Catalog of Lunar Eclipse Saros Series

Saros Series 158

The periodicity and recurrence of lunar (and solar) eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node[1] with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and at the same time of year. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 15 centuries and contains 70 or more lunar eclipses.

Lunar eclipses of Saros 158 all occur at the Moon’s ascending node and the Moon moves southward with each eclipse. The series will begin with a penumbral eclipse near the northern edge of the penumbra on 2154 Oct 21. The series will end with a penumbral eclipse near the southern edge of the penumbra on 3597 Mar 17. The total duration of Saros series 158 is 1442.41 years. In summary:

                      First Eclipse =  2154 Oct 21   09:26:08 TD
                       Last Eclipse =  3597 Mar 17   04:26:16 TD

                      Duration of Saros 158  =  1442.41 Years

Saros 158 is composed of 81 lunar eclipses as follows:

Lunar Eclipses of Saros 158
Eclipse Type Symbol Number Percent
All Eclipses - 81100.0%
PenumbralN 38 46.9%
PartialP 15 18.5%
TotalT 28 34.6%

The 81 lunar eclipses in Saros 158 occur in the order of 20N 7P 28T 8P 18N which corresponds to:

                                    20  Penumbral
                                     7  Partial
                                    28  Total
                                     8  Partial
                                    18  Penumbral

The longest and shortest eclipses of Saros 158 are as follows.

            Longest  Total  Lunar Eclipse:    2803 Nov 20      Duration = 01h38m45s
           Shortest  Total  Lunar Eclipse:    2641 Aug 13      Duration = 00h30m34s

            Longest Partial Lunar Eclipse:    3146 Jun 16      Duration = 03h07m16s
           Shortest Partial Lunar Eclipse:    3272 Aug 31      Duration = 00h47m38s

          Longest Penumbral Lunar Eclipse:    2497 May 16      Duration = 04h09m54s
         Shortest Penumbral Lunar Eclipse:    3597 Mar 17      Duration = 00h47m07s

The largest and smallest magnitude partial eclipses of Saros 158 are:

            Largest Partial Lunar Eclipse:    3146 Jun 16      Magnitude = 0.9933
           Smallest Partial Lunar Eclipse:    3272 Aug 31      Magnitude = 0.0467

Local circumstances at greatest eclipse[2] for every lunar eclipse of Saros 158 are presented in the following catalog. For eclipses occurring between the years -1999 to +3000 (2000 BCE to 3000 CE), the sequence number in the first column links to a eclipse geometry diagram and a map from Five Millennium Canon of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000. A detailed key and additional information about the catalog can be found at: Key to Catalog of Lunar Eclipse Saros Series.



Catalog of Lunar Eclipses in Saros 158

                          TD of                                                          Phase
Seq. Rel.    Calendar   Greatest          Luna  Ecl.               Pen.    Um.    ---- Durations ---- 
Num. Num.      Date      Eclipse     ΔT    Num  Type QSE  Gamma    Mag.    Mag.    Pen.   Par.  Total
                                      s                                              m      m      m

 01  -36   2154 Oct 21  09:26:08    338   1914   Nb  t-   1.5560  0.0348 -1.0286   56.4    -      -  
 02  -35   2172 Oct 31  17:09:17    378   2137   N   h-   1.5197  0.1016 -0.9623   95.5    -      -  
 03  -34   2190 Nov 12  01:00:53    419   2360   N   h-   1.4894  0.1572 -0.9067  117.9    -      -  
 04  -33   2208 Nov 23  09:01:59    463   2583   N   h-   1.4659  0.2002 -0.8635  132.2    -      -  
 05  -32   2226 Dec 04  17:10:21    509   2806   N   h-   1.4479  0.2330 -0.8300  141.8    -      -  
 06  -31   2244 Dec 15  01:25:20    557   3029   N   a-   1.4340  0.2578 -0.8040  148.4    -      -  
 07  -30   2262 Dec 26  09:43:59    607   3252   N   a-   1.4226  0.2778 -0.7821  153.3    -      -  
 08  -29   2281 Jan 05  18:06:46    659   3475   N   a-   1.4136  0.2931 -0.7644  156.7    -      -  
 09  -28   2299 Jan 17  02:30:29    713   3698   N   a-   1.4048  0.3077 -0.7467  159.8    -      -  
 10  -27   2317 Jan 28  10:53:57    769   3921   N   a-   1.3953  0.3233 -0.7273  163.0    -      -  

 11  -26   2335 Feb 08  19:15:18    827   4144   N   a-   1.3834  0.3429 -0.7034  166.9    -      -  
 12  -25   2353 Feb 19  03:33:51    888   4367   N   a-   1.3686  0.3676 -0.6738  171.7    -      -  
 13  -24   2371 Mar 02  11:47:04    950   4590   N   a-   1.3489  0.4010 -0.6350  178.0    -      -  
 14  -23   2389 Mar 12  19:54:34   1014   4813   N   a-   1.3239  0.4441 -0.5863  185.8    -      -  
 15  -22   2407 Mar 24  03:55:49   1081   5036   N   a-   1.2931  0.4974 -0.5268  194.8    -      -  
 16  -21   2425 Apr 03  11:50:58   1149   5259   N   a-   1.2568  0.5609 -0.4572  204.7    -      -  
 17  -20   2443 Apr 14  19:37:49   1220   5482   N   a-   1.2128  0.6385 -0.3734  215.7    -      -  
 18  -19   2461 Apr 25  03:19:08   1293   5705   N   a-   1.1634  0.7261 -0.2797  227.0    -      -  
 19  -18   2479 May 06  10:53:14   1368   5928   N   a-   1.1070  0.8265 -0.1732  238.7    -      -  
 20  -17   2497 May 16  18:23:08   1444   6151   N   a-   1.0463  0.9350 -0.0590  249.9    -      -  

 21  -16   2515 May 29  01:46:15   1523   6374   P   a-   0.9791  1.0557  0.0671  261.0   58.4    -  
 22  -15   2533 Jun 08  09:07:46   1604   6597   P   a-   0.9093  1.1811  0.1975  271.2   98.1    -  
 23  -14   2551 Jun 19  16:25:17   1688   6820   P   a-   0.8350  1.3153  0.3361  280.7  125.0    -  
 24  -13   2569 Jun 29  23:42:27   1773   7043   P   a-   0.7595  1.4519  0.4767  289.1  145.4    -  
 25  -12   2587 Jul 11  06:58:13   1860   7266   P   a-   0.6818  1.5926  0.6208  296.6  161.7    -  
 26  -11   2605 Jul 22  14:16:22   1949   7489   P   a-   0.6052  1.7318  0.7628  302.9  174.7    -  
 27  -10   2623 Aug 02  21:35:48   2041   7712   P   a-   0.5288  1.8709  0.9040  308.2  185.1    -  
 28  -09   2641 Aug 13  04:58:42   2134   7935   T   a-   0.4545  2.0065  1.0412  312.5  193.3   30.6
 29  -08   2659 Aug 24  12:25:53   2230   8158   T   a-   0.3831  2.1370  1.1727  315.8  199.6   59.9
 30  -07   2677 Sep 03  19:58:59   2327   8381   T   p-   0.3160  2.2598  1.2960  318.3  204.3   75.2

 31  -06   2695 Sep 15  03:38:20   2427   8604   T+  p-   0.2537  2.3741  1.4104  320.0  207.6   84.8
 32  -05   2713 Sep 26  11:24:41   2529   8827   T+  p-   0.1969  2.4786  1.5145  321.1  209.8   90.9
 33  -04   2731 Oct 07  19:19:13   2632   9050   T+  p-   0.1462  2.5719  1.6071  321.7  211.2   94.8
 34  -03   2749 Oct 18  03:21:40   2738   9273   T+  p-   0.1018  2.6540  1.6881  321.9  211.9   97.1
 35  -02   2767 Oct 29  11:31:52   2846   9496   T+  p-   0.0636  2.7247  1.7577  321.9  212.1   98.3
 36  -01   2785 Nov 08  19:50:41   2956   9719   T+  pp   0.0321  2.7830  1.8148  321.7  212.1   98.7
 37   00   2803 Nov 20  04:17:09   3068   9942   T+  pp   0.0068  2.8300  1.8606  321.4  211.8   98.7
 38   01   2821 Nov 30  12:51:18   3183  10165   T-  pp  -0.0124  2.8203  1.8499  321.1  211.5   98.5
 39   02   2839 Dec 11  21:30:26   3299  10388   T-  pp  -0.0278  2.7924  1.8211  320.8  211.2   98.3
 40   03   2857 Dec 22  06:16:07   3417  10611   T-  pp  -0.0378  2.7743  1.8025  320.5  210.9   98.0


Catalog of Lunar Eclipses in Saros 158

                          TD of                                                          Phase
Seq. Rel.    Calendar   Greatest          Luna  Ecl.               Pen.    Um.    ---- Durations ---- 
Num. Num.      Date      Eclipse     ΔT    Num  Type QSE  Gamma    Mag.    Mag.    Pen.   Par.  Total
                                      s                                              m      m      m

 41   04   2876 Jan 02  15:04:42   3538  10834   T-  pp  -0.0454  2.7606  1.7885  320.2  210.7   97.8
 42   05   2894 Jan 12  23:56:21   3660  11057   T-  pp  -0.0507  2.7508  1.7789  319.9  210.5   97.6
 43   06   2912 Jan 25  08:47:30   3785  11280   T-  -p  -0.0564  2.7401  1.7687  319.6  210.3   97.4
 44   07   2930 Feb 04  17:39:03   3911  11503   T-  -p  -0.0617  2.7297  1.7594  319.4  210.2   97.3
 45   08   2948 Feb 16  02:27:42   4040  11726   T-  -p  -0.0695  2.7148  1.7458  319.1  210.1   97.1
 46   09   2966 Feb 26  11:12:54   4171  11949   T-  -p  -0.0800  2.6947  1.7275  318.8  209.9   96.8
 47   10   2984 Mar 08  19:52:55   4303  12172   T-  -p  -0.0948  2.6664  1.7012  318.4  209.7   96.3
 48   11   3002 Mar 21  04:27:30   4438  12395   T-  -p  -0.1143  2.6296  1.6666  318.0  209.4   95.6
 49   12   3020 Mar 31  12:55:02   4575  12618   T-  -p  -0.1396  2.5821  1.6214  317.4  208.9   94.3
 50   13   3038 Apr 11  21:15:18   4714  12841   T-  -p  -0.1709  2.5233  1.5649  316.6  208.0   92.2

 51   14   3056 Apr 22  05:28:11   4855  13064   T-  -p  -0.2085  2.4532  1.4971  315.7  206.8   89.0
 52   15   3074 May 03  13:34:09   4999  13287   T-  -p  -0.2519  2.3726  1.4186  314.3  204.9   84.3
 53   16   3092 May 13  21:31:39   5144  13510   T   -p  -0.3024  2.2789  1.3267  312.5  202.2   77.1
 54   17   3110 May 26  05:23:00   5291  13733   T   -p  -0.3581  2.1761  1.2253  310.2  198.6   66.3
 55   18   3128 Jun 05  13:07:05   5441  13956   T   -a  -0.4199  2.0622  1.1124  307.1  193.6   48.6
 56   19   3146 Jun 16  20:46:45   5592  14179   P   -a  -0.4849  1.9426  0.9933  303.4  187.3    -  
 57   20   3164 Jun 27  04:19:42   5746  14402   P   -a  -0.5554  1.8133  0.8640  298.6  178.9    -  
 58   21   3182 Jul 08  11:50:37   5901  14625   P   -a  -0.6272  1.6819  0.7320  293.0  168.7    -  
 59   22   3200 Jul 18  19:17:40   6059  14848   P   -a  -0.7021  1.5450  0.5939  286.2  155.6    -  
 60   23   3218 Jul 30  02:44:01   6219  15071   P   -a  -0.7769  1.4087  0.4558  278.4  139.5    -  

 61   24   3236 Aug 09  10:08:50   6380  15294   P   -a  -0.8524  1.2713  0.3159  269.4  118.8    -  
 62   25   3254 Aug 20  17:35:31   6544  15517   P   -a  -0.9257  1.1383  0.1799  259.5   91.6    -  
 63   26   3272 Aug 31  01:03:41   6710  15740   P   -a  -0.9974  1.0087  0.0467  248.5   47.6    -  
 64   27   3290 Sep 11  08:34:39   6878  15963   N   -a  -1.0661  0.8846 -0.0815  236.6    -      -  
 65   28   3308 Sep 22  16:10:01   7048  16186   N   -a  -1.1306  0.7687 -0.2020  224.0    -      -  
 66   29   3326 Oct 03  23:50:32   7221  16409   N   -a  -1.1901  0.6618 -0.3138  210.8    -      -  
 67   30   3344 Oct 14  07:37:24   7395  16632   N   -a  -1.2440  0.5655 -0.4153  197.5    -      -  
 68   31   3362 Oct 25  15:29:43   7571  16855   N   -a  -1.2929  0.4787 -0.5076  183.9    -      -  
 69   32   3380 Nov 04  23:29:42   7750  17078   N   -a  -1.3350  0.4043 -0.5876  170.9    -      -  
 70   33   3398 Nov 16  07:35:33   7930  17301   N   -a  -1.3718  0.3396 -0.6578  158.2    -      -  

 71   34   3416 Nov 27  15:48:29   8113  17524   N   -a  -1.4021  0.2867 -0.7162  146.6    -      -  
 72   35   3434 Dec 09  00:06:51   8297  17747   N   -a  -1.4275  0.2426 -0.7655  135.9    -      -  
 73   36   3452 Dec 19  08:31:38   8484  17970   N   -a  -1.4471  0.2092 -0.8038  127.1    -      -  
 74   37   3470 Dec 30  16:59:57   8673  18193   N   -a  -1.4633  0.1818 -0.8358  119.2    -      -  
 75   38   3489 Jan 10  01:31:43   8864  18416   N   -a  -1.4762  0.1601 -0.8615  112.5    -      -  
 76   39   3507 Jan 22  10:05:02   9057  18639   N   -a  -1.4871  0.1419 -0.8833  106.5    -      -  
 77   40   3525 Feb 01  18:39:25   9252  18862   N   -a  -1.4963  0.1265 -0.9017  101.0    -      -  
 78   41   3543 Feb 13  03:11:25   9449  19085   N   -a  -1.5071  0.1079 -0.9227   93.8    -      -  
 79   42   3561 Feb 23  11:41:12   9648  19308   N   -a  -1.5191  0.0870 -0.9456   84.6    -      -  
 80   43   3579 Mar 06  20:05:54   9849  19531   N   -a  -1.5345  0.0594 -0.9746   70.3    -      -  


Catalog of Lunar Eclipses in Saros 158

                          TD of                                                          Phase
Seq. Rel.    Calendar   Greatest          Luna  Ecl.               Pen.    Um.    ---- Durations ---- 
Num. Num.      Date      Eclipse     ΔT    Num  Type QSE  Gamma    Mag.    Mag.    Pen.   Par.  Total
                                      s                                              m      m      m

 81   44   3597 Mar 17  04:26:16  10052  19754   N   -a  -1.5528  0.0264 -1.0087   47.1    -      -  


Footnotes

[1] The Moon's orbit is inclined about 5 degrees to Earth's orbit around the Sun. The points where the lunar orbit intersects the plane of Earth's orbit are known as the nodes. The Moon moves from south to north of Earth's orbit at the ascending node, and from north to south at the descending node.

[2]Greatest eclipse is defined as the instant when Moon passes closest to the axis of Earth's shadow.


Calendar

The Gregorian calendar is used for all dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates. The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions ). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..


Predictions

The coordinates of the Sun used in these predictions are based on the VSOP87 theory [Bretagnon and Francou, 1988]. The Moon's coordinates are based on the ELP-2000/82 theory [Chapront-Touze and Chapront, 1983]. For more information, see: Solar and Lunar Ephemerides. The revised value used for the Moon's secular acceleration is n-dot = -25.858 arc-sec/cy*cy, as deduced from the Apollo lunar laser ranging experiment (Chapront, Chapront-Touze, and Francou, 2002).

The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:

  1. pre-1950's: ΔT calculated from empirical fits to historical records derived by Morrison and Stephenson (2004)
  2. 1955-present: ΔT obtained from published observations
  3. future: ΔT is extrapolated from current values weighted by the long term trend from tidal effects

A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -1999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.


Acknowledgments

The Besselian elements used in the predictions were kindly provided by Jean Meeus. All eclipse calculations are by Fred Espenak, and he assumes full responsibility for their accuracy. Some of the information presented on this web site is based on data originally published in Five Millennium Canon of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 and Five Millennium Catalog of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000.

Permission is freely granted to reproduce this data when accompanied by an acknowledgment:

"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak and Jean Meeus (NASA's GSFC)"


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2009 Sep 29