26 -23 1386 Jul 12 08:15:58 337 -7588 P a- -0.6236 1.6869 0.7399 292.1 168.9 -
27 -22 1404 Jul 22 15:46:36 311 -7365 P a- -0.5553 1.8137 0.8639 298.6 178.9 -
28 -21 1422 Aug 02 23:20:42 287 -7142 P a- -0.4902 1.9348 0.9817 304.3 187.1 -
29 -20 1440 Aug 13 07:00:03 263 -6919 T a- -0.4299 2.0475 1.0904 309.1 193.5 44.1
30 -19 1458 Aug 24 14:43:49 241 -6696 T p- -0.3737 2.1528 1.1913 313.2 198.7 62.2
31 -18 1476 Sep 03 22:34:58 221 -6473 T p- -0.3243 2.2458 1.2797 316.7 202.7 73.1
32 -17 1494 Sep 15 06:32:25 201 -6250 T p- -0.2805 2.3287 1.3576 319.6 205.8 80.5
33 -16 1512 Sep 25 14:37:20 183 -6027 T- p- -0.2434 2.3993 1.4232 322.1 208.1 85.6
34 -15 1530 Oct 06 22:49:14 166 -5804 T- p- -0.2126 2.4583 1.4771 324.3 209.9 89.0
35 -14 1548 Oct 17 07:08:29 151 -5581 T- p- -0.1885 2.5051 1.5189 326.1 211.2 91.4
36 -13 1566 Oct 28 15:34:06 137 -5358 T- p- -0.1704 2.5409 1.5498 327.8 212.2 92.9
37 -12 1584 Nov 18 00:04:27 126 -5135 T- p- -0.1567 2.5683 1.5727 329.3 213.1 94.0
38 -11 1602 Nov 29 08:40:26 115 -4912 T- p- -0.1482 2.5860 1.5861 330.7 213.7 94.6
39 -10 1620 Dec 09 17:19:13 93 -4689 T- p- -0.1423 2.5987 1.5951 332.0 214.3 95.1
40 -09 1638 Dec 21 02:00:39 66 -4466 T- pp -0.1393 2.6058 1.5989 333.3 214.8 95.4
TD of Phase
Seq. Rel. Calendar Greatest Luna Ecl. Pen. Um. ---- Durations ----
Num. Num. Date Eclipse ΔT Num Type QSE Gamma Mag. Mag. Pen. Par. Total
s m m m
41 -08 1656 Dec 31 10:41:02 39 -4243 T- pp -0.1359 2.6134 1.6037 334.5 215.4 95.7
42 -07 1675 Jan 11 19:21:44 18 -4020 T- pp -0.1334 2.6192 1.6073 335.7 216.0 96.0
43 -06 1693 Jan 22 03:58:35 8 -3797 T- pp -0.1278 2.6302 1.6167 336.9 216.7 96.6
44 -05 1711 Feb 03 12:31:30 9 -3574 T- pp -0.1197 2.6458 1.6310 338.1 217.5 97.3
45 -04 1729 Feb 13 20:57:43 10 -3351 T- pp -0.1065 2.6705 1.6548 339.4 218.4 98.2
46 -03 1747 Feb 25 05:17:43 12 -3128 T- pp -0.0887 2.7034 1.6871 340.7 219.4 99.3
47 -02 1765 Mar 07 13:28:56 15 -2905 T- pp -0.0643 2.7483 1.7318 342.0 220.5 100.5
48 -01 1783 Mar 18 21:31:30 17 -2682 T- pp -0.0333 2.8053 1.7886 343.3 221.5 101.5
49 00 1801 Mar 30 05:24:05 13 -2459 T+ pp 0.0052 2.8569 1.8400 344.5 222.3 102.1
50 01 1819 Apr 10 13:07:53 12 -2236 T+ pp 0.0502 2.7745 1.7574 345.4 222.7 101.8
51 02 1837 Apr 20 20:40:45 5 -2013 T+ pp 0.1033 2.6772 1.6597 346.0 222.5 100.2
52 03 1855 May 02 04:05:23 7 -1790 T+ -p 0.1625 2.5690 1.5509 346.1 221.5 96.5
53 04 1873 May 12 11:20:26 -2 -1567 T+ -p 0.2284 2.4484 1.4294 345.5 219.3 89.9
54 05 1891 May 23 18:29:11 -6 -1344 T -a 0.2988 2.3199 1.2996 344.1 215.7 79.1
55 06 1909 Jun 04 01:28:51 10 -1121 T -h 0.3755 2.1800 1.1580 341.6 210.2 60.4
56 07 1927 Jun 15 08:24:41 24 -898 T -t 0.4543 2.0365 1.0123 338.1 202.8 17.7
57 08 1945 Jun 25 15:14:22 27 -675 P -t 0.5370 1.8862 0.8593 333.3 192.7 -
58 09 1963 Jul 06 22:02:59 35 -452 P -t 0.6197 1.7360 0.7060 327.2 179.9 -
59 10 1981 Jul 17 04:47:40 52 -229 P -t 0.7045 1.5822 0.5486 319.6 163.2 -
60 11 1999 Jul 28 11:34:46 64 -6 P -t 0.7862 1.4342 0.3966 310.9 142.5 -
61 12 2017 Aug 07 18:21:38 70 217 P -t 0.8668 1.2886 0.2464 300.9 115.2 -
62 13 2035 Aug 19 01:12:15 81 440 P -t 0.9433 1.1507 0.1037 289.8 76.5 -
63 14 2053 Aug 29 08:05:50 100 663 Nx -t 1.0164 1.0191 -0.0330 277.8 - -
64 15 2071 Sep 09 15:05:41 138 886 N -t 1.0834 0.8989 -0.1586 265.2 - -
65 16 2089 Sep 19 22:11:17 179 1109 N -t 1.1447 0.7893 -0.2737 252.2 - -
66 17 2107 Oct 02 05:23:19 221 1332 N -t 1.1997 0.6911 -0.3775 239.2 - -
67 18 2125 Oct 12 12:43:06 265 1555 N -t 1.2476 0.6061 -0.4679 226.6 - -
68 19 2143 Oct 23 20:10:38 312 1778 N -t 1.2885 0.5336 -0.5457 214.8 - -
69 20 2161 Nov 03 03:45:49 353 2001 N -t 1.3226 0.4736 -0.6107 204.1 - -
70 21 2179 Nov 14 11:28:05 394 2224 N -t 1.3504 0.4249 -0.6641 194.8 - -
71 22 2197 Nov 24 19:17:17 436 2447 N -t 1.3722 0.3870 -0.7061 187.0 - -
72 23 2215 Dec 07 03:12:05 481 2670 N -t 1.3891 0.3578 -0.7388 180.7 - -
73 24 2233 Dec 17 11:10:37 527 2893 N -t 1.4027 0.3343 -0.7651 175.4 - -
74 25 2251 Dec 28 19:12:49 576 3116 N -t 1.4131 0.3163 -0.7853 171.1 - -
75 26 2270 Jan 08 03:16:20 627 3339 N -t 1.4224 0.2999 -0.8031 167.1 - -
76 27 2288 Jan 19 11:19:30 680 3562 N -t 1.4316 0.2832 -0.8203 162.8 - -
77 28 2306 Jan 30 19:20:01 734 3785 N -t 1.4427 0.2627 -0.8406 157.2 - -
78 29 2324 Feb 11 03:17:27 791 4008 N -t 1.4561 0.2377 -0.8646 149.9 - -
79 30 2342 Feb 21 11:09:44 850 4231 N -t 1.4735 0.2049 -0.8958 139.6 - -
80 31 2360 Mar 03 18:54:38 912 4454 N -t 1.4964 0.1618 -0.9366 124.5 - -
TD of Phase
Seq. Rel. Calendar Greatest Luna Ecl. Pen. Um. ---- Durations ----
Num. Num. Date Eclipse ΔT Num Type QSE Gamma Mag. Mag. Pen. Par. Total
s m m m
81 32 2378 Mar 15 02:32:23 975 4677 N -t 1.5246 0.1087 -0.9871 102.5 - -
82 33 2396 Mar 25 10:01:24 1040 4900 Ne -t 1.5593 0.0434 -1.0492 65.1 - -
[1] The Moon's orbit is inclined about 5 degrees to Earth's orbit around the Sun. The points where the lunar orbit intersects the plane of Earth's orbit are known as the nodes. The Moon moves from south to north of Earth's orbit at the ascending node, and from north to south at the descending node.
[2]Greatest eclipse is defined as the instant when Moon passes closest to the axis of Earth's shadow.
The Gregorian calendar is used for all dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates. The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions ). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..
The coordinates of the Sun used in these predictions are based on the VSOP87 theory [Bretagnon and Francou, 1988]. The Moon's coordinates are based on the ELP-2000/82 theory [Chapront-Touze and Chapront, 1983]. For more information, see: Solar and Lunar Ephemerides. The revised value used for the Moon's secular acceleration is n-dot = -25.858 arc-sec/cy*cy, as deduced from the Apollo lunar laser ranging experiment (Chapront, Chapront-Touze, and Francou, 2002).
The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:
A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -1999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.
The Besselian elements used in the predictions were kindly provided by Jean Meeus. All eclipse calculations are by Fred Espenak, and he assumes full responsibility for their accuracy. Some of the information presented on this web site is based on data originally published in Five Millennium Canon of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 and Five Millennium Catalog of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000.
Permission is freely granted to reproduce this data when accompanied by an acknowledgment:
"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak and Jean Meeus (NASA's GSFC)"
