Saros Series Catalog of Solar Eclipses

Saros Series 67

Introduction

The periodicity and recurrence of solar eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node[1] with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and at the same time of year. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 13 centuries and contains 70 or more eclipses. Every saros series begins with a number of partial eclipses near one of Earth's polar regions. The series will then produce several dozen central[2] eclipses before ending with a group of partial eclipses near the opposite pole. For more information, see Periodicity of Solar Eclipses.


Statistics for Solar Eclipses of Saros 67

Solar eclipses of Saros 67 all occur at the Moon’s ascending node and the Moon moves southward with each eclipse. The series began with a partial eclipse in the northern hemisphere on -0709 Mar 04. The series ended with a partial eclipse in the southern hemisphere on 0571 Apr 10. The total duration of Saros series 67 is 1280.14 years. In summary:

                      First Eclipse =  -0709 Mar 04   06:56:06 TD
                       Last Eclipse =   0571 Apr 10   08:43:42 TD

                      Duration of Saros  67  =  1280.14 Years

Saros 67 is composed of 72 solar eclipses as follows:

Solar Eclipses of Saros 67
Eclipse Type Symbol Number Percent
All Eclipses - 72100.0%
PartialP 31 43.1%
AnnularA 34 47.2%
TotalT 5 6.9%
Hybrid[3]H 2 2.8%

Umbral eclipses (annular, total and hybrid) can be further classified as either: 1) Central (two limits), 2) Central (one limit) or 3) Non-Central (one limit). The statistical distribution of these classes in Saros series 67 appears in the following table.

Umbral Eclipses of Saros 67
Classification Number Percent
All Umbral Eclipses 41100.0%
Central (two limits) 41100.0%
Central (one limit) 0 0.0%
Non-Central (one limit) 0 0.0%

The following string illustrates the sequence of the 72 eclipses in Saros 67: 9P 5T 2H 34A 22P

The longest and shortest central eclipses of Saros 67 as well as largest and smallest partial eclipses are listed in the below.

Extreme Durations and Magnitudes of Solar Eclipses of Saros 67
Extrema Type Date Duration Magnitude
Longest Annular Solar Eclipse 0120 Jul 1307m36s -
Shortest Annular Solar Eclipse -0421 Aug 2400m18s -
Longest Total Solar Eclipse -0529 Jun 2001m30s -
Shortest Total Solar Eclipse -0475 Jul 2201m00s -
Longest Hybrid Solar Eclipse -0457 Aug 0200m39s -
Shortest Hybrid Solar Eclipse -0439 Aug 1200m13s -
Largest Partial Solar Eclipse -0565 May 29 - 0.96765
Smallest Partial Solar Eclipse 0571 Apr 10 - 0.04415

Description of the Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 67

The catalog below lists concise details and local circumstances at greatest eclipse[5] for every solar eclipse in Saros 67. A description or explanation of each parameter listed in the catalog can be found in Key to Catalog of Solar Eclipse Saros Series.

Several fields in the catalog link to web pages or files containing additional information for each eclipse (for the years -1999 through +3000). The following gives a brief explanation of each link.


For an animation showing how the eclipse path changes with each member of the series, see Animation of Saros 67.



Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 67

                         TD of
 Seq. Rel.   Calendar   Greatest          Luna  Ecl.           Ecl.                Sun Path  Central
 Num. Num.     Date      Eclipse     ΔT   Num.  Type  Gamma    Mag.    Lat   Long  Alt Width   Dur.
                                      s                                 °      °     °    km

03063 -37 -0709 Mar 04  06:56:06  20352 -33504   Pb   1.5025  0.0612  61.3N  92.7E   0             
03107 -36 -0691 Mar 14  14:48:01  20063 -33281   P    1.4595  0.1422  61.0N  35.3W   0             
03152 -35 -0673 Mar 25  22:33:12  19775 -33058   P    1.4116  0.2327  60.8N 161.6W   0             
03197 -34 -0655 Apr 05  06:08:28  19490 -32835   P    1.3562  0.3377  60.9N  74.6E   0             
03242 -33 -0637 Apr 16  13:38:29  19206 -32612   P    1.2970  0.4499  61.0N  47.8W   0             
03288 -32 -0619 Apr 26  21:00:49  18925 -32389   P    1.2323  0.5722  61.4N 168.4W   0             
03335 -31 -0601 May 08  04:18:42  18646 -32166   P    1.1645  0.7000  61.8N  72.0E   0             
03382 -30 -0583 May 18  11:31:36  18369 -31943   P    1.0933  0.8334  62.4N  46.5W   0             
03429 -29 -0565 May 29  18:42:22  18094 -31720   P    1.0212  0.9676  63.1N 164.5W   0             
03475 -28 -0547 Jun 09  01:51:23  17821 -31497   T    0.9482  1.0266  76.4N 118.5E  18  292  01m28s

03520 -27 -0529 Jun 20  08:59:47  17550 -31274   T    0.8754  1.0253  80.1N  59.7E  29  180  01m30s
03565 -26 -0511 Jun 30  16:09:58  17281 -31051   T    0.8051  1.0223  77.0N   9.2W  36  129  01m26s
03610 -25 -0493 Jul 11  23:22:27  16991 -30828   T    0.7375  1.0183  71.0N 100.9W  42   93  01m16s
03654 -24 -0475 Jul 22  06:39:02  16675 -30605   T    0.6740  1.0136  64.3N 156.2E  47   64  01m00s
03698 -23 -0457 Aug 02  14:00:01  16368 -30382   H    0.6149  1.0083  57.4N  47.8E  52   37  00m39s
03741 -22 -0439 Aug 12  21:27:24  16069 -30159   H    0.5617  1.0026  50.4N  64.3W  56   11  00m13s
03785 -21 -0421 Aug 24  05:01:15  15778 -29936   A    0.5151  0.9966  43.6N 179.2W  59   14  00m18s
03827 -20 -0403 Sep 03  12:41:28  15495 -29713   A    0.4746  0.9905  37.0N  63.7E  61   38  00m54s
03869 -19 -0385 Sep 14  20:29:28  15219 -29490   A    0.4414  0.9845  30.6N  55.8W  64   61  01m32s
03911 -18 -0367 Sep 25  04:24:51  14950 -29267   A    0.4150  0.9786  24.6N 177.3W  65   83  02m14s

03950 -17 -0349 Oct 06  12:27:26  14687 -29044   A    0.3955  0.9730  19.1N  59.5E  67  105  02m56s
03990 -16 -0331 Oct 16  20:35:36  14430 -28821   A    0.3814  0.9677  14.0N  65.0W  67  125  03m40s
04031 -15 -0313 Oct 28  04:49:09  14179 -28598   A    0.3727  0.9630   9.5N 169.3E  68  144  04m22s
04072 -14 -0295 Nov 07  13:06:53  13933 -28375   A    0.3682  0.9587   5.7N  42.8E  68  161  05m03s
04112 -13 -0277 Nov 18  21:26:20  13693 -28152   A    0.3658  0.9551   2.6N  83.9W  69  176  05m40s
04152 -12 -0259 Nov 29  05:47:16  13458 -27929   A    0.3653  0.9521   0.2N 149.2E  69  188  06m12s
04193 -11 -0241 Dec 10  14:06:33  13227 -27706   A    0.3639  0.9498   1.5S  22.9E  69  198  06m35s
04234 -10 -0223 Dec 20  22:24:11  13002 -27483   A    0.3619  0.9481   2.5S 102.9W  69  205  06m50s
04275 -09 -0204 Jan 01  06:35:33  12781 -27260   A    0.3552  0.9471   3.0S 133.0E  69  208  06m55s
04316 -08 -0186 Jan 11  14:42:38  12564 -27037   A    0.3456  0.9465   2.8S  10.0E  70  209  06m51s

04359 -07 -0168 Jan 22  22:41:06  12351 -26814   A    0.3291  0.9465   2.2S 110.7W  71  208  06m40s
04403 -06 -0150 Feb 02  06:31:32  12142 -26591   A    0.3067  0.9469   1.1S 130.6E  72  204  06m25s
04446 -05 -0132 Feb 13  14:11:16  11937 -26368   A    0.2761  0.9476   0.1N  14.8E  74  200  06m09s
04489 -04 -0114 Feb 23  21:42:08  11735 -26145   A    0.2386  0.9485   1.6N  98.7W  76  194  05m53s
04532 -03 -0096 Mar 06  05:02:17  11537 -25922   A    0.1928  0.9495   3.1N 150.7E  79  188  05m38s
04575 -02 -0078 Mar 17  12:11:29  11342 -25699   A    0.1385  0.9506   4.5N  43.0E  82  183  05m27s
04620 -01 -0060 Mar 27  19:10:48  11151 -25476   Am   0.0768  0.9515   5.6N  61.9W  86  178  05m21s
04665  00 -0042 Apr 08  02:01:04  10962 -25253   A    0.0083  0.9522   6.4N 164.3W  89  175  05m19s
04711  01 -0024 Apr 18  08:42:47  10775 -25030   A   -0.0667  0.9527   6.6N  95.5E  86  173  05m22s
04757  02 -0006 Apr 29  15:17:08  10592 -24807   A   -0.1473  0.9528   6.0N   2.7W  82  174  05m32s


Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 67

                         TD of
 Seq. Rel.   Calendar   Greatest          Luna  Ecl.           Ecl.                Sun Path  Central
 Num. Num.     Date      Eclipse     ΔT   Num.  Type  Gamma    Mag.    Lat   Long  Alt Width   Dur.
                                      s                                 °      °     °    km

04802  03  0012 May 09  21:45:58  10410 -24584   A   -0.2319  0.9525   4.5N  99.6W  77  178  05m48s
04848  04  0030 May 21  04:10:57  10230 -24361   A   -0.3188  0.9517   2.0N 164.1E  71  185  06m09s
04895  05  0048 May 31  10:32:07  10053 -24138   A   -0.4085  0.9506   1.6S  68.4E  66  198  06m33s
04939  06  0066 Jun 11  16:53:07   9877 -23915   A   -0.4979  0.9488   6.3S  27.9W  60  216  06m58s
04983  07  0084 Jun 21  23:14:05   9702 -23692   A   -0.5867  0.9466  12.1S 124.9W  54  242  07m19s
05028  08  0102 Jul 03  05:38:53   9528 -23469   A   -0.6720  0.9439  18.9S 136.3E  48  280  07m33s
05072  09  0120 Jul 13  12:05:37   9356 -23246   A   -0.7554  0.9407  26.9S  36.0E  41  336  07m36s
05116  10  0138 Jul 24  18:39:58   9184 -23023   A   -0.8320  0.9370  35.7S  67.5W  33  422  07m29s
05159  11  0156 Aug 04  01:19:27   9013 -22800   A   -0.9040  0.9328  46.1S 174.5W  25  588  07m11s
05200  12  0174 Aug 15  08:08:21   8841 -22577   A   -0.9681  0.9277  58.7S  70.7E  14 1115  06m42s

05241  13  0192 Aug 25  15:04:06   8671 -22354   P   -1.0264  0.9112  71.1S  64.5W   0             
05282  14  0210 Sep 05  22:11:04   8500 -22131   P   -1.0756  0.8274  71.6S 174.4E   0             
05323  15  0228 Sep 16  05:26:27   8328 -21908   P   -1.1176  0.7560  71.9S  50.8E   0             
05364  16  0246 Sep 27  12:51:42   8157 -21685   P   -1.1517  0.6984  72.0S  75.5W   0             
05406  17  0264 Oct 07  20:25:53   7984 -21462   P   -1.1786  0.6530  71.7S 156.1E   0             
05446  18  0282 Oct 19  04:09:45   7811 -21239   P   -1.1981  0.6202  71.3S  25.5E   0             
05486  19  0300 Oct 29  12:00:54   7638 -21016   P   -1.2118  0.5973  70.6S 106.4W   0             
05525  20  0318 Nov 09  19:58:19   7463 -20793   P   -1.2209  0.5822  69.7S 120.8E   0             
05565  21  0336 Nov 20  04:00:39   7288 -20570   P   -1.2263  0.5732  68.7S  12.6W   0             
05605  22  0354 Dec 01  12:07:06   7112 -20347   P   -1.2292  0.5686  67.7S 146.5W   0             

05645  23  0372 Dec 11  20:14:00   6935 -20124   P   -1.2320  0.5641  66.6S  80.2E   0             
05686  24  0390 Dec 23  04:21:36   6757 -19901   P   -1.2349  0.5594  65.5S  52.8W   0             
05727  25  0409 Jan 02  12:26:14   6579 -19678   P   -1.2407  0.5499  64.5S 175.3E   0             
05768  26  0427 Jan 13  20:28:41   6401 -19455   P   -1.2488  0.5366  63.6S  44.4E   0             
05809  27  0445 Jan 24  04:24:13   6222 -19232   P   -1.2630  0.5126  62.7S  84.5W   0             
05850  28  0463 Feb 04  12:15:23   6044 -19009   P   -1.2813  0.4816  62.1S 147.9E   0             
05893  29  0481 Feb 14  19:58:22   5867 -18786   P   -1.3068  0.4379  61.5S  22.6E   0             
05936  30  0499 Feb 26  03:34:26   5691 -18563   P   -1.3382  0.3834  61.2S 100.9W   0             
05980  31  0517 Mar 08  11:01:54   5514 -18340   P   -1.3770  0.3155  60.9S 137.8E   0             
06024  32  0535 Mar 19  18:22:57   5338 -18117   P   -1.4213  0.2371  60.9S  18.1E   0             

06070  33  0553 Mar 30  01:36:53   5163 -17894   P   -1.4721  0.1465  61.0S  99.8W   0             
06116  34  0571 Apr 10  08:43:42   4989 -17671   Pe  -1.5289  0.0441  61.3S 144.0E   0             


Calendar

The Gregorian calendar is used for all dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates. The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions ). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..


Predictions

The coordinates of the Sun used in these predictions are based on the VSOP87 theory [Bretagnon and Francou, 1988]. The Moon's coordinates are based on the ELP-2000/82 theory [Chapront-Touze and Chapront, 1983]. For more information, see: Solar and Lunar Ephemerides. The revised value used for the Moon's secular acceleration is n-dot = -25.858 arc-sec/cy*cy, as deduced from the Apollo lunar laser ranging experiment (Chapront, Chapront-Touze, and Francou, 2002).

The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:

  1. pre-1950's: ΔT calculated from empirical fits to historical records derived by Morrison and Stephenson (2004)
  2. 1955-present: ΔT obtained from published observations
  3. future: ΔT is extrapolated from current values weighted by the long term trend from tidal effects

A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -1999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.


Footnotes

[1] The Moon's orbit is inclined about 5 degrees to Earth's orbit around the Sun. The points where the lunar orbit intersects the plane of Earth's orbit are known as the nodes. The Moon moves from south to north of Earth's orbit at the ascending node, and from north to south at the descending node.

[2]Central solar eclipses are eclipses in which the central axis of the Moon's shadow strikes the Earth's surface. All partial (penumbral) eclipses are non-central eclipses since the shadow axis misses Earth. However, umbral eclipses (total, annular and hybrid) may be either central (usually) or non-central (rarely).

[3]Hybrid eclipses are also known as annular/total eclipses. Such an eclipse is both total and annular along different sections of its umbral path. For more information, see Five Millennium Catalog of Hybrid Solar Eclipses .

[4]Greatest eclipse is defined as the instant when the axis of the Moon's shadow passes closest to Earth's center. For total eclipses, the instant of greatest eclipse is nearly equal to the instants of greatest magnitude and greatest duration. However, for annular eclipses, the instant of greatest duration may occur at either the time of greatest eclipse or near the sunrise and sunset points of the eclipse path.


Acknowledgments

The information presented on this web page is based on data published in Five Millennium Canon of Solar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 and Five Millennium Catalog of Solar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000. The individual global maps appearing in links (both GIF an animation) were extracted from full page plates appearing in Five Millennium Canon by Dan McGlaun. The Besselian elements were provided by Jean Meeus. Fred Espenak assumes full responsibility for the accuracy of all eclipse calculations.

Permission is freely granted to reproduce this data when accompanied by an acknowledgment:

"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak (NASA's GSFC)"


Return to:

Saros Series Catalog of Solar Eclipses

Periodicity of Solar Eclipses

Five Millennium Catalog of Solar Eclipses

2009 Sep 26