Catalog of Lunar Eclipse Saros Series

Saros Series 105

The periodicity and recurrence of lunar (and solar) eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node[1] with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and at the same time of year. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 15 centuries and contains 70 or more lunar eclipses.

Lunar eclipses of Saros 105 all occur at the Moon’s descending node and the Moon moves northward with each eclipse. The series began with a penumbral eclipse near the southern edge of the penumbra on 0566 Aug 16. The series ended with a penumbral eclipse near the northern edge of the penumbra on 1864 Oct 15. The total duration of Saros series 105 is 1298.17 years. In summary:

                      First Eclipse =  0566 Aug 16   19:12:38 TD
                       Last Eclipse =  1864 Oct 15   06:30:47 TD

                      Duration of Saros 105  =  1298.17 Years

Saros 105 is composed of 73 lunar eclipses as follows:

Lunar Eclipses of Saros 105
Eclipse Type Symbol Number Percent
All Eclipses - 73100.0%
PenumbralN 32 43.8%
PartialP 16 21.9%
TotalT 25 34.2%

The 73 lunar eclipses in Saros 105 occur in the order of 22N 7P 25T 9P 10N which corresponds to:

                                    22  Penumbral
                                     7  Partial
                                    25  Total
                                     9  Partial
                                    10  Penumbral

The longest and shortest eclipses of Saros 105 are as follows.

            Longest  Total  Lunar Eclipse:    1179 Aug 19      Duration = 01h45m43s
           Shortest  Total  Lunar Eclipse:    1522 Mar 12      Duration = 00h29m18s

            Longest Partial Lunar Eclipse:    1071 Jun 15      Duration = 03h27m04s
           Shortest Partial Lunar Eclipse:    1684 Jun 27      Duration = 00h46m04s

          Longest Penumbral Lunar Eclipse:    0945 Mar 31      Duration = 04h44m20s
         Shortest Penumbral Lunar Eclipse:    1864 Oct 15      Duration = 00h41m06s

The largest and smallest magnitude partial eclipses of Saros 105 are:

            Largest Partial Lunar Eclipse:    1540 Mar 22      Magnitude = 0.9587
           Smallest Partial Lunar Eclipse:    0963 Apr 11      Magnitude = 0.0416

Local circumstances at greatest eclipse[2] for every lunar eclipse of Saros 105 are presented in the following catalog. For eclipses occurring between the years -1999 to +3000 (2000 BCE to 3000 CE), the sequence number in the first column links to a eclipse geometry diagram and a map from Five Millennium Canon of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000. A detailed key and additional information about the catalog can be found at: Key to Catalog of Lunar Eclipse Saros Series.



Catalog of Lunar Eclipses in Saros 105

                          TD of                                                          Phase
Seq. Rel.    Calendar   Greatest          Luna  Ecl.               Pen.    Um.    ---- Durations ---- 
Num. Num.      Date      Eclipse     ΔT    Num  Type QSE  Gamma    Mag.    Mag.    Pen.   Par.  Total
                                      s                                              m      m      m

 01  -34   0566 Aug 16  19:12:38   5034 -17729   Nb  t-  -1.5296  0.0708 -0.9678   78.6    -      -  
 02  -33   0584 Aug 27  02:28:31   4861 -17506   N   t-  -1.4809  0.1633 -0.8815  119.0    -      -  
 03  -32   0602 Sep 07  09:51:15   4690 -17283   N   t-  -1.4381  0.2450 -0.8062  145.3    -      -  
 04  -31   0620 Sep 17  17:20:56   4520 -17060   N   t-  -1.4012  0.3157 -0.7417  164.6    -      -  
 05  -30   0638 Sep 29  00:58:43   4352 -16837   N   t-  -1.3712  0.3739 -0.6897  178.9    -      -  
 06  -29   0656 Oct 09  08:43:47   4185 -16614   N   t-  -1.3473  0.4208 -0.6486  189.7    -      -  
 07  -28   0674 Oct 20  16:36:37   4020 -16391   N   t-  -1.3301  0.4550 -0.6198  197.4    -      -  
 08  -27   0692 Oct 31  00:33:45   3857 -16168   N   t-  -1.3168  0.4818 -0.5979  203.3    -      -  
 09  -26   0710 Nov 11  08:37:48   3696 -15945   N   t-  -1.3094  0.4976 -0.5863  207.0    -      -  
 10  -25   0728 Nov 21  16:44:17   3537 -15722   N   t-  -1.3041  0.5092 -0.5784  209.8    -      -  

 11  -24   0746 Dec 03  00:53:43   3381 -15499   N   t-  -1.3017  0.5150 -0.5753  211.4    -      -  
 12  -23   0764 Dec 13  09:01:39   3228 -15276   N   t-  -1.2984  0.5220 -0.5704  213.2    -      -  
 13  -22   0782 Dec 24  17:09:39   3078 -15053   N   t-  -1.2956  0.5279 -0.5658  214.7    -      -  
 14  -21   0801 Jan 04  01:13:24   2930 -14830   N   t-  -1.2895  0.5393 -0.5550  217.2    -      -  
 15  -20   0819 Jan 15  09:12:36   2786 -14607   N   t-  -1.2802  0.5564 -0.5377  220.6    -      -  
 16  -19   0837 Jan 25  17:04:56   2646 -14384   N   t-  -1.2655  0.5830 -0.5103  225.5    -      -  
 17  -18   0855 Feb 06  00:50:13   2509 -14161   N   t-  -1.2454  0.6191 -0.4728  231.8    -      -  
 18  -17   0873 Feb 16  08:26:20   2376 -13938   N   t-  -1.2181  0.6683 -0.4218  239.9    -      -  
 19  -16   0891 Feb 27  15:53:21   2248 -13715   N   t-  -1.1834  0.7308 -0.3572  249.4    -      -  
 20  -15   0909 Mar 09  23:10:48   2123 -13492   N   t-  -1.1411  0.8073 -0.2782  260.3    -      -  

 21  -14   0927 Mar 21  06:19:21   2003 -13269   N   t-  -1.0915  0.8970 -0.1860  271.9    -      -  
 22  -13   0945 Mar 31  13:17:13   1887 -13046   Nx  t-  -1.0333  1.0026 -0.0779  284.3    -      -  
 23  -12   0963 Apr 11  20:07:31   1775 -12823   P   t-  -0.9689  1.1195  0.0416  296.7   50.2    -  
 24  -11   0981 Apr 22  02:48:48   1668 -12600   P   t-  -0.8971  1.2500  0.1745  309.0  100.9    -  
 25  -10   0999 May 03  09:24:58   1566 -12377   P   t-  -0.8206  1.3892  0.3159  320.6  132.9    -  
 26  -09   1017 May 13  15:53:23   1468 -12154   P   t-  -0.7377  1.5403  0.4689  331.5  158.2    -  
 27  -08   1035 May 24  22:19:50   1375 -11931   P   t-  -0.6530  1.6949  0.6251  341.1  178.0    -  
 28  -07   1053 Jun 04  04:42:18   1287 -11708   P   t-  -0.5650  1.8558  0.7872  349.5  194.3    -  
 29  -06   1071 Jun 15  11:05:23   1203 -11485   P   t-  -0.4770  2.0168  0.9491  356.5  207.1    -  
 30  -05   1089 Jun 25  17:27:45   1124 -11262   T   t-  -0.3880  2.1799  1.1127  362.2  217.1   53.8

 31  -04   1107 Jul 06  23:54:10   1049 -11039   T   t-  -0.3018  2.3381  1.2710  366.4  224.5   78.9
 32  -03   1125 Jul 17  06:23:50    978 -10816   T-  pp  -0.2180  2.4920  1.4247  369.3  229.5   93.0
 33  -02   1143 Jul 28  12:59:07    912 -10593   T-  pp  -0.1382  2.6385  1.5707  370.9  232.6  101.0
 34  -01   1161 Aug 07  19:41:17    849 -10370   T-  pp  -0.0637  2.7758  1.7071  371.6  234.1  104.9
 35   00   1179 Aug 19  02:31:51    791 -10147   T+  pp   0.0045  2.8847  1.8151  371.4  234.1  105.7
 36   01   1197 Aug 29  09:31:59    736  -9924   T+  pp   0.0655  2.7734  1.7026  370.6  233.1  104.3
 37   02   1215 Sep 09  16:40:52    685  -9701   T+  pp   0.1199  2.6742  1.6022  369.2  231.5  101.4
 38   03   1233 Sep 20  00:00:52    637  -9478   T+  pp   0.1657  2.5909  1.5176  367.7  229.4   97.5
 39   04   1251 Oct 01  07:29:58    592  -9255   T+  pp   0.2045  2.5202  1.4459  365.9  227.2   93.1
 40   05   1269 Oct 11  15:09:34    550  -9032   T+  pp   0.2354  2.4639  1.3888  364.2  225.0   88.8


Catalog of Lunar Eclipses in Saros 105

                          TD of                                                          Phase
Seq. Rel.    Calendar   Greatest          Luna  Ecl.               Pen.    Um.    ---- Durations ---- 
Num. Num.      Date      Eclipse     ΔT    Num  Type QSE  Gamma    Mag.    Mag.    Pen.   Par.  Total
                                      s                                              m      m      m

 41   06   1287 Oct 22  22:57:41    511  -8809   T+  pp   0.2599  2.4193  1.3436  362.5  223.0   84.8
 42   07   1305 Nov 02  06:55:19    475  -8586   T   -p   0.2773  2.3874  1.3116  361.0  221.3   81.5
 43   08   1323 Nov 13  14:59:35    441  -8363   T   -p   0.2897  2.3643  1.2890  359.6  220.0   79.0
 44   09   1341 Nov 23  23:09:48    409  -8140   T   -p   0.2980  2.3486  1.2744  358.2  218.9   77.2
 45   10   1359 Dec 05  07:24:19    379  -7917   T   -p   0.3034  2.3378  1.2653  356.9  218.0   76.0
 46   11   1377 Dec 15  15:42:20    350  -7694   T   -p   0.3069  2.3302  1.2601  355.5  217.3   75.2
 47   12   1395 Dec 27  00:00:15    324  -7471   T   -p   0.3111  2.3209  1.2539  354.1  216.5   74.4
 48   13   1414 Jan 06  08:17:53    298  -7248   T   -p   0.3163  2.3096  1.2463  352.5  215.7   73.3
 49   14   1432 Jan 17  16:32:40    274  -7025   T   -p   0.3247  2.2918  1.2331  350.6  214.6   71.5
 50   15   1450 Jan 28  00:45:08    252  -6802   T   -p   0.3360  2.2686  1.2148  348.5  213.2   69.0

 51   16   1468 Feb 08  08:50:31    230  -6579   T   -p   0.3539  2.2330  1.1847  346.0  211.3   64.5
 52   17   1486 Feb 18  16:51:51    210  -6356   T   -p   0.3760  2.1895  1.1471  343.1  209.0   58.2
 53   18   1504 Mar 01  00:44:47    191  -6133   T   -p   0.4057  2.1318  1.0956  339.7  205.8   47.6
 54   19   1522 Mar 12  08:32:37    174  -5910   T   -t   0.4404  2.0648  1.0350  335.8  201.8   29.3
 55   20   1540 Mar 22  16:11:08    158  -5687   P   -t   0.4838  1.9821  0.9587  331.0  196.4    -  
 56   21   1558 Apr 02  23:45:10    144  -5464   P   -t   0.5316  1.8911  0.8741  325.6  189.8    -  
 57   22   1576 Apr 13  07:11:16    131  -5241   P   -t   0.5865  1.7871  0.7763  319.2  181.4    -  
 58   23   1594 May 04  14:32:42    121  -5018   P   -t   0.6461  1.6748  0.6699  311.9  171.0    -  
 59   24   1612 May 14  21:48:17    104  -4795   P   -t   0.7111  1.5527  0.5534  303.4  157.9    -  
 60   25   1630 May 26  05:01:22     79  -4572   P   -h   0.7788  1.4259  0.4318  293.7  141.7    -  

 61   26   1648 Jun 05  12:11:39     51  -4349   P   -h   0.8497  1.2935  0.3041  282.8  120.8    -  
 62   27   1666 Jun 16  19:20:41     27  -4126   P   -h   0.9222  1.1584  0.1732  270.5   92.6    -  
 63   28   1684 Jun 27  02:30:11     11  -3903   P   -h   0.9948  1.0233  0.0416  257.0   46.1    -  
 64   29   1702 Jul 09  09:41:33      8  -3680   N   -h   1.0664  0.8904 -0.0883  242.1    -      -  
 65   30   1720 Jul 19  16:55:34     10  -3457   N   -a   1.1366  0.7604 -0.2159  225.9    -      -  
 66   31   1738 Jul 31  00:13:25     11  -3234   N   -a   1.2043  0.6353 -0.3392  208.4    -      -  
 67   32   1756 Aug 10  07:36:47     14  -3011   N   -a   1.2682  0.5174 -0.4558  189.6    -      -  
 68   33   1774 Aug 21  15:06:39     16  -2788   N   -a   1.3271  0.4089 -0.5635  169.8    -      -  
 69   34   1792 Aug 31  22:42:42     16  -2565   N   -a   1.3816  0.3086 -0.6634  148.5    -      -  
 70   35   1810 Sep 13  06:27:11     12  -2342   N   -a   1.4299  0.2202 -0.7520  126.2    -      -  

 71   36   1828 Sep 23  14:19:43      8  -2119   N   -a   1.4724  0.1424 -0.8302  102.0    -      -  
 72   37   1846 Oct 04  22:21:39      6  -1896   N   -a   1.5077  0.0779 -0.8954   75.7    -      -  
 73   38   1864 Oct 15  06:30:47      6  -1673   N   -a   1.5379  0.0228 -0.9512   41.1    -      -  


Footnotes

[1] The Moon's orbit is inclined about 5 degrees to Earth's orbit around the Sun. The points where the lunar orbit intersects the plane of Earth's orbit are known as the nodes. The Moon moves from south to north of Earth's orbit at the ascending node, and from north to south at the descending node.

[2]Greatest eclipse is defined as the instant when Moon passes closest to the axis of Earth's shadow.


Calendar

The Gregorian calendar is used for all dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates. The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions ). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..


Predictions

The coordinates of the Sun used in these predictions are based on the VSOP87 theory [Bretagnon and Francou, 1988]. The Moon's coordinates are based on the ELP-2000/82 theory [Chapront-Touze and Chapront, 1983]. For more information, see: Solar and Lunar Ephemerides. The revised value used for the Moon's secular acceleration is n-dot = -25.858 arc-sec/cy*cy, as deduced from the Apollo lunar laser ranging experiment (Chapront, Chapront-Touze, and Francou, 2002).

The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:

  1. pre-1950's: ΔT calculated from empirical fits to historical records derived by Morrison and Stephenson (2004)
  2. 1955-present: ΔT obtained from published observations
  3. future: ΔT is extrapolated from current values weighted by the long term trend from tidal effects

A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -1999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.


Acknowledgments

The Besselian elements used in the predictions were kindly provided by Jean Meeus. All eclipse calculations are by Fred Espenak, and he assumes full responsibility for their accuracy. Some of the information presented on this web site is based on data originally published in Five Millennium Canon of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 and Five Millennium Catalog of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000.

Permission is freely granted to reproduce this data when accompanied by an acknowledgment:

"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak and Jean Meeus (NASA's GSFC)"


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2009 Sep 29