The periodicity and recurrence of solar eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node[1] with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and at the same time of year. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 13 centuries and contains 70 or more eclipses. Every saros series begins with a number of partial eclipses near one of Earth's polar regions. The series will then produce several dozen central[2] eclipses before ending with a group of partial eclipses near the opposite pole. For more information, see Periodicity of Solar Eclipses.
Solar eclipses of Saros 158 all occur at the Moon’s descending node and the Moon moves northward with each eclipse. The series will begin with a partial eclipse in the southern hemisphere on 2069 May 20. The series will end with a partial eclipse in the northern hemisphere on 3313 Jun 16. The total duration of Saros series 158 is 1244.08 years. In summary:
First Eclipse = 2069 May 20 17:53:18 TD Last Eclipse = 3313 Jun 16 07:26:19 TD Duration of Saros 158 = 1244.08 Years
Saros 158 is composed of 70 solar eclipses as follows:
| Solar Eclipses of Saros 158 | |||
| Eclipse Type | Symbol | Number | Percent |
| All Eclipses | - | 70 | 100.0% |
| Partial | P | 17 | 24.3% |
| Annular | A | 16 | 22.9% |
| Total | T | 35 | 50.0% |
| Hybrid[3] | H | 2 | 2.9% |
Umbral eclipses (annular, total and hybrid) can be further classified as either: 1) Central (two limits), 2) Central (one limit) or 3) Non-Central (one limit). The statistical distribution of these classes in Saros series 158 appears in the following table.
| Umbral Eclipses of Saros 158 | ||
| Classification | Number | Percent |
| All Umbral Eclipses | 53 | 100.0% |
| Central (two limits) | 49 | 92.5% |
| Central (one limit) | 2 | 3.8% |
| Non-Central (one limit) | 2 | 3.8% |
The following string illustrates the sequence of the 70 eclipses in Saros 158: 7P 35T 2H 16A 10P
The longest and shortest central eclipses of Saros 158 as well as largest and smallest partial eclipses are listed in the below.
| Extreme Durations and Magnitudes of Solar Eclipses of Saros 158 | |||
| Extrema Type | Date | Duration | Magnitude |
| Longest Annular Solar Eclipse | 3079 Jan 25 | 06m07s | - |
| Shortest Annular Solar Eclipse | 2862 Sep 15 | 00m01s | - |
| Longest Total Solar Eclipse | 2231 Aug 28 | 04m43s | - |
| Shortest Total Solar Eclipse | 2808 Aug 13 | 01m32s | - |
| Longest Hybrid Solar Eclipse | 2826 Aug 24 | 01m03s | - |
| Shortest Hybrid Solar Eclipse | 2844 Sep 03 | 00m32s | - |
| Largest Partial Solar Eclipse | 2177 Jul 25 | - | 0.91492 |
| Smallest Partial Solar Eclipse | 2069 May 20 | - | 0.08786 |
The catalog below lists concise details and local circumstances at greatest eclipse[5] for every solar eclipse in Saros 158. A description or explanation of each parameter listed in the catalog can be found in Key to Catalog of Solar Eclipse Saros Series.
Several fields in the catalog link to web pages or files containing additional information for each eclipse (for the years -1999 through +3000). The following gives a brief explanation of each link.
For an animation showing how the eclipse path changes with each member of the series, see Animation of Saros 158.
TD of
Seq. Rel. Calendar Greatest Luna Ecl. Ecl. Sun Path Central
Num. Num. Date Eclipse ΔT Num. Type Gamma Mag. Lat Long Alt Width Dur.
s ° ° ° km
09663 -36 2069 May 20 17:53:18 133 858 Pb -1.4852 0.0879 68.8S 69.9W 0
09704 -35 2087 Jun 01 01:27:14 173 1081 P -1.4186 0.2146 67.8S 165.4E 0
09745 -34 2105 Jun 12 08:58:11 215 1304 P -1.3489 0.3483 66.8S 41.9E 0
09786 -33 2123 Jun 23 16:26:12 259 1527 P -1.2763 0.4882 65.8S 80.3W 0
09827 -32 2141 Jul 03 23:53:38 306 1750 P -1.2029 0.6305 64.9S 158.0E 0
09869 -31 2159 Jul 15 07:20:50 348 1973 P -1.1288 0.7743 64.0S 36.7E 0
09912 -30 2177 Jul 25 14:50:33 388 2196 P -1.0564 0.9149 63.2S 85.0W 0
09956 -29 2195 Aug 05 22:21:03 431 2419 Ts -0.9843 1.0618 56.1S 166.4E 9 - 04m03s
10000 -28 2213 Aug 17 05:56:32 475 2642 T -0.9161 1.0653 46.0S 60.3E 23 525 04m35s
10044 -27 2231 Aug 28 13:35:31 521 2865 T -0.8506 1.0661 41.4S 52.2W 31 402 04m43s
10088 -26 2249 Sep 07 21:21:29 570 3088 T -0.7907 1.0656 39.4S 167.4W 38 343 04m42s
10133 -25 2267 Sep 19 05:12:14 620 3311 T -0.7348 1.0642 38.8S 75.9E 42 304 04m34s
10178 -24 2285 Sep 29 13:11:38 673 3534 T -0.6859 1.0621 39.6S 42.9W 46 275 04m24s
10223 -23 2303 Oct 11 21:17:25 727 3757 T -0.6424 1.0596 41.1S 163.2W 50 252 04m12s
10268 -22 2321 Oct 22 05:31:18 784 3980 T -0.6059 1.0567 43.3S 74.8E 52 233 04m00s
10313 -21 2339 Nov 02 13:51:50 843 4203 T -0.5751 1.0536 45.8S 48.3W 55 215 03m47s
10359 -20 2357 Nov 12 22:20:23 904 4426 T -0.5514 1.0505 48.4S 172.7W 56 200 03m35s
10404 -19 2375 Nov 24 06:54:54 967 4649 T -0.5328 1.0474 50.7S 62.3E 58 186 03m23s
10448 -18 2393 Dec 04 15:34:35 1032 4872 T -0.5188 1.0445 52.6S 63.0W 58 174 03m13s
10492 -17 2411 Dec 16 00:19:07 1099 5095 T -0.5093 1.0419 53.6S 171.2E 59 163 03m04s
10535 -16 2429 Dec 26 09:07:20 1168 5318 T -0.5035 1.0397 53.7S 44.9E 60 155 02m57s
10578 -15 2448 Jan 06 17:57:07 1239 5541 T -0.4991 1.0380 52.6S 82.0W 60 147 02m51s
10621 -14 2466 Jan 17 02:47:01 1312 5764 T -0.4953 1.0366 50.4S 150.3E 60 142 02m48s
10663 -13 2484 Jan 28 11:35:53 1388 5987 T -0.4910 1.0358 47.2S 21.5E 60 138 02m48s
10705 -12 2502 Feb 08 20:22:29 1465 6210 T -0.4851 1.0354 43.3S 107.9W 61 136 02m49s
10746 -11 2520 Feb 20 05:04:06 1544 6433 T -0.4758 1.0353 38.7S 122.7E 61 135 02m54s
10787 -10 2538 Mar 02 13:41:10 1626 6656 T -0.4629 1.0357 33.6S 6.5W 62 135 03m01s
10827 -09 2556 Mar 12 22:11:21 1710 6879 T -0.4447 1.0362 28.1S 134.7W 63 135 03m10s
10867 -08 2574 Mar 24 06:34:21 1795 7102 T -0.4208 1.0371 22.3S 98.3E 65 137 03m21s
10907 -07 2592 Apr 03 14:48:32 1883 7325 T -0.3902 1.0378 16.3S 26.7W 67 137 03m32s
10949 -06 2610 Apr 15 22:55:08 1973 7548 T -0.3537 1.0387 10.2S 150.0W 69 138 03m44s
10990 -05 2628 Apr 26 06:52:57 2065 7771 T -0.3105 1.0392 4.0S 89.1E 72 138 03m53s
11030 -04 2646 May 07 14:41:46 2159 7994 T -0.2602 1.0396 2.1N 29.4W 75 137 04m00s
11070 -03 2664 May 17 22:22:49 2255 8217 T -0.2040 1.0395 7.9N 145.4W 78 135 04m02s
11111 -02 2682 May 29 05:56:13 2353 8440 T -0.1419 1.0390 13.5N 100.9E 82 132 03m59s
11153 -01 2700 Jun 09 13:23:20 2453 8663 Tm -0.0753 1.0379 18.7N 10.5W 86 128 03m49s
11195 00 2718 Jun 20 20:43:15 2556 8886 T -0.0034 1.0362 23.3N 119.4W 90 122 03m34s
11237 01 2736 Jul 01 03:59:45 2660 9109 T 0.0707 1.0339 27.1N 133.3E 86 114 03m15s
11280 02 2754 Jul 12 11:11:56 2766 9332 T 0.1479 1.0308 30.2N 27.8E 81 105 02m52s
11325 03 2772 Jul 22 18:22:15 2875 9555 T 0.2259 1.0272 32.4N 76.7W 77 95 02m27s
TD of
Seq. Rel. Calendar Greatest Luna Ecl. Ecl. Sun Path Central
Num. Num. Date Eclipse ΔT Num. Type Gamma Mag. Lat Long Alt Width Dur.
s ° ° ° km
11371 04 2790 Aug 03 01:30:57 2986 9778 T 0.3044 1.0228 33.9N 179.4E 72 81 02m00s
11416 05 2808 Aug 13 08:40:55 3098 10001 T 0.3810 1.0178 34.5N 75.3E 67 66 01m32s
11461 06 2826 Aug 24 15:52:15 3213 10224 H 0.4557 1.0123 34.6N 29.4W 63 47 01m03s
11507 07 2844 Sep 03 23:05:38 3330 10447 H 0.5278 1.0063 34.5N 135.0W 58 25 00m32s
11553 08 2862 Sep 15 06:23:08 3449 10670 A 0.5956 0.9999 34.2N 117.9E 53 0 00m01s
11599 09 2880 Sep 25 13:45:31 3569 10893 A 0.6583 0.9932 34.0N 9.1E 49 31 00m36s
11646 10 2898 Oct 06 21:13:41 3692 11116 A 0.7154 0.9864 34.1N 101.8W 44 67 01m13s
11692 11 2916 Oct 18 04:47:37 3818 11339 A 0.7665 0.9794 34.6N 145.3E 40 111 01m54s
11737 12 2934 Oct 29 12:28:43 3945 11562 A 0.8111 0.9727 35.6N 29.9E 36 163 02m35s
11781 13 2952 Nov 08 20:16:40 4074 11785 A 0.8489 0.9660 37.2N 87.8W 32 227 03m18s
11825 14 2970 Nov 20 04:10:31 4205 12008 A 0.8810 0.9597 39.2N 152.3E 28 305 03m59s
11869 15 2988 Nov 30 12:11:10 4339 12231 A 0.9066 0.9538 41.7N 29.8E 25 398 04m38s
----- 16 3006 Dec 12 20:17:01 4474 12454 A 0.9271 0.9484 44.4N 94.7W 22 508 05m11s
----- 17 3024 Dec 23 04:28:14 4612 12677 A 0.9426 0.9437 47.4N 138.6E 19 632 05m37s
----- 18 3043 Jan 03 12:41:05 4751 12900 A 0.9561 0.9395 50.8N 10.7E 16 784 05m55s
----- 19 3061 Jan 13 20:57:30 4893 13123 A 0.9658 0.9359 54.1N 119.0W 14 951 06m05s
----- 20 3079 Jan 25 05:13:22 5036 13346 A 0.9751 0.9330 58.0N 110.2E 12 1184 06m07s
----- 21 3097 Feb 04 13:28:42 5182 13569 An 0.9846 0.9305 62.5N 22.7W 9 - 06m00s
----- 22 3115 Feb 16 21:39:29 5330 13792 A+ 0.9970 0.9634 71.2N 169.1W 0
----- 23 3133 Feb 27 05:47:09 5480 14015 A+ 1.0115 0.9386 71.9N 56.0E 0
----- 24 3151 Mar 10 13:47:51 5632 14238 P 1.0308 0.9057 72.3N 77.7W 0
----- 25 3169 Mar 20 21:41:29 5786 14461 P 1.0551 0.8645 72.4N 150.1E 0
----- 26 3187 Apr 01 05:26:11 5942 14684 P 1.0861 0.8122 72.3N 20.3E 0
----- 27 3205 Apr 11 13:02:42 6101 14907 P 1.1231 0.7496 71.9N 107.3W 0
----- 28 3223 Apr 22 20:28:46 6261 15130 P 1.1679 0.6739 71.2N 128.4E 0
----- 29 3241 May 03 03:45:42 6423 15353 P 1.2193 0.5866 70.4N 6.9E 0
----- 30 3259 May 14 10:52:59 6588 15576 P 1.2777 0.4872 69.5N 111.5W 0
----- 31 3277 May 24 17:52:27 6754 15799 P 1.3417 0.3780 68.5N 132.7E 0
----- 32 3295 Jun 05 00:42:06 6923 16022 P 1.4130 0.2563 67.5N 19.9E 0
----- 33 3313 Jun 16 07:26:19 7093 16245 Pe 1.4877 0.1283 66.5N 90.9W 0
The Gregorian calendar is used for all dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates. The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions ). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..
The coordinates of the Sun used in these predictions are based on the VSOP87 theory [Bretagnon and Francou, 1988]. The Moon's coordinates are based on the ELP-2000/82 theory [Chapront-Touze and Chapront, 1983]. For more information, see: Solar and Lunar Ephemerides. The revised value used for the Moon's secular acceleration is n-dot = -25.858 arc-sec/cy*cy, as deduced from the Apollo lunar laser ranging experiment (Chapront, Chapront-Touze, and Francou, 2002).
The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:
A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -1999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.
[1] The Moon's orbit is inclined about 5 degrees to Earth's orbit around the Sun. The points where the lunar orbit intersects the plane of Earth's orbit are known as the nodes. The Moon moves from south to north of Earth's orbit at the ascending node, and from north to south at the descending node.
[2]Central solar eclipses are eclipses in which the central axis of the Moon's shadow strikes the Earth's surface. All partial (penumbral) eclipses are non-central eclipses since the shadow axis misses Earth. However, umbral eclipses (total, annular and hybrid) may be either central (usually) or non-central (rarely).
[3]Hybrid eclipses are also known as annular/total eclipses. Such an eclipse is both total and annular along different sections of its umbral path. For more information, see Five Millennium Catalog of Hybrid Solar Eclipses .
[4]Greatest eclipse is defined as the instant when the axis of the Moon's shadow passes closest to Earth's center. For total eclipses, the instant of greatest eclipse is nearly equal to the instants of greatest magnitude and greatest duration. However, for annular eclipses, the instant of greatest duration may occur at either the time of greatest eclipse or near the sunrise and sunset points of the eclipse path.
The information presented on this web page is based on data published in Five Millennium Canon of Solar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 and Five Millennium Catalog of Solar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000. The individual global maps appearing in links (both GIF an animation) were extracted from full page plates appearing in Five Millennium Canon by Dan McGlaun. The Besselian elements were provided by Jean Meeus. Fred Espenak assumes full responsibility for the accuracy of all eclipse calculations.
Permission is freely granted to reproduce this data when accompanied by an acknowledgment:
"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak (NASA's GSFC)"
