The periodicity and recurrence of lunar (and solar) eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node[1] with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and at the same time of year. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 15 centuries and contains 70 or more lunar eclipses.
Lunar eclipses of Saros 147 all occur at the Moon’s descending node and the Moon moves northward with each eclipse. The series began with a penumbral eclipse near the southern edge of the penumbra on 1890 Jul 02. The series will end with a penumbral eclipse near the northern edge of the penumbra on 3134 Jul 28. The total duration of Saros series 147 is 1244.08 years. In summary:
First Eclipse = 1890 Jul 02 14:08:36 TD
Last Eclipse = 3134 Jul 28 07:37:35 TD
Duration of Saros 147 = 1244.08 Years
Saros 147 is composed of 70 lunar eclipses as follows:
| Lunar Eclipses of Saros 147 | |||
| Eclipse Type | Symbol | Number | Percent |
| All Eclipses | - | 70 | 100.0% |
| Penumbral | N | 16 | 22.9% |
| Partial | P | 42 | 60.0% |
| Total | T | 12 | 17.1% |
The 70 lunar eclipses in Saros 147 occur in the order of 8N 23P 12T 19P 8N which corresponds to:
8 Penumbral
23 Partial
12 Total
19 Partial
8 Penumbral
The longest and shortest eclipses of Saros 147 are as follows.
Longest Total Lunar Eclipse: 2539 Aug 01 Duration = 01h45m18s
Shortest Total Lunar Eclipse: 2647 Oct 05 Duration = 00h31m17s
Longest Partial Lunar Eclipse: 2665 Oct 16 Duration = 03h24m43s
Shortest Partial Lunar Eclipse: 2034 Sep 28 Duration = 00h26m42s
Longest Penumbral Lunar Eclipse: 3008 May 12 Duration = 04h49m25s
Shortest Penumbral Lunar Eclipse: 1890 Jul 02 Duration = 01h25m15s
The largest and smallest magnitude partial eclipses of Saros 147 are:
Largest Partial Lunar Eclipse: 2431 May 27 Magnitude = 0.9651
Smallest Partial Lunar Eclipse: 2034 Sep 28 Magnitude = 0.0144
Local circumstances at greatest eclipse[2] for every lunar eclipse of Saros 147 are presented in the following catalog. For eclipses occurring between the years -1999 to +3000 (2000 BCE to 3000 CE), the sequence number in the first column links to a eclipse geometry diagram and a map from Five Millennium Canon of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000. A detailed key and additional information about the catalog can be found at: Key to Catalog of Lunar Eclipse Saros Series.
TD of Phase
Seq. Rel. Calendar Greatest Luna Ecl. Pen. Um. ---- Durations ----
Num. Num. Date Eclipse ΔT Num Type QSE Gamma Mag. Mag. Pen. Par. Total
s m m m
01 -36 1890 Jul 02 14:08:36 -6 -1355 N a- -1.4871 0.1025 -0.8445 85.3 - -
02 -35 1908 Jul 13 21:33:55 8 -1132 N a- -1.4185 0.2292 -0.7195 126.3 - -
03 -34 1926 Jul 25 05:00:12 24 -909 N a- -1.3511 0.3542 -0.5970 155.5 - -
04 -33 1944 Aug 04 12:26:51 27 -686 N a- -1.2842 0.4785 -0.4758 179.1 - -
05 -32 1962 Aug 15 19:57:30 34 -463 N a- -1.2210 0.5963 -0.3616 198.2 - -
06 -31 1980 Aug 26 03:31:20 51 -240 N a- -1.1608 0.7089 -0.2531 214.4 - -
07 -30 1998 Sep 06 11:11:11 63 -17 N a- -1.1057 0.8121 -0.1544 227.8 - -
08 -29 2016 Sep 16 18:55:27 70 206 N a- -1.0548 0.9080 -0.0635 239.3 - -
09 -28 2034 Sep 28 02:47:37 81 429 P a- -1.0110 0.9911 0.0144 248.7 26.7 -
10 -27 2052 Oct 08 10:45:58 99 652 P a- -0.9726 1.0642 0.0821 256.6 63.3 -
11 -26 2070 Oct 19 18:51:12 137 875 P a- -0.9406 1.1258 0.1383 263.2 81.7 -
12 -25 2088 Oct 30 03:03:20 177 1098 P a- -0.9147 1.1761 0.1831 268.5 93.6 -
13 -24 2106 Nov 11 11:22:14 219 1321 P a- -0.8947 1.2153 0.2171 272.8 101.7 -
14 -23 2124 Nov 21 19:47:21 263 1544 P a- -0.8808 1.2434 0.2401 276.1 106.9 -
15 -22 2142 Dec 03 04:16:11 309 1767 P a- -0.8704 1.2648 0.2569 278.9 110.6 -
16 -21 2160 Dec 13 12:50:19 351 1990 P a- -0.8650 1.2768 0.2646 280.8 112.4 -
17 -20 2178 Dec 24 21:26:20 392 2213 P a- -0.8614 1.2853 0.2694 282.5 113.6 -
18 -19 2197 Jan 04 06:04:04 434 2436 P a- -0.8601 1.2894 0.2703 283.8 114.1 -
19 -18 2215 Jan 16 14:40:00 479 2659 P a- -0.8578 1.2950 0.2732 285.2 115.0 -
20 -17 2233 Jan 26 23:15:04 525 2882 P a- -0.8553 1.3006 0.2767 286.6 116.0 -
21 -16 2251 Feb 07 07:45:40 574 3105 P a- -0.8497 1.3117 0.2862 288.4 118.1 -
22 -15 2269 Feb 17 16:11:18 624 3328 P a- -0.8406 1.3289 0.3023 290.7 121.5 -
23 -14 2287 Mar 01 00:30:02 677 3551 P a- -0.8265 1.3553 0.3278 293.6 126.4 -
24 -13 2305 Mar 12 08:41:35 732 3774 P a- -0.8072 1.3909 0.3629 297.2 132.7 -
25 -12 2323 Mar 23 16:43:41 789 3997 P h- -0.7809 1.4392 0.4110 301.6 140.6 -
26 -11 2341 Apr 03 00:36:59 848 4220 P h- -0.7480 1.4997 0.4713 306.6 149.6 -
27 -10 2359 Apr 14 08:20:06 909 4443 P t- -0.7077 1.5737 0.5452 312.4 159.6 -
28 -09 2377 Apr 24 15:54:42 972 4666 P t- -0.6611 1.6595 0.6307 318.5 169.8 -
29 -08 2395 May 05 23:17:48 1037 4889 P t- -0.6059 1.7608 0.7316 325.0 180.5 -
30 -07 2413 May 16 06:33:36 1104 5112 P t- -0.5457 1.8718 0.8419 331.5 190.5 -
31 -06 2431 May 27 13:39:33 1173 5335 P t- -0.4783 1.9959 0.9651 338.0 200.2 -
32 -05 2449 Jun 06 20:40:00 1245 5558 T t- -0.4068 2.1278 1.0956 344.0 208.7 48.3
33 -04 2467 Jun 18 03:31:37 1318 5781 T p- -0.3290 2.2713 1.2374 349.5 216.3 72.8
34 -03 2485 Jun 28 10:20:45 1394 6004 T- pp -0.2499 2.4177 1.3816 354.2 222.4 87.8
35 -02 2503 Jul 10 17:04:26 1471 6227 T- pp -0.1673 2.5705 1.5317 358.1 227.0 97.7
36 -01 2521 Jul 20 23:47:33 1551 6450 T- pp -0.0849 2.7232 1.6814 361.1 229.9 103.3
37 00 2539 Aug 01 06:28:18 1633 6673 T- pp -0.0012 2.8786 1.8333 363.0 231.3 105.3
38 01 2557 Aug 11 13:11:57 1716 6896 T+ pp 0.0794 2.7370 1.6879 363.9 231.1 103.8
39 02 2575 Aug 22 19:56:32 1802 7119 T+ pp 0.1584 2.5943 1.5408 364.0 229.3 98.8
40 03 2593 Sep 02 02:44:50 1890 7342 T+ pp 0.2335 2.4587 1.4006 363.2 226.2 90.3
TD of Phase
Seq. Rel. Calendar Greatest Luna Ecl. Pen. Um. ---- Durations ----
Num. Num. Date Eclipse ΔT Num Type QSE Gamma Mag. Mag. Pen. Par. Total
s m m m
41 04 2611 Sep 14 09:37:36 1980 7565 T -t 0.3042 2.3315 1.2685 361.7 221.9 77.8
42 05 2629 Sep 24 16:36:45 2072 7788 T -t 0.3690 2.2151 1.1472 359.7 216.7 60.2
43 06 2647 Oct 05 23:42:33 2166 8011 T -t 0.4277 2.1100 1.0370 357.4 210.9 31.3
44 07 2665 Oct 16 06:55:19 2263 8234 P -t 0.4800 2.0165 0.9385 354.9 204.7 -
45 08 2683 Oct 27 14:16:32 2361 8457 P -t 0.5247 1.9369 0.8540 352.5 198.6 -
46 09 2701 Nov 07 21:45:22 2461 8680 P -t 0.5629 1.8693 0.7818 350.3 192.7 -
47 10 2719 Nov 19 05:21:16 2564 8903 P -t 0.5947 1.8131 0.7212 348.3 187.3 -
48 11 2737 Nov 29 13:04:48 2668 9126 P -t 0.6201 1.7684 0.6727 346.6 182.6 -
49 12 2755 Dec 10 20:54:39 2775 9349 P -t 0.6402 1.7333 0.6342 345.3 178.6 -
50 13 2773 Dec 21 04:50:12 2884 9572 P -t 0.6553 1.7068 0.6051 344.3 175.4 -
51 14 2792 Jan 01 12:48:24 2994 9795 P -t 0.6682 1.6842 0.5804 343.4 172.6 -
52 15 2810 Jan 11 20:50:27 3107 10018 P -t 0.6779 1.6669 0.5620 342.6 170.5 -
53 16 2828 Jan 23 04:52:44 3222 10241 P -t 0.6877 1.6493 0.5439 341.7 168.3 -
54 17 2846 Feb 02 12:54:05 3339 10464 P -t 0.6979 1.6303 0.5253 340.5 165.9 -
55 18 2864 Feb 13 20:52:07 3458 10687 P -t 0.7108 1.6061 0.5022 338.9 162.8 -
56 19 2882 Feb 24 04:46:33 3579 10910 P -t 0.7267 1.5761 0.4740 336.8 158.9 -
57 20 2900 Mar 07 12:35:27 3702 11133 P -t 0.7471 1.5374 0.4377 333.9 153.6 -
58 21 2918 Mar 18 20:16:49 3827 11356 P -t 0.7735 1.4874 0.3907 330.0 146.1 -
59 22 2936 Mar 29 03:51:11 3955 11579 P -t 0.8056 1.4267 0.3334 325.0 136.1 -
60 23 2954 Apr 09 11:16:53 4084 11802 P -t 0.8444 1.3536 0.2641 318.7 122.3 -
61 24 2972 Apr 19 18:34:31 4216 12025 P -t 0.8899 1.2681 0.1826 310.8 102.9 -
62 25 2990 May 01 01:43:20 4349 12248 P -t 0.9427 1.1692 0.0880 301.1 72.3 -
63 26 3008 May 12 08:44:58 4485 12471 Nx -t 1.0011 1.0598 -0.0173 289.4 - -
64 27 3026 May 23 15:39:32 4622 12694 N -t 1.0652 0.9401 -0.1328 275.4 - -
65 28 3044 Jun 02 22:27:13 4762 12917 N -t 1.1350 0.8101 -0.2588 258.4 - -
66 29 3062 Jun 14 05:10:19 4904 13140 N -t 1.2083 0.6737 -0.3914 238.3 - -
67 30 3080 Jun 24 11:49:03 5048 13363 N -t 1.2850 0.5311 -0.5305 213.9 - -
68 31 3098 Jul 05 18:26:12 5194 13586 N -t 1.3633 0.3858 -0.6726 184.3 - -
69 32 3116 Jul 17 01:00:59 5342 13809 N -t 1.4434 0.2375 -0.8182 146.2 - -
70 33 3134 Jul 28 07:37:35 5492 14032 Ne -t 1.5220 0.0919 -0.9612 91.9 - -
[1] The Moon's orbit is inclined about 5 degrees to Earth's orbit around the Sun. The points where the lunar orbit intersects the plane of Earth's orbit are known as the nodes. The Moon moves from south to north of Earth's orbit at the ascending node, and from north to south at the descending node.
[2]Greatest eclipse is defined as the instant when Moon passes closest to the axis of Earth's shadow.
The Gregorian calendar is used for all dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates. The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions ). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..
The coordinates of the Sun used in these predictions are based on the VSOP87 theory [Bretagnon and Francou, 1988]. The Moon's coordinates are based on the ELP-2000/82 theory [Chapront-Touze and Chapront, 1983]. For more information, see: Solar and Lunar Ephemerides. The revised value used for the Moon's secular acceleration is n-dot = -25.858 arc-sec/cy*cy, as deduced from the Apollo lunar laser ranging experiment (Chapront, Chapront-Touze, and Francou, 2002).
The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:
A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -1999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.
The Besselian elements used in the predictions were kindly provided by Jean Meeus. All eclipse calculations are by Fred Espenak, and he assumes full responsibility for their accuracy. Some of the information presented on this web site is based on data originally published in Five Millennium Canon of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 and Five Millennium Catalog of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000.
Permission is freely granted to reproduce this data when accompanied by an acknowledgment:
"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak and Jean Meeus (NASA's GSFC)"
