The periodicity and recurrence of lunar (and solar) eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node[1] with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and at the same time of year. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 15 centuries and contains 70 or more lunar eclipses.
Lunar eclipses of Saros 149 all occur at the Moon’s descending node and the Moon moves northward with each eclipse. The series began with a penumbral eclipse near the southern edge of the penumbra on 1984 Jun 13. The series will end with a penumbral eclipse near the northern edge of the penumbra on 3246 Jul 20. The total duration of Saros series 149 is 1262.11 years. In summary:
First Eclipse = 1984 Jun 13 14:26:39 TD
Last Eclipse = 3246 Jul 20 21:38:34 TD
Duration of Saros 149 = 1262.11 Years
Saros 149 is composed of 71 lunar eclipses as follows:
| Lunar Eclipses of Saros 149 | |||
| Eclipse Type | Symbol | Number | Percent |
| All Eclipses | - | 71 | 100.0% |
| Penumbral | N | 14 | 19.7% |
| Partial | P | 42 | 59.2% |
| Total | T | 15 | 21.1% |
The 71 lunar eclipses in Saros 149 occur in the order of 7N 21P 15T 21P 7N which corresponds to:
7 Penumbral
21 Partial
15 Total
21 Partial
7 Penumbral
The longest and shortest eclipses of Saros 149 are as follows.
Longest Total Lunar Eclipse: 2615 Jul 03 Duration = 01h39m18s
Shortest Total Lunar Eclipse: 2489 Apr 16 Duration = 00h28m57s
Longest Partial Lunar Eclipse: 2471 Apr 05 Duration = 03h04m35s
Shortest Partial Lunar Eclipse: 3120 May 05 Duration = 00h31m13s
Longest Penumbral Lunar Eclipse: 3138 May 17 Duration = 04h12m23s
Shortest Penumbral Lunar Eclipse: 1984 Jun 13 Duration = 01h13m00s
The largest and smallest magnitude partial eclipses of Saros 149 are:
Largest Partial Lunar Eclipse: 2471 Apr 05 Magnitude = 0.9619
Smallest Partial Lunar Eclipse: 3120 May 05 Magnitude = 0.0185
Local circumstances at greatest eclipse[2] for every lunar eclipse of Saros 149 are presented in the following catalog. For eclipses occurring between the years -1999 to +3000 (2000 BCE to 3000 CE), the sequence number in the first column links to a eclipse geometry diagram and a map from Five Millennium Canon of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000. A detailed key and additional information about the catalog can be found at: Key to Catalog of Lunar Eclipse Saros Series.
TD of Phase
Seq. Rel. Calendar Greatest Luna Ecl. Pen. Um. ---- Durations ----
Num. Num. Date Eclipse ΔT Num Type QSE Gamma Mag. Mag. Pen. Par. Total
s m m m
01 -35 1984 Jun 13 14:26:39 54 -193 Nb a- -1.5239 0.0647 -0.9414 73.0 - -
02 -34 2002 Jun 24 21:28:13 64 30 N a- -1.4439 0.2095 -0.7925 129.1 - -
03 -33 2020 Jul 05 04:31:12 72 253 N a- -1.3638 0.3546 -0.6436 165.0 - -
04 -32 2038 Jul 16 11:35:56 84 476 N a- -1.2837 0.4999 -0.4952 192.4 - -
05 -31 2056 Jul 26 18:43:24 106 699 N a- -1.2048 0.6435 -0.3489 214.4 - -
06 -30 2074 Aug 07 01:56:03 145 922 N a- -1.1291 0.7813 -0.2091 232.2 - -
07 -29 2092 Aug 17 09:13:59 185 1145 N a- -1.0568 0.9131 -0.0757 246.7 - -
08 -28 2110 Aug 29 16:38:48 228 1368 P a- -0.9893 1.0365 0.0488 258.6 49.8 -
09 -27 2128 Sep 09 00:10:30 273 1591 P a- -0.9266 1.1513 0.1642 268.2 89.6 -
10 -26 2146 Sep 20 07:51:28 319 1814 P a- -0.8707 1.2537 0.2669 275.9 112.3 -
11 -25 2164 Sep 30 15:40:32 360 2037 P a- -0.8209 1.3449 0.3581 282.0 128.0 -
12 -24 2182 Oct 11 23:38:06 400 2260 P a- -0.7776 1.4246 0.4376 286.8 139.4 -
13 -23 2200 Oct 23 07:44:43 443 2483 P a- -0.7411 1.4917 0.5044 290.4 147.8 -
14 -22 2218 Nov 03 16:00:25 488 2706 P a- -0.7113 1.5465 0.5589 293.0 153.8 -
15 -21 2236 Nov 14 00:24:12 535 2929 P a- -0.6879 1.5896 0.6019 294.8 158.2 -
16 -20 2254 Nov 25 08:54:59 584 3152 P a- -0.6696 1.6231 0.6353 296.0 161.3 -
17 -19 2272 Dec 05 17:32:31 635 3375 P a- -0.6565 1.6470 0.6596 296.7 163.3 -
18 -18 2290 Dec 17 02:15:35 688 3598 P a- -0.6473 1.6636 0.6768 296.9 164.6 -
19 -17 2308 Dec 28 11:01:33 744 3821 P a- -0.6401 1.6763 0.6906 296.9 165.6 -
20 -16 2327 Jan 08 19:50:18 801 4044 P a- -0.6349 1.6851 0.7008 296.7 166.3 -
21 -15 2345 Jan 19 04:38:50 860 4267 P a- -0.6290 1.6948 0.7125 296.6 167.1 -
22 -14 2363 Jan 30 13:27:21 922 4490 P a- -0.6231 1.7045 0.7245 296.4 167.9 -
23 -13 2381 Feb 09 22:11:31 985 4713 P a- -0.6131 1.7214 0.7442 296.6 169.4 -
24 -12 2399 Feb 21 06:53:33 1051 4936 P a- -0.6013 1.7416 0.7675 297.0 171.1 -
25 -11 2417 Mar 03 15:29:02 1118 5159 P a- -0.5837 1.7721 0.8015 297.8 173.7 -
26 -10 2435 Mar 14 23:59:26 1188 5382 P a- -0.5619 1.8103 0.8434 298.9 176.7 -
27 -09 2453 Mar 25 08:21:32 1260 5605 P a- -0.5329 1.8615 0.8982 300.5 180.5 -
28 -08 2471 Apr 05 16:38:08 1334 5828 P a- -0.4993 1.9215 0.9619 302.4 184.6 -
29 -07 2489 Apr 16 00:46:37 1410 6051 T a- -0.4585 1.9945 1.0385 304.5 189.0 29.0
30 -06 2507 Apr 28 08:48:07 1488 6274 T a- -0.4117 2.0786 1.1261 306.8 193.6 51.0
31 -05 2525 May 08 16:42:30 1568 6497 T p- -0.3589 2.1739 1.2244 309.2 198.0 66.0
32 -04 2543 May 20 00:31:08 1650 6720 T p- -0.3011 2.2786 1.3317 311.4 202.1 77.5
33 -03 2561 May 30 08:13:38 1734 6943 T- p- -0.2381 2.3931 1.4485 313.5 205.7 86.4
34 -02 2579 Jun 10 15:51:26 1821 7166 T- p- -0.1708 2.5156 1.5728 315.2 208.5 92.9
35 -01 2597 Jun 20 23:25:26 1909 7389 T- pp -0.1005 2.6442 1.7025 316.4 210.5 97.3
36 00 2615 Jul 03 06:57:20 1999 7612 T- pp -0.0286 2.7759 1.8347 317.0 211.5 99.3
37 01 2633 Jul 13 14:26:23 2092 7835 T+ pp 0.0456 2.7446 1.8033 317.1 211.5 99.1
38 02 2651 Jul 24 21:56:01 2187 8058 T+ -p 0.1192 2.6099 1.6679 316.6 210.4 96.5
39 03 2669 Aug 04 05:25:20 2283 8281 T+ -p 0.1927 2.4758 1.5324 315.4 208.2 91.3
40 04 2687 Aug 15 12:57:37 2382 8504 T+ -p 0.2634 2.3470 1.4016 313.7 205.0 83.4
TD of Phase
Seq. Rel. Calendar Greatest Luna Ecl. Pen. Um. ---- Durations ----
Num. Num. Date Eclipse ΔT Num Type QSE Gamma Mag. Mag. Pen. Par. Total
s m m m
41 05 2705 Aug 26 20:31:01 2483 8727 T -p 0.3328 2.2210 1.2731 311.5 200.7 72.0
42 06 2723 Sep 07 04:10:10 2586 8950 T -a 0.3969 2.1050 1.1539 308.9 195.8 56.2
43 07 2741 Sep 17 11:52:55 2691 9173 T -a 0.4576 1.9954 1.0408 306.0 190.2 29.9
44 08 2759 Sep 28 19:42:45 2798 9396 P -a 0.5121 1.8973 0.9387 303.1 184.2 -
45 09 2777 Oct 09 03:37:45 2907 9619 P -a 0.5620 1.8080 0.8451 300.2 177.9 -
46 10 2795 Oct 20 11:41:11 3018 9842 P -a 0.6046 1.7321 0.7647 297.5 171.8 -
47 11 2813 Oct 30 19:50:33 3131 10065 P -a 0.6418 1.6662 0.6941 295.1 165.9 -
48 12 2831 Nov 11 04:07:08 3246 10288 P -a 0.6729 1.6115 0.6349 293.0 160.4 -
49 13 2849 Nov 21 12:30:21 3364 10511 P -a 0.6981 1.5676 0.5864 291.4 155.7 -
50 14 2867 Dec 02 21:00:11 3483 10734 P -a 0.7178 1.5335 0.5479 290.3 151.7 -
51 15 2885 Dec 13 05:35:06 3605 10957 P -a 0.7328 1.5082 0.5185 289.7 148.5 -
52 16 2903 Dec 25 14:13:38 3728 11180 P -a 0.7445 1.4885 0.4951 289.3 145.9 -
53 17 2922 Jan 04 22:55:38 3854 11403 P -a 0.7529 1.4748 0.4781 289.4 144.1 -
54 18 2940 Jan 16 07:38:56 3982 11626 P -a 0.7602 1.4627 0.4633 289.4 142.5 -
55 19 2958 Jan 26 16:21:51 4112 11849 P -a 0.7672 1.4511 0.4493 289.5 140.9 -
56 20 2976 Feb 07 01:03:02 4244 12072 P -a 0.7754 1.4370 0.4333 289.5 139.1 -
57 21 2994 Feb 17 09:41:01 4378 12295 P -a 0.7857 1.4188 0.4137 289.1 136.7 -
58 22 3012 Feb 29 18:14:35 4514 12518 P -a 0.7993 1.3944 0.3883 288.2 133.3 -
59 23 3030 Mar 12 02:41:30 4652 12741 P -a 0.8179 1.3606 0.3538 286.6 128.2 -
60 24 3048 Mar 22 11:01:59 4792 12964 P -a 0.8414 1.3176 0.3105 284.3 121.2 -
61 25 3066 Apr 02 19:14:15 4934 13187 P -a 0.8711 1.2633 0.2559 280.9 111.2 -
62 26 3084 Apr 13 03:17:50 5078 13410 P -a 0.9074 1.1967 0.1892 276.2 96.9 -
63 27 3102 Apr 25 11:12:11 5225 13633 P -a 0.9506 1.1175 0.1098 270.1 74.9 -
64 28 3120 May 05 18:57:43 5373 13856 P -a 1.0003 1.0264 0.0185 262.3 31.2 -
65 29 3138 May 17 02:34:46 5524 14079 N -a 1.0563 0.9240 -0.0844 252.4 - -
66 30 3156 May 27 10:01:55 5676 14302 N -a 1.1193 0.8088 -0.2003 239.8 - -
67 31 3174 Jun 07 17:21:58 5831 14525 N -a 1.1869 0.6853 -0.3249 224.3 - -
68 32 3192 Jun 18 00:33:55 5988 14748 N -h 1.2599 0.5521 -0.4596 204.7 - -
69 33 3210 Jun 29 07:40:41 6147 14971 N -h 1.3360 0.4134 -0.6002 180.2 - -
70 34 3228 Jul 09 14:40:47 6308 15194 N -h 1.4163 0.2673 -0.7487 147.4 - -
71 35 3246 Jul 20 21:38:34 6471 15417 N -h 1.4970 0.1206 -0.8983 100.8 - -
[1] The Moon's orbit is inclined about 5 degrees to Earth's orbit around the Sun. The points where the lunar orbit intersects the plane of Earth's orbit are known as the nodes. The Moon moves from south to north of Earth's orbit at the ascending node, and from north to south at the descending node.
[2]Greatest eclipse is defined as the instant when Moon passes closest to the axis of Earth's shadow.
The Gregorian calendar is used for all dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates. The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions ). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..
The coordinates of the Sun used in these predictions are based on the VSOP87 theory [Bretagnon and Francou, 1988]. The Moon's coordinates are based on the ELP-2000/82 theory [Chapront-Touze and Chapront, 1983]. For more information, see: Solar and Lunar Ephemerides. The revised value used for the Moon's secular acceleration is n-dot = -25.858 arc-sec/cy*cy, as deduced from the Apollo lunar laser ranging experiment (Chapront, Chapront-Touze, and Francou, 2002).
The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:
A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -1999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.
The Besselian elements used in the predictions were kindly provided by Jean Meeus. All eclipse calculations are by Fred Espenak, and he assumes full responsibility for their accuracy. Some of the information presented on this web site is based on data originally published in Five Millennium Canon of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 and Five Millennium Catalog of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000.
Permission is freely granted to reproduce this data when accompanied by an acknowledgment:
"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak and Jean Meeus (NASA's GSFC)"
