The periodicity and recurrence of lunar (and solar) eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node[1] with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and at the same time of year. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 15 centuries and contains 70 or more lunar eclipses.
Lunar eclipses of Saros 167 all occur at the Moon’s descending node and the Moon moves northward with each eclipse. The series will begin with a penumbral eclipse near the southern edge of the penumbra on 2541 Jul 09. The series will end with a penumbral eclipse near the northern edge of the penumbra on 3803 Aug 16. The total duration of Saros series 167 is 1262.11 years. In summary:
First Eclipse = 2541 Jul 09 09:38:29 TD
Last Eclipse = 3803 Aug 16 14:09:24 TD
Duration of Saros 167 = 1262.11 Years
Saros 167 is composed of 71 lunar eclipses as follows:
| Lunar Eclipses of Saros 167 | |||
| Eclipse Type | Symbol | Number | Percent |
| All Eclipses | - | 71 | 100.0% |
| Penumbral | N | 15 | 21.1% |
| Partial | P | 41 | 57.7% |
| Total | T | 15 | 21.1% |
The 71 lunar eclipses in Saros 167 occur in the order of 7N 20P 15T 21P 8N which corresponds to:
7 Penumbral
20 Partial
15 Total
21 Partial
8 Penumbral
The longest and shortest eclipses of Saros 167 are as follows.
Longest Total Lunar Eclipse: 3154 Jul 17 Duration = 01h40m08s
Shortest Total Lunar Eclipse: 3280 Sep 30 Duration = 00h23m40s
Longest Partial Lunar Eclipse: 3010 Apr 20 Duration = 03h08m07s
Shortest Partial Lunar Eclipse: 3659 May 20 Duration = 00h55m50s
Longest Penumbral Lunar Eclipse: 2649 Sep 13 Duration = 04h28m34s
Shortest Penumbral Lunar Eclipse: 3803 Aug 16 Duration = 00h38m51s
The largest and smallest magnitude partial eclipses of Saros 167 are:
Largest Partial Lunar Eclipse: 3010 Apr 20 Magnitude = 0.9394
Smallest Partial Lunar Eclipse: 3659 May 20 Magnitude = 0.0650
Local circumstances at greatest eclipse[2] for every lunar eclipse of Saros 167 are presented in the following catalog. For eclipses occurring between the years -1999 to +3000 (2000 BCE to 3000 CE), the sequence number in the first column links to a eclipse geometry diagram and a map from Five Millennium Canon of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000. A detailed key and additional information about the catalog can be found at: Key to Catalog of Lunar Eclipse Saros Series.
TD of Phase
Seq. Rel. Calendar Greatest Luna Ecl. Pen. Um. ---- Durations ----
Num. Num. Date Eclipse ΔT Num Type QSE Gamma Mag. Mag. Pen. Par. Total
s m m m
01 -34 2541 Jul 09 09:38:29 1641 6697 Nb t- -1.5025 0.1243 -0.9219 105.7 - -
02 -33 2559 Jul 20 16:18:32 1725 6920 N t- -1.4179 0.2780 -0.7654 155.4 - -
03 -32 2577 Jul 30 23:01:14 1812 7143 N t- -1.3341 0.4307 -0.6104 190.0 - -
04 -31 2595 Aug 11 05:47:49 1900 7366 N t- -1.2521 0.5803 -0.4589 216.7 - -
05 -30 2613 Aug 22 12:40:07 1990 7589 N t- -1.1735 0.7237 -0.3140 237.8 - -
06 -29 2631 Sep 02 19:39:18 2082 7812 N t- -1.0994 0.8591 -0.1775 254.8 - -
07 -28 2649 Sep 13 02:45:09 2177 8035 N t- -1.0296 0.9867 -0.0491 268.6 - -
08 -27 2667 Sep 24 10:00:39 2273 8258 P h- -0.9668 1.1018 0.0664 279.4 60.5 -
09 -26 2685 Oct 04 17:24:11 2372 8481 P h- -0.9096 1.2066 0.1716 288.2 95.5 -
10 -25 2703 Oct 17 00:58:02 2472 8704 P h- -0.8598 1.2979 0.2630 295.0 116.3 -
11 -24 2721 Oct 27 08:40:23 2575 8927 P a- -0.8162 1.3779 0.3431 300.2 130.9 -
12 -23 2739 Nov 07 16:33:47 2680 9150 P a- -0.7807 1.4430 0.4083 304.0 141.0 -
13 -22 2757 Nov 18 00:35:24 2786 9373 P a- -0.7511 1.4970 0.4627 306.7 148.4 -
14 -21 2775 Nov 29 08:45:58 2895 9596 P a- -0.7280 1.5391 0.5053 308.5 153.6 -
15 -20 2793 Dec 09 17:03:55 3006 9819 P a- -0.7101 1.5715 0.5386 309.5 157.2 -
16 -19 2811 Dec 21 01:29:09 3119 10042 P a- -0.6972 1.5945 0.5629 309.9 159.7 -
17 -18 2829 Dec 31 09:58:30 3234 10265 P a- -0.6872 1.6120 0.5822 309.9 161.4 -
18 -17 2848 Jan 11 18:31:29 3352 10488 P a- -0.6794 1.6252 0.5977 309.6 162.7 -
19 -16 2866 Jan 22 03:06:00 3471 10711 P a- -0.6721 1.6372 0.6125 309.2 163.9 -
20 -15 2884 Feb 02 11:41:45 3592 10934 P a- -0.6649 1.6486 0.6274 308.8 165.0 -
21 -14 2902 Feb 13 20:14:30 3716 11157 P a- -0.6548 1.6652 0.6480 308.5 166.7 -
22 -13 2920 Feb 25 04:45:31 3841 11380 P a- -0.6427 1.6852 0.6723 308.4 168.7 -
23 -12 2938 Mar 07 13:11:04 3969 11603 P a- -0.6255 1.7143 0.7062 308.7 171.5 -
24 -11 2956 Mar 17 21:33:02 4098 11826 P a- -0.6048 1.7496 0.7467 309.3 174.7 -
25 -10 2974 Mar 29 05:46:43 4230 12049 P a- -0.5766 1.7987 0.8012 310.4 178.8 -
26 -09 2992 Apr 08 13:56:10 4364 12272 P a- -0.5442 1.8554 0.8635 311.7 183.2 -
27 -08 3010 Apr 20 21:57:04 4499 12495 P a- -0.5043 1.9258 0.9394 313.3 188.1 -
28 -07 3028 May 01 05:52:42 4637 12718 T a- -0.4592 2.0057 1.0248 315.1 193.0 23.8
29 -06 3046 May 12 13:40:15 4777 12941 T a- -0.4069 2.0991 1.1234 317.0 197.9 51.6
30 -05 3064 May 22 21:23:32 4919 13164 T a- -0.3502 2.2005 1.2298 318.7 202.4 67.9
31 -04 3082 Jun 03 05:00:46 5063 13387 T p- -0.2879 2.3126 1.3466 320.3 206.4 80.0
32 -03 3100 Jun 14 12:33:47 5210 13610 T- p- -0.2212 2.4328 1.4710 321.4 209.7 89.0
33 -02 3118 Jun 25 20:03:19 5358 13833 T- p- -0.1513 2.5592 1.6010 322.2 212.1 95.1
34 -01 3136 Jul 06 03:30:58 5508 14056 T- pp -0.0793 2.6897 1.7347 322.3 213.4 98.8
35 00 3154 Jul 17 10:57:12 5661 14279 T- pp -0.0056 2.8237 1.8713 321.8 213.7 100.1
36 01 3172 Jul 27 18:23:15 5815 14502 T+ pp 0.0687 2.7069 1.7563 320.7 212.9 99.0
37 02 3190 Aug 08 01:50:37 5972 14725 T+ pp 0.1423 2.5713 1.6221 319.0 211.0 95.5
38 03 3208 Aug 18 09:20:27 6130 14948 T+ -p 0.2138 2.4396 1.4911 316.7 208.1 89.4
39 04 3226 Aug 29 16:52:50 6291 15171 T -p 0.2835 2.3117 1.3633 313.9 204.2 80.5
40 05 3244 Sep 09 00:30:12 6454 15394 T -p 0.3493 2.1911 1.2423 310.7 199.5 68.5
TD of Phase
Seq. Rel. Calendar Greatest Luna Ecl. Pen. Um. ---- Durations ----
Num. Num. Date Eclipse ΔT Num Type QSE Gamma Mag. Mag. Pen. Par. Total
s m m m
41 06 3262 Sep 20 08:12:47 6618 15617 T -a 0.4110 2.0785 1.1288 307.2 194.1 51.7
42 07 3280 Sep 30 16:02:18 6785 15840 T -a 0.4669 1.9766 1.0255 303.6 188.4 23.7
43 08 3298 Oct 11 23:57:33 6954 16063 P -a 0.5182 1.8834 0.9304 300.0 182.4 -
44 09 3316 Oct 23 08:01:12 7125 16286 P -a 0.5627 1.8028 0.8478 296.6 176.5 -
45 10 3334 Nov 03 16:11:39 7299 16509 P -a 0.6019 1.7320 0.7747 293.3 170.7 -
46 11 3352 Nov 14 00:30:18 7474 16732 P -a 0.6345 1.6734 0.7137 290.5 165.5 -
47 12 3370 Nov 25 08:55:31 7651 16955 P -a 0.6617 1.6246 0.6625 288.1 160.7 -
48 13 3388 Dec 05 17:28:18 7830 17178 P -a 0.6831 1.5866 0.6222 286.2 156.7 -
49 14 3406 Dec 18 02:06:57 8012 17401 P -a 0.6996 1.5574 0.5908 284.7 153.5 -
50 15 3424 Dec 28 10:50:20 8195 17624 P -a 0.7125 1.5345 0.5661 283.6 150.8 -
51 16 3443 Jan 08 19:38:17 8381 17847 P -a 0.7217 1.5185 0.5485 282.9 148.9 -
52 17 3461 Jan 19 04:28:19 8568 18070 P -a 0.7295 1.5048 0.5336 282.3 147.3 -
53 18 3479 Jan 30 13:19:52 8758 18293 P -a 0.7358 1.4937 0.5217 281.8 146.0 -
54 19 3497 Feb 09 22:09:48 8950 18516 P -a 0.7436 1.4796 0.5073 281.2 144.4 -
55 20 3515 Feb 22 06:59:01 9144 18739 P -a 0.7518 1.4646 0.4922 280.5 142.7 -
56 21 3533 Mar 04 15:44:20 9340 18962 P -a 0.7636 1.4427 0.4707 279.4 140.1 -
57 22 3551 Mar 16 00:25:17 9538 19185 P -a 0.7787 1.4147 0.4434 277.8 136.7 -
58 23 3569 Mar 26 08:59:52 9738 19408 P -a 0.7989 1.3770 0.4067 275.6 131.8 -
59 24 3587 Apr 06 17:28:28 9940 19631 P -a 0.8240 1.3305 0.3611 272.7 125.3 -
60 25 3605 Apr 17 01:49:35 10144 19854 P -a 0.8552 1.2726 0.3044 268.8 116.2 -
61 26 3623 Apr 28 10:02:40 10350 20077 P -a 0.8930 1.2028 0.2357 263.8 103.4 -
62 27 3641 May 08 18:08:05 10559 20300 P -a 0.9369 1.1218 0.1557 257.4 85.1 -
63 28 3659 May 20 02:05:51 10769 20523 P -a 0.9864 1.0305 0.0650 249.7 55.8 -
64 29 3677 May 30 09:55:30 10982 20746 N -a 1.0424 0.9275 -0.0375 239.9 - -
65 30 3695 Jun 10 17:38:04 11196 20969 N -a 1.1038 0.8150 -0.1501 228.1 - -
66 31 3713 Jun 22 01:13:47 11413 21192 N -a 1.1700 0.6935 -0.2719 213.6 - -
67 32 3731 Jul 03 08:44:51 11631 21415 N -a 1.2395 0.5667 -0.3997 196.0 - -
68 33 3749 Jul 13 16:09:21 11852 21638 N -a 1.3134 0.4317 -0.5360 173.9 - -
69 34 3767 Jul 24 23:31:51 12075 21861 N -a 1.3878 0.2961 -0.6737 146.3 - -
70 35 3785 Aug 04 06:50:27 12300 22084 N -a 1.4646 0.1566 -0.8157 108.1 - -
71 36 3803 Aug 16 14:09:24 12527 22307 Ne -a 1.5401 0.0196 -0.9559 38.9 - -
[1] The Moon's orbit is inclined about 5 degrees to Earth's orbit around the Sun. The points where the lunar orbit intersects the plane of Earth's orbit are known as the nodes. The Moon moves from south to north of Earth's orbit at the ascending node, and from north to south at the descending node.
[2]Greatest eclipse is defined as the instant when Moon passes closest to the axis of Earth's shadow.
The Gregorian calendar is used for all dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates. The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions ). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..
The coordinates of the Sun used in these predictions are based on the VSOP87 theory [Bretagnon and Francou, 1988]. The Moon's coordinates are based on the ELP-2000/82 theory [Chapront-Touze and Chapront, 1983]. For more information, see: Solar and Lunar Ephemerides. The revised value used for the Moon's secular acceleration is n-dot = -25.858 arc-sec/cy*cy, as deduced from the Apollo lunar laser ranging experiment (Chapront, Chapront-Touze, and Francou, 2002).
The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:
A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -1999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.
The Besselian elements used in the predictions were kindly provided by Jean Meeus. All eclipse calculations are by Fred Espenak, and he assumes full responsibility for their accuracy. Some of the information presented on this web site is based on data originally published in Five Millennium Canon of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 and Five Millennium Catalog of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000.
Permission is freely granted to reproduce this data when accompanied by an acknowledgment:
"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak and Jean Meeus (NASA's GSFC)"
