Catalog of Lunar Eclipse Saros Series

Saros Series 134

The periodicity and recurrence of lunar (and solar) eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node[1] with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and at the same time of year. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 15 centuries and contains 70 or more lunar eclipses.

Lunar eclipses of Saros 134 all occur at the Moon’s ascending node and the Moon moves southward with each eclipse. The series began with a penumbral eclipse near the northern edge of the penumbra on 1550 Apr 01. The series will end with a penumbral eclipse near the southern edge of the penumbra on 2830 May 28. The total duration of Saros series 134 is 1280.14 years. In summary:

                      First Eclipse =  1550 Apr 01   12:54:38 TD
                       Last Eclipse =  2830 May 28   21:58:39 TD

                      Duration of Saros 134  =  1280.14 Years

Saros 134 is composed of 72 lunar eclipses as follows:

Lunar Eclipses of Saros 134
Eclipse Type Symbol Number Percent
All Eclipses - 72100.0%
PenumbralN 26 36.1%
PartialP 20 27.8%
TotalT 26 36.1%

The 72 lunar eclipses in Saros 134 occur in the order of 8N 10P 26T 10P 18N which corresponds to:

                                     8  Penumbral
                                    10  Partial
                                    26  Total
                                    10  Partial
                                    18  Penumbral

The longest and shortest eclipses of Saros 134 are as follows.

            Longest  Total  Lunar Eclipse:    2217 May 22      Duration = 01h40m23s
           Shortest  Total  Lunar Eclipse:    1874 Oct 25      Duration = 00h32m42s

            Longest Partial Lunar Eclipse:    2343 Aug 07      Duration = 03h10m44s
           Shortest Partial Lunar Eclipse:    1694 Jul 07      Duration = 00h38m58s

          Longest Penumbral Lunar Eclipse:    2523 Nov 24      Duration = 04h28m25s
         Shortest Penumbral Lunar Eclipse:    1550 Apr 01      Duration = 00h12m56s

The largest and smallest magnitude partial eclipses of Saros 134 are:

            Largest Partial Lunar Eclipse:    1856 Oct 13      Magnitude = 0.9960
           Smallest Partial Lunar Eclipse:    2505 Nov 12      Magnitude = 0.0301

Local circumstances at greatest eclipse[2] for every lunar eclipse of Saros 134 are presented in the following catalog. For eclipses occurring between the years -1999 to +3000 (2000 BCE to 3000 CE), the sequence number in the first column links to a eclipse geometry diagram and a map from Five Millennium Canon of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000. A detailed key and additional information about the catalog can be found at: Key to Catalog of Lunar Eclipse Saros Series.



Catalog of Lunar Eclipses in Saros 134

                          TD of                                                          Phase
Seq. Rel.    Calendar   Greatest          Luna  Ecl.               Pen.    Um.    ---- Durations ---- 
Num. Num.      Date      Eclipse     ΔT    Num  Type QSE  Gamma    Mag.    Mag.    Pen.   Par.  Total
                                      s                                              m      m      m

 01  -37   1550 Apr 01  12:54:38    150  -5563   Nb  a-   1.5506  0.0022 -0.9770   12.9    -      -  
 02  -36   1568 Apr 11  20:39:00    136  -5340   N   a-   1.4970  0.0979 -0.8760   85.4    -      -  
 03  -35   1586 May 03  04:16:35    125  -5117   N   a-   1.4373  0.2049 -0.7639  121.9    -      -  
 04  -34   1604 May 13  11:49:46    114  -4894   N   a-   1.3732  0.3201 -0.6441  150.2    -      -  
 05  -33   1622 May 24  19:18:16     90  -4671   N   a-   1.3046  0.4440 -0.5161  174.3    -      -  
 06  -32   1640 Jun 04  02:45:05     63  -4448   N   a-   1.2340  0.5718 -0.3848  194.8    -      -  
 07  -31   1658 Jun 15  10:08:00     37  -4225   N   a-   1.1593  0.7073 -0.2463  213.1    -      -  
 08  -30   1676 Jun 25  17:32:06     17  -4002   N   a-   1.0849  0.8427 -0.1086  228.9    -      -  
 09  -29   1694 Jul 07  00:55:25      8  -3779   P   a-   1.0089  0.9813  0.0317  242.8   39.0    -  
 10  -28   1712 Jul 18  08:21:48      9  -3556   P   a-   0.9350  1.1162  0.1678  254.7   87.9    -  

 11  -27   1730 Jul 29  15:49:46     11  -3333   P   a-   0.8619  1.2503  0.3022  265.1  115.5    -  
 12  -26   1748 Aug 08  23:23:28     13  -3110   P   a-   0.7929  1.3769  0.4287  273.8  134.9    -  
 13  -25   1766 Aug 20  07:01:43     15  -2887   P   a-   0.7272  1.4978  0.5489  281.3  149.6    -  
 14  -24   1784 Aug 30  14:45:57     17  -2664   P   a-   0.6662  1.6104  0.6602  287.4  161.1    -  
 15  -23   1802 Sep 11  22:36:46     13  -2441   P   a-   0.6105  1.7134  0.7615  292.6  170.0    -  
 16  -22   1820 Sep 22  06:35:09     11  -2218   P   a-   0.5612  1.8049  0.8511  296.7  176.8    -  
 17  -21   1838 Oct 03  14:41:28      5  -1995   P   a-   0.5182  1.8849  0.9288  300.0  182.1    -  
 18  -20   1856 Oct 13  22:54:33      7  -1772   P   a-   0.4809  1.9545  0.9960  302.7  186.2    -  
 19  -19   1874 Oct 25  07:16:22     -3  -1549   T   a-   0.4510  2.0108  1.0497  304.8  189.2   32.7
 20  -18   1892 Nov 04  15:44:53     -6  -1326   T   p-   0.4267  2.0565  1.0930  306.5  191.5   44.1

 21  -17   1910 Nov 17  00:20:52     12  -1103   T   p-   0.4089  2.0905  1.1246  307.7  193.0   50.6
 22  -16   1928 Nov 27  09:01:47     24   -880   T   p-   0.3952  2.1166  1.1486  308.7  194.2   54.8
 23  -15   1946 Dec 08  17:48:28     28   -657   T   p-   0.3864  2.1337  1.1639  309.5  194.9   57.3
 24  -14   1964 Dec 19  02:37:54     36   -434   T   p-   0.3801  2.1461  1.1748  310.1  195.5   58.9
 25  -13   1982 Dec 30  11:29:37     53   -211   T   p-   0.3758  2.1545  1.1822  310.6  195.9   60.0
 26  -12   2001 Jan 09  20:21:40     64     12   T   p-   0.3720  2.1618  1.1889  311.0  196.3   61.0
 27  -11   2019 Jan 21  05:13:27     71    235   T   p-   0.3684  2.1684  1.1953  311.5  196.8   62.0
 28  -10   2037 Jan 31  14:01:38     82    458   T   p-   0.3619  2.1803  1.2074  312.1  197.5   63.7
 29  -09   2055 Feb 11  22:46:17    103    681   T   p-   0.3526  2.1970  1.2246  312.9  198.4   66.0
 30  -08   2073 Feb 22  07:24:53    142    904   T   p-   0.3388  2.2218  1.2503  313.8  199.7   69.2

 31  -07   2091 Mar 05  15:58:22    182   1127   T   p-   0.3212  2.2537  1.2832  315.0  201.3   72.9
 32  -06   2109 Mar 17  00:22:28    224   1350   T   p-   0.2962  2.2989  1.3296  316.4  203.3   77.5
 33  -05   2127 Mar 28  08:40:17    269   1573   T+  p-   0.2664  2.3531  1.3849  318.0  205.5   82.3
 34  -04   2145 Apr 07  16:48:09    315   1796   T+  p-   0.2285  2.4221  1.4550  319.7  207.9   87.3
 35  -03   2163 Apr 19  00:49:33    357   2019   T+  p-   0.1858  2.5000  1.5338  321.5  210.2   91.8
 36  -02   2181 Apr 29  08:40:08    397   2242   T+  pp   0.1345  2.5938  1.6281  323.2  212.3   95.9
 37  -01   2199 May 10  16:25:22    440   2465   T+  pp   0.0793  2.6951  1.7297  324.8  214.0   98.8
 38   00   2217 May 22  00:01:35    484   2688   T+  pp   0.0167  2.8100  1.8444  326.0  215.2  100.4
 39   01   2235 Jun 02  07:32:48    531   2911   T-  pp  -0.0495  2.7501  1.7838  326.7  215.5  100.1
 40   02   2253 Jun 12  14:57:11    580   3134   T-  -p  -0.1210  2.6195  1.6520  326.9  214.8   97.6


Catalog of Lunar Eclipses in Saros 134

                          TD of                                                          Phase
Seq. Rel.    Calendar   Greatest          Luna  Ecl.               Pen.    Um.    ---- Durations ---- 
Num. Num.      Date      Eclipse     ΔT    Num  Type QSE  Gamma    Mag.    Mag.    Pen.   Par.  Total
                                      s                                              m      m      m

 41   03   2271 Jun 23  22:18:46    631   3357   T-  -p  -0.1943  2.4858  1.5166  326.4  212.9   92.3
 42   04   2289 Jul 04  05:36:25    684   3580   T-  -p  -0.2703  2.3477  1.3760  325.1  209.6   83.3
 43   05   2307 Jul 16  12:51:48    739   3803   T   -a  -0.3475  2.2075  1.2329  323.0  204.9   69.1
 44   06   2325 Jul 26  20:06:28    796   4026   T   -a  -0.4246  2.0679  1.0898  320.2  198.6   45.0
 45   07   2343 Aug 07  03:21:51    855   4249   P   -a  -0.5005  1.9307  0.9484  316.5  190.7    -  
 46   08   2361 Aug 17  10:38:41    917   4472   P   -a  -0.5740  1.7981  0.8112  312.1  181.2    -  
 47   09   2379 Aug 28  17:58:09    980   4695   P   -a  -0.6445  1.6712  0.6792  307.1  170.1    -  
 48   10   2397 Sep 08  01:22:03   1045   4918   P   -a  -0.7104  1.5531  0.5556  301.7  157.4    -  
 49   11   2415 Sep 19  08:51:06   1113   5141   P   -a  -0.7713  1.4444  0.4410  296.1  143.2    -  
 50   12   2433 Sep 29  16:24:45   1182   5364   P   -a  -0.8273  1.3446  0.3352  290.4  127.2    -  

 51   13   2451 Oct 11  00:05:24   1254   5587   P   -a  -0.8768  1.2570  0.2413  284.9  109.8    -  
 52   14   2469 Oct 21  07:52:38   1328   5810   P   -a  -0.9196  1.1815  0.1596  279.8   90.6    -  
 53   15   2487 Nov 01  15:47:25   1404   6033   P   -a  -0.9559  1.1180  0.0900  275.3   68.9    -  
 54   16   2505 Nov 12  23:47:37   1481   6256   P   -a  -0.9869  1.0642  0.0301  271.4   40.3    -  
 55   17   2523 Nov 24  07:55:24   1561   6479   Nx  -a  -1.0110  1.0229 -0.0168  268.4    -      -  
 56   18   2541 Dec 04  16:08:21   1643   6702   N   -a  -1.0300  0.9907 -0.0543  266.2    -      -  
 57   19   2559 Dec 16  00:26:02   1727   6925   N   -a  -1.0444  0.9666 -0.0832  264.6    -      -  
 58   20   2577 Dec 26  08:46:27   1814   7148   N   -a  -1.0560  0.9475 -0.1065  263.5    -      -  
 59   21   2596 Jan 06  17:09:04   1902   7371   N   -a  -1.0652  0.9325 -0.1251  262.8    -      -  
 60   22   2614 Jan 18  01:31:45   1992   7594   N   -a  -1.0735  0.9188 -0.1418  262.1    -      -  

 61   23   2632 Jan 29  09:52:07   2084   7817   N   -a  -1.0828  0.9028 -0.1600  261.1    -      -  
 62   24   2650 Feb 08  18:09:59   2179   8040   N   -a  -1.0934  0.8843 -0.1803  259.7    -      -  
 63   25   2668 Feb 20  02:22:36   2275   8263   N   -h  -1.1072  0.8593 -0.2063  257.4    -      -  
 64   26   2686 Mar 02  10:28:53   2374   8486   N   -h  -1.1257  0.8258 -0.2405  253.9    -      -  
 65   27   2704 Mar 13  18:26:58   2475   8709   N   -h  -1.1501  0.7811 -0.2852  248.7    -      -  
 66   28   2722 Mar 25  02:17:14   2577   8932   N   -t  -1.1798  0.7264 -0.3398  241.7    -      -  
 67   29   2740 Apr 04  09:58:17   2682   9155   N   -t  -1.2163  0.6593 -0.4063  232.3    -      -  
 68   30   2758 Apr 15  17:28:58   2789   9378   N   -t  -1.2602  0.5783 -0.4867  219.8    -      -  
 69   31   2776 Apr 26  00:50:25   2898   9601   N   -t  -1.3110  0.4849 -0.5794  203.5    -      -  
 70   32   2794 May 07  08:02:01   3009   9824   N   -t  -1.3690  0.3781 -0.6856  181.9    -      -  

 71   33   2812 May 17  15:05:07   3122  10047   N   -t  -1.4327  0.2607 -0.8023  153.0    -      -  
 72   34   2830 May 28  21:58:39   3237  10270   N   -t  -1.5032  0.1312 -0.9315  110.1    -      -  


Footnotes

[1] The Moon's orbit is inclined about 5 degrees to Earth's orbit around the Sun. The points where the lunar orbit intersects the plane of Earth's orbit are known as the nodes. The Moon moves from south to north of Earth's orbit at the ascending node, and from north to south at the descending node.

[2]Greatest eclipse is defined as the instant when Moon passes closest to the axis of Earth's shadow.


Calendar

The Gregorian calendar is used for all dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates. The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions ). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..


Predictions

The coordinates of the Sun used in these predictions are based on the VSOP87 theory [Bretagnon and Francou, 1988]. The Moon's coordinates are based on the ELP-2000/82 theory [Chapront-Touze and Chapront, 1983]. For more information, see: Solar and Lunar Ephemerides. The revised value used for the Moon's secular acceleration is n-dot = -25.858 arc-sec/cy*cy, as deduced from the Apollo lunar laser ranging experiment (Chapront, Chapront-Touze, and Francou, 2002).

The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:

  1. pre-1950's: ΔT calculated from empirical fits to historical records derived by Morrison and Stephenson (2004)
  2. 1955-present: ΔT obtained from published observations
  3. future: ΔT is extrapolated from current values weighted by the long term trend from tidal effects

A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -1999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.


Acknowledgments

The Besselian elements used in the predictions were kindly provided by Jean Meeus. All eclipse calculations are by Fred Espenak, and he assumes full responsibility for their accuracy. Some of the information presented on this web site is based on data originally published in Five Millennium Canon of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 and Five Millennium Catalog of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000.

Permission is freely granted to reproduce this data when accompanied by an acknowledgment:

"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak and Jean Meeus (NASA's GSFC)"


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2009 Sep 29