Catalog of Lunar Eclipse Saros Series

Saros Series 133

The periodicity and recurrence of lunar (and solar) eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node[1] with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and at the same time of year. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 15 centuries and contains 70 or more lunar eclipses.

Lunar eclipses of Saros 133 all occur at the Moon’s descending node and the Moon moves northward with each eclipse. The series began with a penumbral eclipse near the southern edge of the penumbra on 1557 May 13. The series will end with a penumbral eclipse near the northern edge of the penumbra on 2819 Jun 29. The total duration of Saros series 133 is 1262.11 years. In summary:

                      First Eclipse =  1557 May 13   09:23:04 TD
                       Last Eclipse =  2819 Jun 29   03:22:47 TD

                      Duration of Saros 133  =  1262.11 Years

Saros 133 is composed of 71 lunar eclipses as follows:

Lunar Eclipses of Saros 133
Eclipse Type Symbol Number Percent
All Eclipses - 71100.0%
PenumbralN 17 23.9%
PartialP 33 46.5%
TotalT 21 29.6%

The 71 lunar eclipses in Saros 133 occur in the order of 7N 13P 21T 20P 10N which corresponds to:

                                     7  Penumbral
                                    13  Partial
                                    21  Total
                                    20  Partial
                                    10  Penumbral

The longest and shortest eclipses of Saros 133 are as follows.

            Longest  Total  Lunar Eclipse:    2170 May 30      Duration = 01h41m41s
           Shortest  Total  Lunar Eclipse:    1917 Dec 28      Duration = 00h11m58s

            Longest Partial Lunar Eclipse:    1899 Dec 17      Duration = 03h22m00s
           Shortest Partial Lunar Eclipse:    2639 Mar 11      Duration = 00h44m10s

          Longest Penumbral Lunar Eclipse:    1665 Jul 27      Duration = 04h41m00s
         Shortest Penumbral Lunar Eclipse:    2819 Jun 29      Duration = 01h18m11s

The largest and smallest magnitude partial eclipses of Saros 133 are:

            Largest Partial Lunar Eclipse:    1899 Dec 17      Magnitude = 0.9922
           Smallest Partial Lunar Eclipse:    2639 Mar 11      Magnitude = 0.0417

Local circumstances at greatest eclipse[2] for every lunar eclipse of Saros 133 are presented in the following catalog. For eclipses occurring between the years -1999 to +3000 (2000 BCE to 3000 CE), the sequence number in the first column links to a eclipse geometry diagram and a map from Five Millennium Canon of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000. A detailed key and additional information about the catalog can be found at: Key to Catalog of Lunar Eclipse Saros Series.



Catalog of Lunar Eclipses in Saros 133

                          TD of                                                          Phase
Seq. Rel.    Calendar   Greatest          Luna  Ecl.               Pen.    Um.    ---- Durations ---- 
Num. Num.      Date      Eclipse     ΔT    Num  Type QSE  Gamma    Mag.    Mag.    Pen.   Par.  Total
                                      s                                              m      m      m

 01  -34   1557 May 13  09:23:04    144  -5475   Nb  t-  -1.5370  0.0734 -0.9975   83.9    -      -  
 02  -33   1575 May 24  15:51:37    132  -5252   N   t-  -1.4542  0.2241 -0.8444  144.3    -      -  
 03  -32   1593 Jun 13  22:19:51    122  -5029   N   t-  -1.3703  0.3770 -0.6895  184.3    -      -  
 04  -31   1611 Jun 25  04:45:08    105  -4806   N   t-  -1.2836  0.5352 -0.5295  216.0    -      -  
 05  -30   1629 Jul 05  11:11:37     80  -4583   N   t-  -1.1969  0.6937 -0.3696  241.7    -      -  
 06  -29   1647 Jul 16  17:39:13     53  -4360   N   t-  -1.1100  0.8527 -0.2097  263.3    -      -  
 07  -28   1665 Jul 27  00:11:35     28  -4137   Nx  t-  -1.0260  1.0063 -0.0554  281.0    -      -  
 08  -27   1683 Aug 07  06:48:53     12  -3914   P   t-  -0.9452  1.1546  0.0931  295.7   73.7    -  
 09  -26   1701 Aug 18  13:32:17      8  -3691   P   t-  -0.8683  1.2957  0.2342  307.8  114.3    -  
 10  -25   1719 Aug 29  20:24:03     10  -3468   P   t-  -0.7974  1.4259  0.3641  317.5  139.5    -  

 11  -24   1737 Sep 09  03:24:12     11  -3245   P   t-  -0.7325  1.5453  0.4830  325.3  157.4    -  
 12  -23   1755 Sep 20  10:34:08     14  -3022   P   t-  -0.6745  1.6521  0.5890  331.3  170.5    -  
 13  -22   1773 Sep 30  17:53:06     16  -2799   P   t-  -0.6232  1.7467  0.6829  336.0  180.3    -  
 14  -21   1791 Oct 12  01:23:20     16  -2576   P   t-  -0.5802  1.8259  0.7615  339.4  187.4    -  
 15  -20   1809 Oct 23  09:02:46     12  -2353   P   t-  -0.5440  1.8924  0.8275  341.8  192.6    -  
 16  -19   1827 Nov 03  16:51:55      8  -2130   P   h-  -0.5151  1.9457  0.8805  343.3  196.3    -  
 17  -18   1845 Nov 14  00:49:42      6  -1907   P   h-  -0.4924  1.9872  0.9221  344.1  198.9    -  
 18  -17   1863 Nov 25  08:56:11      7  -1684   P   a-  -0.4760  2.0170  0.9525  344.4  200.4    -  
 19  -16   1881 Dec 05  17:08:33     -5  -1461   P   a-  -0.4640  2.0386  0.9751  344.2  201.4    -  
 20  -15   1899 Dec 17  01:25:45     -3  -1238   P   a-  -0.4551  2.0541  0.9922  343.7  202.0    -  

 21  -14   1917 Dec 28  09:46:32     20  -1015   T   a-  -0.4484  2.0652  1.0056  343.0  202.3   12.0
 22  -13   1936 Jan 08  18:09:58     24   -792   T   a-  -0.4428  2.0740  1.0173  342.1  202.5   20.8
 23  -12   1954 Jan 19  02:32:21     31   -569   T   a-  -0.4357  2.0853  1.0322  341.2  202.9   28.2
 24  -11   1972 Jan 30  10:54:05     42   -346   T   a-  -0.4273  2.0987  1.0497  340.3  203.4   34.8
 25  -10   1990 Feb 09  19:12:02     57   -123   T   a-  -0.4148  2.1191  1.0750  339.6  204.3   42.3
 26  -09   2008 Feb 21  03:27:09     66    100   T   a-  -0.3992  2.1451  1.1062  339.0  205.4   49.8
 27  -08   2026 Mar 03  11:34:52     75    323   T   a-  -0.3765  2.1838  1.1507  338.6  207.2   58.3
 28  -07   2044 Mar 13  19:38:33     88    546   T   a-  -0.3496  2.2303  1.2031  338.4  209.1   66.4
 29  -06   2062 Mar 25  03:33:50    118    769   T   p-  -0.3150  2.2905  1.2695  338.3  211.3   74.7
 30  -05   2080 Apr 04  11:23:38    157    992   T   p-  -0.2751  2.3607  1.3460  338.3  213.6   82.1

 31  -04   2098 Apr 15  19:04:48    198   1215   T-  p-  -0.2272  2.4454  1.4369  338.3  215.8   89.0
 32  -03   2116 Apr 27  02:41:18    242   1438   T-  p-  -0.1746  2.5388  1.5364  338.1  217.7   94.6
 33  -02   2134 May 08  10:10:41    287   1661   T-  pp  -0.1152  2.6447  1.6482  337.6  219.0   98.8
 34  -01   2152 May 18  17:35:13    333   1884   T-  pp  -0.0511  2.7597  1.7688  336.7  219.6  101.2
 35   00   2170 May 30  00:55:17    372   2107   T+  pp   0.0174  2.8188  1.8330  335.3  219.3  101.7
 36   01   2188 Jun 09  08:12:51    414   2330   T+  pp   0.0887  2.6856  1.7045  333.2  218.0   99.8
 37   02   2206 Jun 21  15:28:26    457   2553   T+  pp   0.1626  2.5480  1.5711  330.5  215.5   95.4
 38   03   2224 Jul 01  22:43:13    503   2776   T+  -p   0.2378  2.4081  1.4348  327.0  211.7   87.7
 39   04   2242 Jul 13  05:59:11    550   2999   T   -p   0.3129  2.2688  1.2985  322.9  206.7   76.2
 40   05   2260 Jul 23  13:17:09    600   3222   T   -p   0.3867  2.1322  1.1642  318.1  200.5   59.0


Catalog of Lunar Eclipses in Saros 133

                          TD of                                                          Phase
Seq. Rel.    Calendar   Greatest          Luna  Ecl.               Pen.    Um.    ---- Durations ---- 
Num. Num.      Date      Eclipse     ΔT    Num  Type QSE  Gamma    Mag.    Mag.    Pen.   Par.  Total
                                      s                                              m      m      m

 41   06   2278 Aug 03  20:37:40    652   3445   T   -a   0.4592  1.9983  1.0322  312.7  193.0   27.1
 42   07   2296 Aug 14  04:03:01    705   3668   P   -a   0.5282  1.8710  0.9060  306.8  184.5    -  
 43   08   2314 Aug 26  11:33:39    761   3891   P   -a   0.5935  1.7508  0.7866  300.7  175.1    -  
 44   09   2332 Sep 05  19:11:20    819   4114   P   -a   0.6533  1.6412  0.6771  294.4  165.0    -  
 45   10   2350 Sep 17  02:54:54    879   4337   P   -a   0.7087  1.5396  0.5752  288.1  154.3    -  
 46   11   2368 Sep 27  10:47:20    941   4560   P   -a   0.7571  1.4511  0.4862  282.1  143.5    -  
 47   12   2386 Oct 08  18:46:46   1006   4783   P   -a   0.8002  1.3725  0.4066  276.4  132.5    -  
 48   13   2404 Oct 19  02:55:17   1072   5006   P   -a   0.8362  1.3070  0.3400  271.4  122.2    -  
 49   14   2422 Oct 30  11:10:45   1140   5229   P   -a   0.8668  1.2513  0.2831  266.9  112.2    -  
 50   15   2440 Nov 09  19:35:18   1210   5452   P   -a   0.8904  1.2086  0.2392  263.2  103.7    -  

 51   16   2458 Nov 21  04:06:22   1283   5675   P   -a   0.9091  1.1749  0.2043  260.2   96.1    -  
 52   17   2476 Dec 01  12:44:17   1357   5898   P   -a   0.9228  1.1503  0.1789  257.9   90.2    -  
 53   18   2494 Dec 12  21:27:43   1434   6121   P   -a   0.9324  1.1330  0.1610  256.2   85.7    -  
 54   19   2512 Dec 24  06:15:46   1513   6344   P   -a   0.9388  1.1213  0.1490  255.0   82.5    -  
 55   20   2531 Jan 04  15:06:28   1593   6567   P   -a   0.9433  1.1130  0.1407  254.1   80.2    -  
 56   21   2549 Jan 14  23:58:01   1676   6790   P   -a   0.9477  1.1048  0.1330  253.2   78.0    -  
 57   22   2567 Jan 26  08:49:56   1761   7013   P   -a   0.9521  1.0963  0.1254  252.3   75.8    -  
 58   23   2585 Feb 05  17:40:16   1848   7236   P   -a   0.9585  1.0839  0.1143  251.0   72.4    -  
 59   24   2603 Feb 18  02:26:58   1937   7459   P   -a   0.9679  1.0657  0.0978  249.3   67.1    -  
 60   25   2621 Feb 28  11:09:03   2028   7682   P   -a   0.9813  1.0401  0.0741  246.8   58.6    -  

 61   26   2639 Mar 11  19:45:23   2121   7905   P   -a   0.9996  1.0054  0.0417  243.5   44.2    -  
 62   27   2657 Mar 22  04:15:37   2217   8128   N   -a   1.0230  0.9612 -0.0001  239.1    -      -  
 63   28   2675 Apr 02  12:37:33   2314   8351   N   -a   1.0534  0.9044 -0.0546  233.3    -      -  
 64   29   2693 Apr 12  20:52:52   2413   8574   N   -a   1.0893  0.8373 -0.1193  226.0    -      -  
 65   30   2711 Apr 25  04:59:49   2515   8797   N   -a   1.1317  0.7584 -0.1961  216.9    -      -  
 66   31   2729 May 05  12:59:44   2618   9020   N   -a   1.1800  0.6688 -0.2837  205.6    -      -  
 67   32   2747 May 16  20:51:32   2724   9243   N   -a   1.2348  0.5675 -0.3835  191.4    -      -  
 68   33   2765 May 27  04:37:27   2832   9466   N   -a   1.2942  0.4579 -0.4918  173.9    -      -  
 69   34   2783 Jun 07  12:17:27   2941   9689   N   -a   1.3582  0.3401 -0.6090  151.8    -      -  
 70   35   2801 Jun 17  19:51:48   3053   9912   N   -a   1.4265  0.2146 -0.7343  122.1    -      -  

 71   36   2819 Jun 29  03:22:47   3167  10135   Ne  -a   1.4969  0.0856 -0.8637   78.2    -      -  


Footnotes

[1] The Moon's orbit is inclined about 5 degrees to Earth's orbit around the Sun. The points where the lunar orbit intersects the plane of Earth's orbit are known as the nodes. The Moon moves from south to north of Earth's orbit at the ascending node, and from north to south at the descending node.

[2]Greatest eclipse is defined as the instant when Moon passes closest to the axis of Earth's shadow.


Calendar

The Gregorian calendar is used for all dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates. The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions ). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..


Predictions

The coordinates of the Sun used in these predictions are based on the VSOP87 theory [Bretagnon and Francou, 1988]. The Moon's coordinates are based on the ELP-2000/82 theory [Chapront-Touze and Chapront, 1983]. For more information, see: Solar and Lunar Ephemerides. The revised value used for the Moon's secular acceleration is n-dot = -25.858 arc-sec/cy*cy, as deduced from the Apollo lunar laser ranging experiment (Chapront, Chapront-Touze, and Francou, 2002).

The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:

  1. pre-1950's: ΔT calculated from empirical fits to historical records derived by Morrison and Stephenson (2004)
  2. 1955-present: ΔT obtained from published observations
  3. future: ΔT is extrapolated from current values weighted by the long term trend from tidal effects

A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -1999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.


Acknowledgments

The Besselian elements used in the predictions were kindly provided by Jean Meeus. All eclipse calculations are by Fred Espenak, and he assumes full responsibility for their accuracy. Some of the information presented on this web site is based on data originally published in Five Millennium Canon of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 and Five Millennium Catalog of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000.

Permission is freely granted to reproduce this data when accompanied by an acknowledgment:

"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak and Jean Meeus (NASA's GSFC)"


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2009 Sep 29