The periodicity and recurrence of solar eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node[1] with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and at the same time of year. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 13 centuries and contains 70 or more eclipses. Every saros series begins with a number of partial eclipses near one of Earth's polar regions. The series will then produce several dozen central[2] eclipses before ending with a group of partial eclipses near the opposite pole. For more information, see Periodicity of Solar Eclipses.
Solar eclipses of Saros 67 all occur at the Moon’s ascending node and the Moon moves southward with each eclipse. The series began with a partial eclipse in the northern hemisphere on -0709 Mar 04. The series ended with a partial eclipse in the southern hemisphere on 0571 Apr 10. The total duration of Saros series 67 is 1280.14 years. In summary:
First Eclipse = -0709 Mar 04 06:56:06 TD Last Eclipse = 0571 Apr 10 08:43:42 TD Duration of Saros 67 = 1280.14 Years
Saros 67 is composed of 72 solar eclipses as follows:
| Solar Eclipses of Saros 67 | |||
| Eclipse Type | Symbol | Number | Percent |
| All Eclipses | - | 72 | 100.0% |
| Partial | P | 31 | 43.1% |
| Annular | A | 34 | 47.2% |
| Total | T | 5 | 6.9% |
| Hybrid[3] | H | 2 | 2.8% |
Umbral eclipses (annular, total and hybrid) can be further classified as either: 1) Central (two limits), 2) Central (one limit) or 3) Non-Central (one limit). The statistical distribution of these classes in Saros series 67 appears in the following table.
| Umbral Eclipses of Saros 67 | ||
| Classification | Number | Percent |
| All Umbral Eclipses | 41 | 100.0% |
| Central (two limits) | 41 | 100.0% |
| Central (one limit) | 0 | 0.0% |
| Non-Central (one limit) | 0 | 0.0% |
The following string illustrates the sequence of the 72 eclipses in Saros 67: 9P 5T 2H 34A 22P
The longest and shortest central eclipses of Saros 67 as well as largest and smallest partial eclipses are listed in the below.
| Extreme Durations and Magnitudes of Solar Eclipses of Saros 67 | |||
| Extrema Type | Date | Duration | Magnitude |
| Longest Annular Solar Eclipse | 0120 Jul 13 | 07m36s | - |
| Shortest Annular Solar Eclipse | -0421 Aug 24 | 00m18s | - |
| Longest Total Solar Eclipse | -0529 Jun 20 | 01m30s | - |
| Shortest Total Solar Eclipse | -0475 Jul 22 | 01m00s | - |
| Longest Hybrid Solar Eclipse | -0457 Aug 02 | 00m39s | - |
| Shortest Hybrid Solar Eclipse | -0439 Aug 12 | 00m13s | - |
| Largest Partial Solar Eclipse | -0565 May 29 | - | 0.96765 |
| Smallest Partial Solar Eclipse | 0571 Apr 10 | - | 0.04415 |
The catalog below lists concise details and local circumstances at greatest eclipse[5] for every solar eclipse in Saros 67. A description or explanation of each parameter listed in the catalog can be found in Key to Catalog of Solar Eclipse Saros Series.
Several fields in the catalog link to web pages or files containing additional information for each eclipse (for the years -1999 through +3000). The following gives a brief explanation of each link.
For an animation showing how the eclipse path changes with each member of the series, see Animation of Saros 67.
TD of
Seq. Rel. Calendar Greatest Luna Ecl. Ecl. Sun Path Central
Num. Num. Date Eclipse ΔT Num. Type Gamma Mag. Lat Long Alt Width Dur.
s ° ° ° km
03063 -37 -0709 Mar 04 06:56:06 20352 -33504 Pb 1.5025 0.0612 61.3N 92.7E 0
03107 -36 -0691 Mar 14 14:48:01 20063 -33281 P 1.4595 0.1422 61.0N 35.3W 0
03152 -35 -0673 Mar 25 22:33:12 19775 -33058 P 1.4116 0.2327 60.8N 161.6W 0
03197 -34 -0655 Apr 05 06:08:28 19490 -32835 P 1.3562 0.3377 60.9N 74.6E 0
03242 -33 -0637 Apr 16 13:38:29 19206 -32612 P 1.2970 0.4499 61.0N 47.8W 0
03288 -32 -0619 Apr 26 21:00:49 18925 -32389 P 1.2323 0.5722 61.4N 168.4W 0
03335 -31 -0601 May 08 04:18:42 18646 -32166 P 1.1645 0.7000 61.8N 72.0E 0
03382 -30 -0583 May 18 11:31:36 18369 -31943 P 1.0933 0.8334 62.4N 46.5W 0
03429 -29 -0565 May 29 18:42:22 18094 -31720 P 1.0212 0.9676 63.1N 164.5W 0
03475 -28 -0547 Jun 09 01:51:23 17821 -31497 T 0.9482 1.0266 76.4N 118.5E 18 292 01m28s
03520 -27 -0529 Jun 20 08:59:47 17550 -31274 T 0.8754 1.0253 80.1N 59.7E 29 180 01m30s
03565 -26 -0511 Jun 30 16:09:58 17281 -31051 T 0.8051 1.0223 77.0N 9.2W 36 129 01m26s
03610 -25 -0493 Jul 11 23:22:27 16991 -30828 T 0.7375 1.0183 71.0N 100.9W 42 93 01m16s
03654 -24 -0475 Jul 22 06:39:02 16675 -30605 T 0.6740 1.0136 64.3N 156.2E 47 64 01m00s
03698 -23 -0457 Aug 02 14:00:01 16368 -30382 H 0.6149 1.0083 57.4N 47.8E 52 37 00m39s
03741 -22 -0439 Aug 12 21:27:24 16069 -30159 H 0.5617 1.0026 50.4N 64.3W 56 11 00m13s
03785 -21 -0421 Aug 24 05:01:15 15778 -29936 A 0.5151 0.9966 43.6N 179.2W 59 14 00m18s
03827 -20 -0403 Sep 03 12:41:28 15495 -29713 A 0.4746 0.9905 37.0N 63.7E 61 38 00m54s
03869 -19 -0385 Sep 14 20:29:28 15219 -29490 A 0.4414 0.9845 30.6N 55.8W 64 61 01m32s
03911 -18 -0367 Sep 25 04:24:51 14950 -29267 A 0.4150 0.9786 24.6N 177.3W 65 83 02m14s
03950 -17 -0349 Oct 06 12:27:26 14687 -29044 A 0.3955 0.9730 19.1N 59.5E 67 105 02m56s
03990 -16 -0331 Oct 16 20:35:36 14430 -28821 A 0.3814 0.9677 14.0N 65.0W 67 125 03m40s
04031 -15 -0313 Oct 28 04:49:09 14179 -28598 A 0.3727 0.9630 9.5N 169.3E 68 144 04m22s
04072 -14 -0295 Nov 07 13:06:53 13933 -28375 A 0.3682 0.9587 5.7N 42.8E 68 161 05m03s
04112 -13 -0277 Nov 18 21:26:20 13693 -28152 A 0.3658 0.9551 2.6N 83.9W 69 176 05m40s
04152 -12 -0259 Nov 29 05:47:16 13458 -27929 A 0.3653 0.9521 0.2N 149.2E 69 188 06m12s
04193 -11 -0241 Dec 10 14:06:33 13227 -27706 A 0.3639 0.9498 1.5S 22.9E 69 198 06m35s
04234 -10 -0223 Dec 20 22:24:11 13002 -27483 A 0.3619 0.9481 2.5S 102.9W 69 205 06m50s
04275 -09 -0204 Jan 01 06:35:33 12781 -27260 A 0.3552 0.9471 3.0S 133.0E 69 208 06m55s
04316 -08 -0186 Jan 11 14:42:38 12564 -27037 A 0.3456 0.9465 2.8S 10.0E 70 209 06m51s
04359 -07 -0168 Jan 22 22:41:06 12351 -26814 A 0.3291 0.9465 2.2S 110.7W 71 208 06m40s
04403 -06 -0150 Feb 02 06:31:32 12142 -26591 A 0.3067 0.9469 1.1S 130.6E 72 204 06m25s
04446 -05 -0132 Feb 13 14:11:16 11937 -26368 A 0.2761 0.9476 0.1N 14.8E 74 200 06m09s
04489 -04 -0114 Feb 23 21:42:08 11735 -26145 A 0.2386 0.9485 1.6N 98.7W 76 194 05m53s
04532 -03 -0096 Mar 06 05:02:17 11537 -25922 A 0.1928 0.9495 3.1N 150.7E 79 188 05m38s
04575 -02 -0078 Mar 17 12:11:29 11342 -25699 A 0.1385 0.9506 4.5N 43.0E 82 183 05m27s
04620 -01 -0060 Mar 27 19:10:48 11151 -25476 Am 0.0768 0.9515 5.6N 61.9W 86 178 05m21s
04665 00 -0042 Apr 08 02:01:04 10962 -25253 A 0.0083 0.9522 6.4N 164.3W 89 175 05m19s
04711 01 -0024 Apr 18 08:42:47 10775 -25030 A -0.0667 0.9527 6.6N 95.5E 86 173 05m22s
04757 02 -0006 Apr 29 15:17:08 10592 -24807 A -0.1473 0.9528 6.0N 2.7W 82 174 05m32s
TD of
Seq. Rel. Calendar Greatest Luna Ecl. Ecl. Sun Path Central
Num. Num. Date Eclipse ΔT Num. Type Gamma Mag. Lat Long Alt Width Dur.
s ° ° ° km
04802 03 0012 May 09 21:45:58 10410 -24584 A -0.2319 0.9525 4.5N 99.6W 77 178 05m48s
04848 04 0030 May 21 04:10:57 10230 -24361 A -0.3188 0.9517 2.0N 164.1E 71 185 06m09s
04895 05 0048 May 31 10:32:07 10053 -24138 A -0.4085 0.9506 1.6S 68.4E 66 198 06m33s
04939 06 0066 Jun 11 16:53:07 9877 -23915 A -0.4979 0.9488 6.3S 27.9W 60 216 06m58s
04983 07 0084 Jun 21 23:14:05 9702 -23692 A -0.5867 0.9466 12.1S 124.9W 54 242 07m19s
05028 08 0102 Jul 03 05:38:53 9528 -23469 A -0.6720 0.9439 18.9S 136.3E 48 280 07m33s
05072 09 0120 Jul 13 12:05:37 9356 -23246 A -0.7554 0.9407 26.9S 36.0E 41 336 07m36s
05116 10 0138 Jul 24 18:39:58 9184 -23023 A -0.8320 0.9370 35.7S 67.5W 33 422 07m29s
05159 11 0156 Aug 04 01:19:27 9013 -22800 A -0.9040 0.9328 46.1S 174.5W 25 588 07m11s
05200 12 0174 Aug 15 08:08:21 8841 -22577 A -0.9681 0.9277 58.7S 70.7E 14 1115 06m42s
05241 13 0192 Aug 25 15:04:06 8671 -22354 P -1.0264 0.9112 71.1S 64.5W 0
05282 14 0210 Sep 05 22:11:04 8500 -22131 P -1.0756 0.8274 71.6S 174.4E 0
05323 15 0228 Sep 16 05:26:27 8328 -21908 P -1.1176 0.7560 71.9S 50.8E 0
05364 16 0246 Sep 27 12:51:42 8157 -21685 P -1.1517 0.6984 72.0S 75.5W 0
05406 17 0264 Oct 07 20:25:53 7984 -21462 P -1.1786 0.6530 71.7S 156.1E 0
05446 18 0282 Oct 19 04:09:45 7811 -21239 P -1.1981 0.6202 71.3S 25.5E 0
05486 19 0300 Oct 29 12:00:54 7638 -21016 P -1.2118 0.5973 70.6S 106.4W 0
05525 20 0318 Nov 09 19:58:19 7463 -20793 P -1.2209 0.5822 69.7S 120.8E 0
05565 21 0336 Nov 20 04:00:39 7288 -20570 P -1.2263 0.5732 68.7S 12.6W 0
05605 22 0354 Dec 01 12:07:06 7112 -20347 P -1.2292 0.5686 67.7S 146.5W 0
05645 23 0372 Dec 11 20:14:00 6935 -20124 P -1.2320 0.5641 66.6S 80.2E 0
05686 24 0390 Dec 23 04:21:36 6757 -19901 P -1.2349 0.5594 65.5S 52.8W 0
05727 25 0409 Jan 02 12:26:14 6579 -19678 P -1.2407 0.5499 64.5S 175.3E 0
05768 26 0427 Jan 13 20:28:41 6401 -19455 P -1.2488 0.5366 63.6S 44.4E 0
05809 27 0445 Jan 24 04:24:13 6222 -19232 P -1.2630 0.5126 62.7S 84.5W 0
05850 28 0463 Feb 04 12:15:23 6044 -19009 P -1.2813 0.4816 62.1S 147.9E 0
05893 29 0481 Feb 14 19:58:22 5867 -18786 P -1.3068 0.4379 61.5S 22.6E 0
05936 30 0499 Feb 26 03:34:26 5691 -18563 P -1.3382 0.3834 61.2S 100.9W 0
05980 31 0517 Mar 08 11:01:54 5514 -18340 P -1.3770 0.3155 60.9S 137.8E 0
06024 32 0535 Mar 19 18:22:57 5338 -18117 P -1.4213 0.2371 60.9S 18.1E 0
06070 33 0553 Mar 30 01:36:53 5163 -17894 P -1.4721 0.1465 61.0S 99.8W 0
06116 34 0571 Apr 10 08:43:42 4989 -17671 Pe -1.5289 0.0441 61.3S 144.0E 0
The Gregorian calendar is used for all dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates. The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions ). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..
The coordinates of the Sun used in these predictions are based on the VSOP87 theory [Bretagnon and Francou, 1988]. The Moon's coordinates are based on the ELP-2000/82 theory [Chapront-Touze and Chapront, 1983]. For more information, see: Solar and Lunar Ephemerides. The revised value used for the Moon's secular acceleration is n-dot = -25.858 arc-sec/cy*cy, as deduced from the Apollo lunar laser ranging experiment (Chapront, Chapront-Touze, and Francou, 2002).
The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:
A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -1999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.
[1] The Moon's orbit is inclined about 5 degrees to Earth's orbit around the Sun. The points where the lunar orbit intersects the plane of Earth's orbit are known as the nodes. The Moon moves from south to north of Earth's orbit at the ascending node, and from north to south at the descending node.
[2]Central solar eclipses are eclipses in which the central axis of the Moon's shadow strikes the Earth's surface. All partial (penumbral) eclipses are non-central eclipses since the shadow axis misses Earth. However, umbral eclipses (total, annular and hybrid) may be either central (usually) or non-central (rarely).
[3]Hybrid eclipses are also known as annular/total eclipses. Such an eclipse is both total and annular along different sections of its umbral path. For more information, see Five Millennium Catalog of Hybrid Solar Eclipses .
[4]Greatest eclipse is defined as the instant when the axis of the Moon's shadow passes closest to Earth's center. For total eclipses, the instant of greatest eclipse is nearly equal to the instants of greatest magnitude and greatest duration. However, for annular eclipses, the instant of greatest duration may occur at either the time of greatest eclipse or near the sunrise and sunset points of the eclipse path.
The information presented on this web page is based on data published in Five Millennium Canon of Solar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 and Five Millennium Catalog of Solar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000. The individual global maps appearing in links (both GIF an animation) were extracted from full page plates appearing in Five Millennium Canon by Dan McGlaun. The Besselian elements were provided by Jean Meeus. Fred Espenak assumes full responsibility for the accuracy of all eclipse calculations.
Permission is freely granted to reproduce this data when accompanied by an acknowledgment:
"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak (NASA's GSFC)"
