Catalog of Lunar Eclipse Saros Series

Saros Series 106

The periodicity and recurrence of lunar (and solar) eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node[1] with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and at the same time of year. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 15 centuries and contains 70 or more lunar eclipses.

Lunar eclipses of Saros 106 all occur at the Moon’s ascending node and the Moon moves southward with each eclipse. The series began with a penumbral eclipse near the northern edge of the penumbra on 0595 Jul 27. The series ended with a penumbral eclipse near the southern edge of the penumbra on 1893 Sep 25. The total duration of Saros series 106 is 1298.17 years. In summary:

                      First Eclipse =  0595 Jul 27   01:33:13 TD
                       Last Eclipse =  1893 Sep 25   20:38:60 TD

                      Duration of Saros 106  =  1298.17 Years

Saros 106 is composed of 73 lunar eclipses as follows:

Lunar Eclipses of Saros 106
Eclipse Type Symbol Number Percent
All Eclipses - 73100.0%
PenumbralN 27 37.0%
PartialP 19 26.0%
TotalT 27 37.0%

The 73 lunar eclipses in Saros 106 occur in the order of 19N 10P 27T 9P 8N which corresponds to:

                                    19  Penumbral
                                    10  Partial
                                    27  Total
                                     9  Partial
                                     8  Penumbral

The longest and shortest eclipses of Saros 106 are as follows.

            Longest  Total  Lunar Eclipse:    1226 Aug 09      Duration = 01h39m39s
           Shortest  Total  Lunar Eclipse:    1587 Mar 24      Duration = 00h35m45s

            Longest Partial Lunar Eclipse:    1100 May 25      Duration = 03h07m58s
           Shortest Partial Lunar Eclipse:    0938 Feb 17      Duration = 00h26m17s

          Longest Penumbral Lunar Eclipse:    0920 Feb 07      Duration = 04h17m13s
         Shortest Penumbral Lunar Eclipse:    1893 Sep 25      Duration = 00h38m56s

The largest and smallest magnitude partial eclipses of Saros 106 are:

            Largest Partial Lunar Eclipse:    1605 Apr 03      Magnitude = 0.9861
           Smallest Partial Lunar Eclipse:    0938 Feb 17      Magnitude = 0.0133

Local circumstances at greatest eclipse[2] for every lunar eclipse of Saros 106 are presented in the following catalog. For eclipses occurring between the years -1999 to +3000 (2000 BCE to 3000 CE), the sequence number in the first column links to a eclipse geometry diagram and a map from Five Millennium Canon of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000. A detailed key and additional information about the catalog can be found at: Key to Catalog of Lunar Eclipse Saros Series.



Catalog of Lunar Eclipses in Saros 106

                          TD of                                                          Phase
Seq. Rel.    Calendar   Greatest          Luna  Ecl.               Pen.    Um.    ---- Durations ---- 
Num. Num.      Date      Eclipse     ΔT    Num  Type QSE  Gamma    Mag.    Mag.    Pen.   Par.  Total
                                      s                                              m      m      m

 01  -35   0595 Jul 27  01:33:13   4758 -17371   Nb  t-   1.5221  0.0900 -0.9596   90.2    -      -  
 02  -34   0613 Aug 06  08:29:10   4587 -17148   N   t-   1.4514  0.2195 -0.8298  138.8    -      -  
 03  -33   0631 Aug 17  15:33:22   4418 -16925   N   t-   1.3860  0.3395 -0.7097  170.3    -      -  
 04  -32   0649 Aug 27  22:47:19   4251 -16702   N   t-   1.3270  0.4478 -0.6015  193.0    -      -  
 05  -31   0667 Sep 08  06:11:10   4085 -16479   N   t-   1.2749  0.5435 -0.5061  210.1    -      -  
 06  -30   0685 Sep 18  13:46:00   3921 -16256   N   h-   1.2307  0.6248 -0.4250  222.9    -      -  
 07  -29   0703 Sep 29  21:30:42   3759 -16033   N   h-   1.1934  0.6934 -0.3566  232.5    -      -  
 08  -28   0721 Oct 10  05:25:14   3600 -15810   N   a-   1.1632  0.7487 -0.3012  239.6    -      -  
 09  -27   0739 Oct 21  13:28:49   3443 -15587   N   a-   1.1394  0.7922 -0.2574  244.6    -      -  
 10  -26   0757 Oct 31  21:41:14   3288 -15364   N   a-   1.1221  0.8235 -0.2253  247.9    -      -  

 11  -25   0775 Nov 12  05:59:14   3137 -15141   N   a-   1.1088  0.8474 -0.2002  250.0    -      -  
 12  -24   0793 Nov 22  14:23:41   2988 -14918   N   a-   1.1000  0.8626 -0.1832  251.0    -      -  
 13  -23   0811 Dec 03  22:51:00   2843 -14695   N   a-   1.0931  0.8741 -0.1694  251.5    -      -  
 14  -22   0829 Dec 14  07:21:21   2701 -14472   N   a-   1.0879  0.8822 -0.1583  251.5    -      -  
 15  -21   0847 Dec 25  15:50:18   2563 -14249   N   a-   1.0809  0.8933 -0.1436  251.9    -      -  
 16  -20   0866 Jan 05  00:19:44   2428 -14026   N   a-   1.0736  0.9044 -0.1283  252.1    -      -  
 17  -19   0884 Jan 16  08:45:25   2298 -13803   N   a-   1.0630  0.9215 -0.1064  253.0    -      -  
 18  -18   0902 Jan 26  17:07:20   2172 -13580   N   a-   1.0483  0.9458 -0.0769  254.6    -      -  
 19  -17   0920 Feb 07  01:22:57   2050 -13357   N   a-   1.0279  0.9805 -0.0366  257.2    -      -  
 20  -16   0938 Feb 17  09:33:20   1932 -13134   P   a-   1.0023  1.0244  0.0133  260.6   26.3    -  

 21  -15   0956 Feb 28  17:36:42   1819 -12911   P   a-   0.9704  1.0799  0.0748  264.8   61.7    -  
 22  -14   0974 Mar 11  01:32:38   1710 -12688   P   a-   0.9317  1.1478  0.1489  269.7   85.9    -  
 23  -13   0992 Mar 21  09:21:55   1606 -12465   P   a-   0.8867  1.2273  0.2344  275.3  106.2    -  
 24  -12   1010 Apr 01  17:04:25   1506 -12242   P   a-   0.8352  1.3188  0.3319  281.2  124.2    -  
 25  -11   1028 Apr 12  00:40:17   1412 -12019   P   a-   0.7775  1.4218  0.4405  287.3  140.4    -  
 26  -10   1046 Apr 23  08:10:38   1321 -11796   P   a-   0.7145  1.5347  0.5587  293.3  154.8    -  
 27  -09   1064 May 03  15:36:35   1236 -11573   P   a-   0.6470  1.6562  0.6850  298.9  167.5    -  
 28  -08   1082 May 14  22:59:40   1155 -11350   P   a-   0.5763  1.7838  0.8169  304.1  178.5    -  
 29  -07   1100 May 25  06:19:17   1078 -11127   P   a-   0.5017  1.9186  0.9556  308.8  188.0    -  
 30  -06   1118 Jun 05  13:39:05   1005 -10904   T   a-   0.4266  2.0549  1.0950  312.7  195.7   45.5

 31  -05   1136 Jun 15  20:58:24    937 -10681   T   a-   0.3500  2.1941  1.2368  315.8  201.9   68.6
 32  -04   1154 Jun 27  04:20:08    873 -10458   T   p-   0.2750  2.3309  1.3754  318.1  206.5   82.2
 33  -03   1172 Jul 07  11:43:06    813 -10235   T+  p-   0.2002  2.4674  1.5132  319.8  209.8   91.1
 34  -02   1190 Jul 18  19:11:31    757 -10012   T+  p-   0.1293  2.5972  1.6436  320.6  211.8   96.3
 35  -01   1208 Jul 29  02:44:05    704  -9789   T+  pp   0.0611  2.7223  1.7688  320.9  212.8   99.0
 36   00   1226 Aug 09  10:22:59    655  -9566   T-  pp  -0.0021  2.8309  1.8770  320.6  212.8   99.6
 37   01   1244 Aug 19  18:08:09    609  -9343   T-  pp  -0.0604  2.7243  1.7694  320.0  212.0   98.7
 38   02   1262 Aug 31  02:01:40    566  -9120   T-  pp  -0.1120  2.6303  1.6741  319.1  210.8   96.5
 39   03   1280 Sep 10  10:02:47    526  -8897   T-  -p  -0.1577  2.5474  1.5895  318.0  209.2   93.5
 40   04   1298 Sep 21  18:11:08    489  -8674   T-  -p  -0.1975  2.4751  1.5155  316.9  207.5   90.0


Catalog of Lunar Eclipses in Saros 106

                          TD of                                                          Phase
Seq. Rel.    Calendar   Greatest          Luna  Ecl.               Pen.    Um.    ---- Durations ---- 
Num. Num.      Date      Eclipse     ΔT    Num  Type QSE  Gamma    Mag.    Mag.    Pen.   Par.  Total
                                      s                                              m      m      m

 41   05   1316 Oct 02  02:28:20    454  -8451   T-  -p  -0.2301  2.4164  1.4547  315.8  205.8   86.5
 42   06   1334 Oct 13  10:52:55    421  -8228   T-  -p  -0.2565  2.3690  1.4053  314.9  204.2   83.1
 43   07   1352 Oct 23  19:25:34    390  -8005   T   -p  -0.2765  2.3333  1.3677  314.2  202.9   80.2
 44   08   1370 Nov 04  04:03:32    361  -7782   T   -p  -0.2920  2.3057  1.3383  313.6  201.8   77.6
 45   09   1388 Nov 14  12:48:27    334  -7559   T   -p  -0.3020  2.2882  1.3193  313.2  201.1   75.9
 46   10   1406 Nov 25  21:36:51    308  -7336   T   -p  -0.3091  2.2757  1.3057  313.0  200.6   74.6
 47   11   1424 Dec 06  06:28:42    284  -7113   T   -p  -0.3134  2.2682  1.2975  312.9  200.3   73.7
 48   12   1442 Dec 17  15:21:21    261  -6890   T   -p  -0.3170  2.2617  1.2906  312.8  200.0   73.1
 49   13   1460 Dec 28  00:14:45    239  -6667   T   -p  -0.3200  2.2561  1.2851  312.7  199.9   72.5
 50   14   1479 Jan 08  09:05:26    218  -6444   T   -p  -0.3253  2.2462  1.2757  312.6  199.6   71.6

 51   15   1497 Jan 18  17:53:14    199  -6221   T   -p  -0.3330  2.2315  1.2619  312.3  199.2   70.2
 52   16   1515 Jan 30  02:35:56    181  -5998   T   -p  -0.3447  2.2094  1.2410  311.9  198.5   67.8
 53   17   1533 Feb 09  11:13:52    164  -5775   T   -p  -0.3602  2.1804  1.2134  311.2  197.6   64.5
 54   18   1551 Feb 20  19:43:12    149  -5552   T   -p  -0.3827  2.1382  1.1729  310.3  196.0   58.9
 55   19   1569 Mar 03  04:06:08    136  -5329   T   -a  -0.4104  2.0865  1.1228  308.9  193.9   50.5
 56   20   1587 Mar 24  12:19:48    125  -5106   T   -a  -0.4456  2.0211  1.0591  307.1  190.8   35.7
 57   21   1605 Apr 03  20:27:02    113  -4883   P   -a  -0.4858  1.9467  0.9861  304.8  186.9    -  
 58   22   1623 Apr 15  04:23:33     89  -4660   P   -a  -0.5345  1.8566  0.8972  301.6  181.4    -  
 59   23   1641 Apr 25  12:14:36     62  -4437   P   -a  -0.5876  1.7588  0.8003  297.8  174.6    -  
 60   24   1659 May 06  19:56:13     36  -4214   P   -a  -0.6484  1.6470  0.6890  292.8  165.3    -  

 61   25   1677 May 17  03:32:58     16  -3991   P   -a  -0.7127  1.5290  0.5710  286.8  153.7    -  
 62   26   1695 May 28  11:01:57      8  -3768   P   -a  -0.7830  1.4003  0.4417  279.3  138.2    -  
 63   27   1713 Jun 08  18:28:15      9  -3545   P   -a  -0.8551  1.2685  0.3089  270.6  118.1    -  
 64   28   1731 Jun 20  01:49:42     11  -3322   P   -a  -0.9307  1.1306  0.1692  260.2   89.4    -  
 65   29   1749 Jun 30  09:09:16     13  -3099   P   -a  -1.0073  0.9913  0.0276  248.2   36.9    -  
 66   30   1767 Jul 11  16:27:13     16  -2876   N   -a  -1.0845  0.8511 -0.1155  234.2    -      -  
 67   31   1785 Jul 21  23:45:46     17  -2653   N   -a  -1.1605  0.7134 -0.2568  218.2    -      -  
 68   32   1803 Aug 03  07:05:09     12  -2430   N   -a  -1.2349  0.5790 -0.3953  200.0    -      -  
 69   33   1821 Aug 13  14:26:43     11  -2207   N   -a  -1.3066  0.4497 -0.5292  179.2    -      -  
 70   34   1839 Aug 24  21:52:11      5  -1984   N   -a  -1.3743  0.3281 -0.6560  155.5    -      -  

 71   35   1857 Sep 04  05:22:14      7  -1761   N   -a  -1.4376  0.2148 -0.7748  127.6    -      -  
 72   36   1875 Sep 15  12:57:27     -4  -1538   N   -a  -1.4955  0.1115 -0.8839   93.2    -      -  
 73   37   1893 Sep 25  20:39:00     -6  -1315   Ne  -a  -1.5476  0.0190 -0.9825   38.9    -      -  


Footnotes

[1] The Moon's orbit is inclined about 5 degrees to Earth's orbit around the Sun. The points where the lunar orbit intersects the plane of Earth's orbit are known as the nodes. The Moon moves from south to north of Earth's orbit at the ascending node, and from north to south at the descending node.

[2]Greatest eclipse is defined as the instant when Moon passes closest to the axis of Earth's shadow.


Calendar

The Gregorian calendar is used for all dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates. The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions ). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..


Predictions

The coordinates of the Sun used in these predictions are based on the VSOP87 theory [Bretagnon and Francou, 1988]. The Moon's coordinates are based on the ELP-2000/82 theory [Chapront-Touze and Chapront, 1983]. For more information, see: Solar and Lunar Ephemerides. The revised value used for the Moon's secular acceleration is n-dot = -25.858 arc-sec/cy*cy, as deduced from the Apollo lunar laser ranging experiment (Chapront, Chapront-Touze, and Francou, 2002).

The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:

  1. pre-1950's: ΔT calculated from empirical fits to historical records derived by Morrison and Stephenson (2004)
  2. 1955-present: ΔT obtained from published observations
  3. future: ΔT is extrapolated from current values weighted by the long term trend from tidal effects

A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -1999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.


Acknowledgments

The Besselian elements used in the predictions were kindly provided by Jean Meeus. All eclipse calculations are by Fred Espenak, and he assumes full responsibility for their accuracy. Some of the information presented on this web site is based on data originally published in Five Millennium Canon of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 and Five Millennium Catalog of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000.

Permission is freely granted to reproduce this data when accompanied by an acknowledgment:

"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak and Jean Meeus (NASA's GSFC)"


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2009 Sep 29