The periodicity and recurrence of solar eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node[1] with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and at the same time of year. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 13 centuries and contains 70 or more eclipses. Every saros series begins with a number of partial eclipses near one of Earth's polar regions. The series will then produce several dozen central[2] eclipses before ending with a group of partial eclipses near the opposite pole. For more information, see Periodicity of Solar Eclipses.
Solar eclipses of Saros 136 all occur at the Moon’s descending node and the Moon moves northward with each eclipse. The series began with a partial eclipse in the southern hemisphere on 1360 Jun 14. The series will end with a partial eclipse in the northern hemisphere on 2622 Jul 30. The total duration of Saros series 136 is 1262.11 years. In summary:
First Eclipse = 1360 Jun 14 05:56:04 TD Last Eclipse = 2622 Jul 30 12:18:09 TD Duration of Saros 136 = 1262.11 Years
Saros 136 is composed of 71 solar eclipses as follows:
| Solar Eclipses of Saros 136 | |||
| Eclipse Type | Symbol | Number | Percent |
| All Eclipses | - | 71 | 100.0% |
| Partial | P | 15 | 21.1% |
| Annular | A | 6 | 8.5% |
| Total | T | 44 | 62.0% |
| Hybrid[3] | H | 6 | 8.5% |
Umbral eclipses (annular, total and hybrid) can be further classified as either: 1) Central (two limits), 2) Central (one limit) or 3) Non-Central (one limit). The statistical distribution of these classes in Saros series 136 appears in the following table.
| Umbral Eclipses of Saros 136 | ||
| Classification | Number | Percent |
| All Umbral Eclipses | 56 | 100.0% |
| Central (two limits) | 56 | 100.0% |
| Central (one limit) | 0 | 0.0% |
| Non-Central (one limit) | 0 | 0.0% |
The following string illustrates the sequence of the 71 eclipses in Saros 136: 8P 6A 6H 44T 7P
The longest and shortest central eclipses of Saros 136 as well as largest and smallest partial eclipses are listed in the below.
| Extreme Durations and Magnitudes of Solar Eclipses of Saros 136 | |||
| Extrema Type | Date | Duration | Magnitude |
| Longest Annular Solar Eclipse | 1504 Sep 08 | 00m32s | - |
| Shortest Annular Solar Eclipse | 1594 Nov 12 | 00m04s | - |
| Longest Total Solar Eclipse | 1955 Jun 20 | 07m08s | - |
| Shortest Total Solar Eclipse | 2496 May 13 | 01m02s | - |
| Longest Hybrid Solar Eclipse | 1703 Jan 17 | 00m50s | - |
| Shortest Hybrid Solar Eclipse | 1612 Nov 22 | 00m01s | - |
| Largest Partial Solar Eclipse | 1486 Aug 29 | - | 0.98558 |
| Smallest Partial Solar Eclipse | 1360 Jun 14 | - | 0.04950 |
The catalog below lists concise details and local circumstances at greatest eclipse[5] for every solar eclipse in Saros 136. A description or explanation of each parameter listed in the catalog can be found in Key to Catalog of Solar Eclipse Saros Series.
Several fields in the catalog link to web pages or files containing additional information for each eclipse (for the years -1999 through +3000). The following gives a brief explanation of each link.
For an animation showing how the eclipse path changes with each member of the series, see Animation of Saros 136.
TD of
Seq. Rel. Calendar Greatest Luna Ecl. Ecl. Sun Path Central
Num. Num. Date Eclipse ΔT Num. Type Gamma Mag. Lat Long Alt Width Dur.
s ° ° ° km
08000 -35 1360 Jun 14 05:56:04 378 -7910 Pb -1.5227 0.0495 65.8S 78.2E 0
08041 -34 1378 Jun 25 12:45:16 349 -7687 P -1.4392 0.1976 64.8S 34.2W 0
08082 -33 1396 Jul 05 19:37:40 323 -7464 P -1.3568 0.3449 63.9S 147.2W 0
08122 -32 1414 Jul 17 02:35:03 298 -7241 P -1.2770 0.4881 63.1S 99.0E 0
08162 -31 1432 Jul 27 09:39:02 274 -7018 P -1.2011 0.6250 62.4S 16.3W 0
08202 -30 1450 Aug 07 16:48:49 251 -6795 P -1.1286 0.7560 61.8S 132.8W 0
08241 -29 1468 Aug 18 00:08:08 230 -6572 P -1.0627 0.8753 61.3S 108.4E 0
08281 -28 1486 Aug 29 07:34:56 210 -6349 P -1.0018 0.9856 61.0S 12.1W 0
08322 -27 1504 Sep 08 15:12:15 191 -6126 A -0.9486 0.9924 55.3S 102.6W 18 83 00m32s
08364 -26 1522 Sep 19 22:57:33 173 -5903 A -0.9011 0.9946 53.9S 146.1E 25 42 00m23s
08405 -25 1540 Sep 30 06:54:11 157 -5680 A -0.8620 0.9960 54.6S 29.2E 30 27 00m17s
08446 -24 1558 Oct 11 14:58:55 143 -5457 A -0.8289 0.9971 56.5S 90.3W 34 18 00m12s
08487 -23 1576 Oct 21 23:13:06 131 -5234 A -0.8031 0.9981 59.2S 147.9E 36 11 00m08s
08528 -22 1594 Nov 12 07:34:49 121 -5011 A -0.7829 0.9991 62.4S 25.1E 38 5 00m04s
08568 -21 1612 Nov 22 16:04:35 104 -4788 H -0.7691 1.0002 65.7S 98.4W 39 1 00m01s
08612 -20 1630 Dec 04 00:38:59 78 -4565 H -0.7585 1.0017 68.7S 139.6E 40 9 00m07s
08657 -19 1648 Dec 14 09:17:55 51 -4342 H -0.7510 1.0035 70.9S 19.6E 41 18 00m14s
08703 -18 1666 Dec 25 17:59:16 27 -4119 H -0.7452 1.0058 71.6S 98.3W 42 30 00m24s
08749 -17 1685 Jan 05 02:42:50 11 -3896 H -0.7409 1.0086 70.7S 143.1E 42 44 00m35s
08794 -16 1703 Jan 17 11:24:25 8 -3673 H2 -0.7345 1.0120 67.9S 22.2E 42 61 00m50s
08839 -15 1721 Jan 27 20:05:11 10 -3450 T -0.7269 1.0158 64.0S 102.4W 43 79 01m07s
08885 -14 1739 Feb 08 04:41:13 11 -3227 T -0.7149 1.0203 59.2S 131.0E 44 99 01m27s
08931 -13 1757 Feb 18 13:14:12 14 -3004 T -0.6999 1.0251 53.8S 2.9E 45 119 01m51s
08976 -12 1775 Mar 01 21:39:20 16 -2781 T -0.6783 1.0304 47.9S 124.8W 47 139 02m20s
09022 -11 1793 Mar 12 06:00:07 16 -2558 T -0.6524 1.0359 41.7S 107.8E 49 158 02m51s
09067 -10 1811 Mar 24 14:12:13 12 -2335 T -0.6190 1.0416 35.2S 18.0W 52 176 03m27s
09112 -09 1829 Apr 03 22:18:36 8 -2112 T -0.5803 1.0474 28.5S 142.6W 54 192 04m05s
09156 -08 1847 Apr 15 06:16:13 7 -1889 T -0.5339 1.0530 21.6S 95.0E 58 206 04m44s
09199 -07 1865 Apr 25 14:08:34 6 -1666 T -0.4826 1.0584 14.8S 25.8W 61 219 05m23s
09241 -06 1883 May 06 21:53:49 -6 -1443 T -0.4250 1.0634 8.1S 144.6W 65 229 05m58s
09283 -05 1901 May 18 05:33:48 -1 -1220 T -0.3626 1.0680 1.7S 98.4E 69 238 06m29s
09326 -04 1919 May 29 13:08:55 21 -997 T -0.2955 1.0719 4.4N 16.7W 73 244 06m51s
09369 -03 1937 Jun 08 20:41:02 24 -774 T -0.2253 1.0751 9.9N 130.5W 77 250 07m04s
09410 -02 1955 Jun 20 04:10:42 31 -551 T -0.1528 1.0776 14.8N 117.0E 81 254 07m08s
09450 -01 1973 Jun 30 11:38:41 44 -328 T -0.0785 1.0792 18.8N 5.6E 86 256 07m04s
09489 00 1991 Jul 11 19:07:01 58 -105 Tm -0.0041 1.0800 22.0N 105.2W 90 258 06m53s
09528 01 2009 Jul 22 02:36:25 66 118 T 0.0698 1.0799 24.2N 144.1E 86 258 06m39s
09568 02 2027 Aug 02 10:07:50 76 341 T 0.1421 1.0790 25.5N 33.2E 82 258 06m23s
09608 03 2045 Aug 12 17:42:39 89 564 T 0.2116 1.0774 25.9N 78.5W 78 256 06m06s
09649 04 2063 Aug 24 01:22:11 121 787 T 0.2771 1.0750 25.6N 168.4E 74 252 05m49s
TD of
Seq. Rel. Calendar Greatest Luna Ecl. Ecl. Sun Path Central
Num. Num. Date Eclipse ΔT Num. Type Gamma Mag. Lat Long Alt Width Dur.
s ° ° ° km
09690 05 2081 Sep 03 09:07:31 160 1010 T 0.3378 1.0720 24.6N 53.6E 70 247 05m33s
09732 06 2099 Sep 14 16:57:53 202 1233 T 0.3942 1.0684 23.4N 62.8W 67 241 05m18s
09773 07 2117 Sep 26 00:55:42 245 1456 T 0.4442 1.0645 21.9N 178.4E 64 233 05m03s
09814 08 2135 Oct 07 09:00:03 291 1679 T 0.4884 1.0603 20.3N 57.6E 61 224 04m50s
09856 09 2153 Oct 17 17:12:18 336 1902 T 0.5259 1.0560 18.8N 65.7W 58 214 04m36s
09898 10 2171 Oct 29 01:31:03 375 2125 T 0.5577 1.0516 17.6N 169.1E 56 203 04m23s
09942 11 2189 Nov 08 09:57:28 417 2348 T 0.5830 1.0474 16.5N 41.6E 54 192 04m10s
09987 12 2207 Nov 20 18:30:26 461 2571 T 0.6027 1.0434 15.8N 87.8W 53 180 03m56s
10030 13 2225 Dec 01 03:08:36 506 2794 T 0.6178 1.0398 15.4N 141.4E 52 169 03m43s
10074 14 2243 Dec 12 11:52:14 554 3017 T 0.6284 1.0365 15.5N 9.0E 51 157 03m30s
10119 15 2261 Dec 22 20:38:50 604 3240 T 0.6360 1.0337 16.1N 124.2W 50 147 03m17s
10164 16 2280 Jan 03 05:28:11 656 3463 T 0.6414 1.0314 17.2N 101.9E 50 138 03m04s
10210 17 2298 Jan 13 14:16:27 710 3686 T 0.6474 1.0296 19.0N 31.9W 50 131 02m52s
10255 18 2316 Jan 25 23:05:17 766 3909 T 0.6526 1.0282 21.4N 166.0W 49 126 02m42s
10301 19 2334 Feb 05 07:50:29 824 4132 T 0.6603 1.0272 24.6N 60.8E 49 122 02m33s
10347 20 2352 Feb 16 16:32:06 884 4355 T 0.6709 1.0266 28.5N 71.8W 48 121 02m24s
10392 21 2370 Feb 27 01:07:02 946 4578 T 0.6865 1.0262 33.2N 157.0E 46 121 02m17s
10435 22 2388 Mar 09 09:36:21 1011 4801 T 0.7064 1.0260 38.5N 27.0E 45 124 02m10s
10479 23 2406 Mar 20 17:57:23 1077 5024 T 0.7327 1.0258 44.5N 101.3W 43 128 02m03s
10522 24 2424 Mar 31 02:10:10 1146 5247 T 0.7652 1.0254 51.3N 131.9E 40 133 01m55s
10565 25 2442 Apr 11 10:14:04 1216 5470 T 0.8046 1.0248 58.7N 6.2E 36 142 01m45s
10608 26 2460 Apr 21 18:09:49 1289 5693 T 0.8503 1.0236 66.8N 119.8W 31 154 01m34s
10650 27 2478 May 03 01:55:59 1363 5916 T 0.9034 1.0218 75.7N 107.7E 25 176 01m20s
10692 28 2496 May 13 09:34:25 1440 6139 T 0.9622 1.0185 81.0N 70.4W 15 243 01m02s
10734 29 2514 May 25 17:04:32 1519 6362 P 1.0272 0.9507 68.5N 123.2E 0
10774 30 2532 Jun 05 00:28:58 1600 6585 P 1.0962 0.8224 67.5N 1.3E 0
10814 31 2550 Jun 16 07:45:35 1683 6808 P 1.1708 0.6840 66.4N 118.1W 0
10854 32 2568 Jun 26 14:58:55 1768 7031 P 1.2472 0.5426 65.5N 123.7E 0
10894 33 2586 Jul 07 22:07:07 1855 7254 P 1.3270 0.3957 64.5N 7.2E 0
10935 34 2604 Jul 19 05:14:31 1944 7477 P 1.4062 0.2509 63.7N 108.8W 0
10976 35 2622 Jul 30 12:18:09 2035 7700 Pe 1.4872 0.1039 63.0N 136.4E 0
The Gregorian calendar is used for all dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates. The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions ). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..
The coordinates of the Sun used in these predictions are based on the VSOP87 theory [Bretagnon and Francou, 1988]. The Moon's coordinates are based on the ELP-2000/82 theory [Chapront-Touze and Chapront, 1983]. For more information, see: Solar and Lunar Ephemerides. The revised value used for the Moon's secular acceleration is n-dot = -25.858 arc-sec/cy*cy, as deduced from the Apollo lunar laser ranging experiment (Chapront, Chapront-Touze, and Francou, 2002).
The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:
A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -1999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.
[1] The Moon's orbit is inclined about 5 degrees to Earth's orbit around the Sun. The points where the lunar orbit intersects the plane of Earth's orbit are known as the nodes. The Moon moves from south to north of Earth's orbit at the ascending node, and from north to south at the descending node.
[2]Central solar eclipses are eclipses in which the central axis of the Moon's shadow strikes the Earth's surface. All partial (penumbral) eclipses are non-central eclipses since the shadow axis misses Earth. However, umbral eclipses (total, annular and hybrid) may be either central (usually) or non-central (rarely).
[3]Hybrid eclipses are also known as annular/total eclipses. Such an eclipse is both total and annular along different sections of its umbral path. For more information, see Five Millennium Catalog of Hybrid Solar Eclipses .
[4]Greatest eclipse is defined as the instant when the axis of the Moon's shadow passes closest to Earth's center. For total eclipses, the instant of greatest eclipse is nearly equal to the instants of greatest magnitude and greatest duration. However, for annular eclipses, the instant of greatest duration may occur at either the time of greatest eclipse or near the sunrise and sunset points of the eclipse path.
The information presented on this web page is based on data published in Five Millennium Canon of Solar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 and Five Millennium Catalog of Solar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000. The individual global maps appearing in links (both GIF an animation) were extracted from full page plates appearing in Five Millennium Canon by Dan McGlaun. The Besselian elements were provided by Jean Meeus. Fred Espenak assumes full responsibility for the accuracy of all eclipse calculations.
Permission is freely granted to reproduce this data when accompanied by an acknowledgment:
"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak (NASA's GSFC)"
