Five Millennium Catalog of Solar Eclipses

-0499 to -0400 ( 500 BCE to 401 BCE )

Introduction

Eclipses of the Sun can only occur when the Moon is near one of its two orbital nodes [1] during the New Moon phase. It is then possible for the Moon's penumbral, umbral or antumbral shadows to sweep across Earth's surface thereby producing an eclipse. There are four types of solar eclipses:

  1. Partial - Moon's penumbral shadow traverses Earth (umbral and antumbral shadows completely miss Earth)
  2. Annular - Moon's antumbral shadow traverses Earth (Moon is too far from Earth to completely cover the Sun)
  3. Total - Moon's umbral shadow traverses Earth (Moon is close enough to Earth to completely cover the Sun)
  4. Hybrid - Moon's umbral and antumbral shadows traverse Earth (eclipse appears annular and total along different sections of its path). Hybrid eclipses are also known as annular-total eclipses. [2]

Total eclipses are visible from within the Moon’s umbral shadow while annular eclipses are seen within the antumbral shadow . These eclipses can be classified as central [3] or non-central as:

  1. Central (two limits) - The central axis of the Moon’s shadow cone traverses Earth thereby producing a central line in the eclipse track. The umbra or antumbra falls entirely upon Earth so the ground track has both a northern and southern limit.
  2. Central (one limit) - The central axis of the Moon’s shadow cone traverses Earth. However, a portion of the umbra or antumbra misses Earth throughout the eclipse and the resulting ground track has just one limit.
  3. Non-Central (one limit) - The central axis of the Moon’s shadow cone misses Earth. However, one edge of the umbra or antumbra grazes Earth thereby producing a ground track with one limit and no central line.

The recurrence of solar eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle. For more information, see Periodicity of Solar Eclipses.


Statistics for Solar Eclipses: -0499 to -0400 ( 500 BCE to 401 BCE)

During the 5th century BCE[4], Earth experienced 241 solar eclipses. The following table shows the number of eclipses of each type over this period.

Solar Eclipses: -0499 - -0400
Eclipse Type Symbol Number Percent
All Eclipses - 241100.0%
PartialP 84 34.9%
AnnularA 78 32.4%
TotalT 62 25.7%
HybridH 17 7.1%

Annular and total eclipses can be classified as either central or non-central as follows: 1) Central (two limits), 2) Central (one limit) or 3) Non-Central (one limit). The statistical distribution of these classes during the 5th century BCE appears in the following three tables (no Hybrids are included since all are central with two limits).

Annular and Total Eclipses
Classification Number Percent
All 140100.0%
Central (two limits) 138 98.6%
Central (one limit) 0 0.0%
Non-Central (one limit) 2 1.4%
Annular Eclipses
Classification Number Percent
All Annular Eclipses 78100.0%
Central (two limits) 76 97.4%
Central (one limit) 0 0.0%
Non-Central (one limit) 2 2.6%
Total Eclipses
Classification Number Percent
All Total Eclipses 62100.0%
Central (two limits) 62100.0%
Central (one limit) 0 0.0%
Non-Central (one limit) 0 0.0%

There are a minimum of two and a maximum of five solar eclipses in every calendar year. Statistics for the number of eclipses each year during the century are listed below.


                      Number of Years with 2 Eclipses: 68
                      Number of Years with 3 Eclipses: 24
                      Number of Years with 4 Eclipses:  7
                      Number of Years with 5 Eclipses:  1  (  -438)

                      Two eclipses in same month:  -416 May

The longest and shortest central eclipses of the century as well as largest and smallest partial eclipses are listed in the below.

Extreme Durations and Magnitudes of Solar Eclipses: -499 to -400
Extrema Type Date Duration Magnitude
Longest Annular Solar Eclipse -0494 Jan 2610m24s -
Shortest Annular Solar Eclipse -0466 Jul 1300m05s -
Longest Total Solar Eclipse -0407 May 2207m13s -
Shortest Total Solar Eclipse -0475 Jul 2201m00s -
Longest Hybrid Solar Eclipse -0437 Dec 1701m45s -
Shortest Hybrid Solar Eclipse -0454 May 3100m06s -
Largest Partial Solar Eclipse -0424 Apr 30 - 0.96634
Smallest Partial Solar Eclipse -0485 Jan 17 - 0.00663

During the century, 3 Saros series begin and 6 Saros Series end. The list below gives the year and Saros number of each of these events.

      3 Saros Series begin [Year/Saros]:   -474/ 77  -463/ 78  -434/ 79
      6 Saros Series end   [Year/Saros]:   -496/ 37  -489/ 31  -485/ 33  -460/ 32  -438/ 39  -431/ 38


Catalog of Solar Eclipses

The catalog below lists concise details and local circumstances at greatest eclipse[5] for every solar eclipse during the century. A description or explanation of each parameter listed in the catalog can be found in Key to Catalog of Solar Eclipses.

Several fields in the catalog link to web pages or files containing additional information for each eclipse. The following gives a brief explanation of each link.


Index for Five Millennium Catalog of Solar Eclipses



Catalog of Solar Eclipses: -0499 to -0400


                      TD of
Catalog  Calendar   Greatest          Luna Saros Ecl.               Ecl.            Sun Path  Central
Number     Date      Eclipse    ΔT     Num  Num  Type QLE  Gamma    Mag.   Lat Long Alt Width   Dur.
                                 s                                          °    °    °   km

03595 -0499 Apr 19  13:16:39  17102 -30905   40   P   -t   1.0144  0.9617  71N  66W   0             
03596 -0499 Oct 14  07:09:56  17094 -30899   45   A   -p  -0.8637  0.9540  61S 109E  30  333  03m40s
03597 -0498 Apr 09  01:38:45  17085 -30893   50   T   -n   0.2186  1.0540  17N 137W  77  183  04m54s
03598 -0498 Oct 03  09:23:57  17076 -30887   55   A   nn  -0.1775  0.9266  11S 105E  80  280  09m29s
03599 -0497 Mar 29  18:11:18  17067 -30881   60   T   p-  -0.5113  1.0708  28S  10W  59  267  05m47s
03600 -0497 Sep 22  08:50:00  17059 -30875   65   A   p-   0.5216  0.9332  33N 128E  58  290  07m32s
03601 -0496 Feb 17  23:58:10  17052 -30870   32   P   -t   1.4180  0.2319  70N 149W   0             
03602 -0496 Mar 18  10:18:15  17050 -30869   70   P   t-  -1.2540  0.5302  72S 161W   0             
03603 -0496 Aug 12  01:14:42  17043 -30864   37   Pe  -t  -1.5237  0.0335  70S 161W   0             
03604 -0496 Sep 10  13:00:50  17041 -30863   75   P   t-   1.2046  0.6161  71N 168E   0             

03605 -0495 Feb 06  07:03:27  17034 -30858   42   A   -p   0.7509  0.9451  31N 140E  41  305  06m22s
03606 -0495 Aug 01  15:57:30  17026 -30852   47   T   -p  -0.7555  1.0607  29S   6E  41  304  05m17s
03607 -0494 Jan 26  07:33:51  17017 -30846   52   A   nn   0.0513  0.9245  17S 141E  87  285  10m24s
03608 -0494 Jul 22  08:53:54  17008 -30840   57   T   nn  -0.0322  1.0674  20N 118E  88  220  06m11s
03609 -0493 Jan 15  07:51:11  17000 -30834   62   A   p-  -0.6424  0.9407  62S 140E  50  288  05m12s
03610 -0493 Jul 11  23:22:27  16991 -30828   67   T   p-   0.7375  1.0183  71N 101W  42   93  01m16s
03611 -0493 Dec 06  01:53:20  16984 -30823   34   P   -t   1.4722  0.1296  64N 104W   0             
03612 -0492 Jan 04  14:25:59  16982 -30822   72   P   t-  -1.2968  0.4524  66S 139W   0             
03613 -0492 May 31  17:45:10  16975 -30817   39   P   -t  -1.2404  0.5518  63S  22E   0             
03614 -0492 Nov 24  16:50:18  16966 -30811   44   T   -p   0.7851  1.0395  29N  13E  38  211  03m21s

03615 -0491 May 20  18:22:59  16958 -30805   49   A   -p  -0.4836  0.9522   9S  17W  61  197  05m58s
03616 -0491 Nov 14  08:01:38  16949 -30799   54   T   -n   0.1254  1.0241  10S 130E  83   83  02m15s
03617 -0490 May 09  22:18:35  16941 -30793   59   A   p-   0.3004  0.9924  32N  94W  72   28  00m43s
03618 -0490 Nov 03  18:51:11  16932 -30787   64   A   p-  -0.5900  0.9682  45S  56W  54  140  02m42s
03619 -0489 Mar 31  01:26:56  16925 -30782   31   Pe  -t  -1.5100  0.0418  61S  42W   0             
03620 -0489 Apr 29  09:24:17  16924 -30781   69   P   t-   1.0402  0.9342  61N   5W   0             
03621 -0489 Oct 23  22:26:39  16915 -30775   74   P   t-  -1.3260  0.4072  61S 163E   0             
03622 -0488 Mar 19  18:16:39  16908 -30770   41   T   -p  -0.7965  1.0603  47S  13E  37  321  04m03s
03623 -0488 Sep 12  04:17:06  16899 -30764   46   A   -p   0.9761  0.9359  62N  97W  12 1132  04m30s
03624 -0487 Mar 09  09:21:28  16891 -30758   51   T   nn  -0.0810  1.0253  11S 116E  85   86  02m17s

03625 -0487 Sep 01  10:39:47  16882 -30752   56   H   nn   0.2091  1.0023  22N  96E  78    8  00m13s
03626 -0486 Feb 26  18:24:09  16874 -30746   61   A   p-   0.6880  0.9624  28N  42W  46  182  03m48s
03627 -0486 Aug 22  00:01:27  16865 -30740   66   T   p-  -0.5188  1.0522  14S 122W  59  200  04m33s
03628 -0485 Jan 17  02:08:17  16858 -30735   33   Pe  -t  -1.5666  0.0066  64S   7E   0             
03629 -0485 Feb 15  20:15:44  16857 -30734   71   P   t-   1.4379  0.2191  62N 110W   0             
03630 -0485 Jul 13  08:51:40  16849 -30729   38   P   -t   1.3356  0.3754  64N  90W   0             
03631 -0485 Aug 11  16:39:41  16848 -30728   76   P   t-  -1.2165  0.6036  62S  52W   0             
03632 -0484 Jan 06  03:43:31  16841 -30723   43   A   -p  -0.8405  0.9488  77S 121W  32  350  03m38s
03633 -0484 Jul 01  21:55:42  16832 -30717   48   H   -p   0.6304  1.0055  63N  70W  51   25  00m25s
03634 -0484 Dec 25  12:20:30  16824 -30711   53   H   nn  -0.1049  1.0095  30S  67E  84   33  00m55s

03635 -0483 Jun 21  04:00:44  16815 -30705   58   A   nn  -0.1407  0.9618  16N 172W  82  140  04m58s
03636 -0483 Dec 15  02:36:40  16807 -30699   63   T   p-   0.5698  1.0419  12N 150W  55  170  04m03s
03637 -0482 Jun 10  04:51:57  16798 -30693   68   A   t-  -0.9098  0.9417  43S 178E  24  524  06m26s
03638 -0482 Nov 05  06:23:22  16791 -30688   35   P   -t  -1.5027  0.0767  70S  16E   0             
03639 -0482 Dec 04  18:11:07  16790 -30687   73   P   t-   1.2373  0.5611  68N  13W   0             
03640 -0481 Apr 30  20:16:46  16783 -30682   40   P   -t   1.0836  0.8385  71N 175E   0             
03641 -0481 Oct 25  15:19:12  16774 -30676   45   A   -p  -0.8766  0.9489  67S  20W  28  391  03m54s
03642 -0480 Apr 19  09:07:31  16766 -30670   50   T   -n   0.2839  1.0585  25N 108E  73  201  05m07s
03643 -0480 Oct 13  17:07:20  16758 -30664   55   A   nn  -0.1973  0.9234  17S  13W  79  295  09m49s
03644 -0479 Apr 09  01:53:28  16749 -30658   60   T   p-  -0.4515  1.0737  21S 130W  63  267  06m16s


Catalog of Solar Eclipses: -0499 to -0400


                      TD of
Catalog  Calendar   Greatest          Luna Saros Ecl.               Ecl.            Sun Path  Central
Number     Date      Eclipse    ΔT     Num  Num  Type QLE  Gamma    Mag.   Lat Long Alt Width   Dur.
                                 s                                          °    °    °   km

03645 -0479 Oct 02  16:30:01  16741 -30652   65   A   p-   0.4951  0.9324  27N  10E  60  289  07m57s
03646 -0478 Feb 28  07:49:20  16734 -30647   32   P   -t   1.4597  0.1563  71N  78E   0             
03647 -0478 Mar 29  17:57:45  16732 -30646   70   P   t-  -1.2039  0.6240  72S  69E   0             
03648 -0478 Sep 21  20:55:38  16724 -30640   75   P   t-   1.1720  0.6736  72N  34E   0             
03649 -0477 Feb 17  14:37:28  16717 -30635   42   A   -p   0.7877  0.9451  37N  21E  38  326  06m00s
03650 -0477 Aug 12  23:48:23  16708 -30629   47   T   -p  -0.8059  1.0578  36S 118W  36  321  04m46s
03651 -0476 Feb 06  15:03:05  16700 -30623   52   A   nn   0.0820  0.9274  13S  28E  85  274  10m00s
03652 -0476 Aug 01  16:35:33  16692 -30617   57   T   nn  -0.0907  1.0627  15N   1E  85  207  05m53s
03653 -0475 Jan 25  15:43:04  16683 -30611   62   A   p-  -0.6212  0.9459  58S  26E  51  255  04m52s
03654 -0475 Jul 22  06:39:02  16675 -30605   67   T   p-   0.6740  1.0136  64N 156E  47   64  01m00s

03655 -0475 Dec 16  10:38:23  16668 -30600   34   P   -t   1.4701  0.1323  65N 113E   0             
03656 -0474 Jan 14  22:49:31  16666 -30599   72   P   t-  -1.2825  0.4778  68S  83E   0             
03657 -0474 Jun 12  00:08:10  16659 -30594   39   P   -t  -1.3282  0.4005  64S  84W   0             
03658 -0474 Jul 11  14:09:39  16658 -30593   77   Pb  t-   1.4887  0.1193  67N 142W   0             
03659 -0474 Dec 06  01:44:51  16651 -30588   44   T   -p   0.7855  1.0397  28N 125W  38  213  03m27s
03660 -0473 Jun 01  00:43:55  16643 -30582   49   A   -p  -0.5724  0.9530  13S 114W  55  207  05m59s
03661 -0473 Nov 25  16:48:43  16634 -30576   54   T   -n   0.1262  1.0213  13S   3W  83   73  02m03s
03662 -0472 May 20  05:06:50  16626 -30570   59   A   nn   0.2182  0.9970  31N 165E  77   11  00m17s
03663 -0472 Nov 14  03:15:19  16618 -30564   64   A   p-  -0.5880  0.9643  50S 177E  54  158  03m01s
03664 -0471 May 09  16:41:49  16609 -30558   69   T   t-   0.9651  1.0386  67N  93W  15  509  02m06s

03665 -0471 Nov 03  06:24:52  16601 -30552   74   P   t-  -1.3180  0.4208  62S  33E   0             
03666 -0470 Mar 31  02:04:46  16594 -30547   41   T   -p  -0.8523  1.0604  47S 103W  31  372  04m03s
03667 -0470 Sep 23  11:54:07  16586 -30541   46   A+  -p   1.0061  0.9514  61N 163E   0             
03668 -0469 Mar 20  17:02:24  16577 -30535   51   T   -n  -0.1325  1.0250   9S   0W  82   86  02m15s
03669 -0469 Sep 12  18:34:28  16569 -30529   56   H   -n   0.2437  1.0023  19N  23W  76    8  00m13s
03670 -0468 Mar 09  01:46:01  16561 -30523   61   A   p-   0.6406  0.9633  28N 154W  50  169  03m39s
03671 -0468 Sep 01  08:05:35  16553 -30517   66   T   p-  -0.4775  1.0513  15S 115E  61  191  04m21s
03672 -0467 Feb 26  03:28:46  16544 -30511   71   P   t-   1.3949  0.2908  61N 131E   0             
03673 -0467 Jul 23  16:24:32  16537 -30506   38   P   -t   1.3997  0.2544  64N 146E   0             
03674 -0467 Aug 22  00:36:58  16536 -30505   76   P   t-  -1.1716  0.6889  62S 178E   0             

03675 -0466 Jan 16  11:47:55  16529 -30500   43   A   -p  -0.8528  0.9533  74S 127E  31  328  03m16s
03676 -0466 Jul 13  04:59:52  16521 -30494   48   A   -p   0.7042  0.9989  66N 166W  45    5  00m05s
03677 -0465 Jan 05  20:54:17  16513 -30488   53   H   nn  -0.1117  1.0141  30S  61W  83   49  01m20s
03678 -0465 Jul 02  10:31:43  16504 -30482   58   Am  nn  -0.0573  0.9584  21N  90E  87  152  05m16s
03679 -0465 Dec 26  11:26:22  16496 -30476   63   T   p-   0.5660  1.0440  11N  75E  55  178  04m14s
03680 -0464 Jun 20  11:13:11  16488 -30470   68   A   p-  -0.8224  0.9439  32S  77E  34  365  06m51s
03681 -0464 Nov 15  15:03:43  16481 -30465   35   P   -t  -1.5080  0.0687  69S 128W   0             
03682 -0464 Dec 15  03:00:05  16480 -30464   73   P   t-   1.2387  0.5586  67N 158W   0             
03683 -0463 May 11  03:14:59  16473 -30459   40   P   -t   1.1553  0.7094  70N  56E   0             
03684 -0463 Jun 09  14:14:46  16471 -30458   78   Pb  t-  -1.5420  0.0174  67S  39E   0             

03685 -0463 Nov 04  23:33:41  16465 -30453   45   A   -p  -0.8847  0.9445  72S 149W  27  442  04m06s
03686 -0462 Apr 30  16:32:38  16456 -30447   50   T   -n   0.3529  1.0624  33N   7W  69  218  05m13s
03687 -0462 Oct 25  00:57:28  16448 -30441   55   A   nn  -0.2114  0.9206  22S 132W  78  307  10m05s
03688 -0461 Apr 20  09:30:02  16440 -30435   60   T   n-  -0.3870  1.0760  13S 112E  67  266  06m42s
03689 -0461 Oct 14  00:19:05  16432 -30429   65   A   p-   0.4756  0.9318  21N 110W  61  288  08m20s
03690 -0460 Mar 10  15:30:30  16425 -30424   32   Pe  -t   1.5085  0.0679  72N  52W   0             
03691 -0460 Apr 09  01:28:57  16423 -30423   70   P   t-  -1.1479  0.7291  72S  59W   0             
03692 -0460 Oct 02  05:00:36  16415 -30417   75   P   t-   1.1470  0.7180  72N 103W   0             
03693 -0459 Feb 27  22:02:12  16408 -30412   42   A   -p   0.8311  0.9449  44N  96W  33  362  05m35s
03694 -0459 Aug 23  07:46:54  16400 -30406   47   T   -p  -0.8502  1.0546  43S 116E  31  341  04m14s


Catalog of Solar Eclipses: -0499 to -0400


                      TD of
Catalog  Calendar   Greatest          Luna Saros Ecl.               Ecl.            Sun Path  Central
Number     Date      Eclipse    ΔT     Num  Num  Type QLE  Gamma    Mag.   Lat Long Alt Width   Dur.
                                 s                                          °    °    °   km

03695 -0458 Feb 16  22:25:01  16392 -30400   52   A   nn   0.1187  0.9304   8S  85W  83  262  09m29s
03696 -0458 Aug 13  00:23:29  16384 -30394   57   T   -n  -0.1434  1.0577   9N 118W  82  192  05m29s
03697 -0457 Feb 05  23:28:11  16376 -30388   62   A   p-  -0.5934  0.9515  53S  89W  53  221  04m29s
03698 -0457 Aug 02  14:00:01  16368 -30382   67   H   p-   0.6149  1.0083  57N  48E  52   37  00m39s
03699 -0457 Dec 27  19:20:31  16361 -30377   34   P   -t   1.4710  0.1292  66N  29W   0             
03700 -0456 Jan 26  07:06:25  16360 -30376   72   P   t-  -1.2621  0.5146  69S  54W   0             
03701 -0456 Jun 22  06:32:48  16353 -30371   39   P   -t  -1.4136  0.2541  65S 168E   0             
03702 -0456 Jul 21  20:57:12  16351 -30370   77   P   t-   1.4221  0.2366  68N 103E   0             
03703 -0456 Dec 16  10:36:32  16345 -30365   44   T   -p   0.7883  1.0403  28N  98E  38  219  03m34s
03704 -0455 Jun 11  07:08:11  16336 -30359   49   A   -p  -0.6586  0.9531  18S 148E  49  226  05m58s

03705 -0455 Dec 06  01:34:59  16328 -30353   54   T   -n   0.1270  1.0191  15S 135W  83   66  01m53s
03706 -0454 May 31  11:55:38  16320 -30347   59   H   nn   0.1354  1.0010  29N  64E  82    3  00m06s
03707 -0454 Nov 25  11:40:41  16312 -30341   64   A   p-  -0.5878  0.9611  53S  52E  54  174  03m18s
03708 -0453 May 20  23:57:02  16304 -30335   69   T   t-   0.8874  1.0460  69N 175W  27  333  02m40s
03709 -0453 Nov 14  14:27:24  16296 -30329   74   P   t-  -1.3134  0.4287  62S  97W   0             
03710 -0452 Apr 10  09:43:44  16289 -30324   41   T   -t  -0.9156  1.0592  50S 145E  23  476  03m55s
03711 -0452 Oct 03  19:42:34  16281 -30318   46   P   -t   1.0275  0.9146  61N  36E   0             
03712 -0451 Mar 31  00:33:55  16273 -30312   51   T   -n  -0.1914  1.0243   8S 114W  79   84  02m12s
03713 -0451 Sep 23  02:38:36  16265 -30306   56   H   -n   0.2713  1.0024  16N 145W  74    9  00m13s
03714 -0450 Mar 20  08:59:06  16257 -30300   61   A   p-   0.5865  0.9641  29N  96E  54  157  03m31s

03715 -0450 Sep 12  16:17:47  16249 -30294   66   T   p-  -0.4426  1.0501  17S  10W  64  184  04m09s
03716 -0449 Mar 09  10:32:43  16241 -30288   71   P   t-   1.3445  0.3753  61N  15E   0             
03717 -0449 Aug 04  00:01:15  16234 -30283   38   P   -t   1.4601  0.1417  63N  21E   0             
03718 -0449 Sep 02  08:41:00  16233 -30282   76   P   t-  -1.1326  0.7625  61S  47E   0             
03719 -0448 Jan 27  19:47:31  16226 -30277   43   A   -p  -0.8698  0.9583  71S  13E  29  308  02m53s
03720 -0448 Jul 23  12:07:49  16218 -30271   48   A   -p   0.7738  0.9918  68N 100E  39   45  00m35s
03721 -0447 Jan 16  05:23:22  16210 -30265   53   T   nn  -0.1232  1.0191  29S 172E  83   66  01m46s
03722 -0447 Jul 12  17:07:51  16202 -30259   58   A   nn   0.0214  0.9546  24N   9W  89  166  05m31s
03723 -0446 Jan 05  20:12:29  16194 -30253   63   T   p-   0.5588  1.0465  10N  59W  56  186  04m24s
03724 -0446 Jul 01  17:38:34  16186 -30247   68   A   p-  -0.7375  0.9451  24S  23W  42  299  07m03s

03725 -0446 Nov 26  23:44:34  16179 -30242   35   P   -t  -1.5126  0.0618  69S  88E   0             
03726 -0446 Dec 26  11:45:57  16178 -30241   73   P   t-   1.2379  0.5601  66N  59E   0             
03727 -0445 May 22  10:13:27  16171 -30236   40   P   -t   1.2277  0.5777  69N  62W   0             
03728 -0445 Jun 20  20:59:47  16170 -30235   78   P   t-  -1.4589  0.1643  66S  74W   0             
03729 -0445 Nov 16  07:50:05  16163 -30230   45   A   -p  -0.8905  0.9409  77S  82E  27  487  04m15s
03730 -0444 May 10  23:55:15  16155 -30224   50   T   -p   0.4247  1.0654  41N 120W  65  236  05m11s
03731 -0444 Nov 04  08:52:49  16147 -30218   55   A   nn  -0.2212  0.9185  27S 108E  77  317  10m16s
03732 -0443 Apr 30  17:02:20  16139 -30212   60   T   n-  -0.3188  1.0774   5S   5W  71  264  07m01s
03733 -0443 Oct 24  08:15:20  16131 -30206   65   A   p-   0.4612  0.9318  16N 128E  62  286  08m38s
03734 -0442 Apr 20  08:53:18  16123 -30200   70   P   t-  -1.0866  0.8437  71S 175E   0             

03735 -0442 Oct 13  13:14:46  16115 -30194   75   P   t-   1.1285  0.7510  72N 118E   0             
03736 -0441 Mar 11  05:14:24  16109 -30189   42   A   -t   0.8841  0.9444  53N 146E  27  436  05m08s
03737 -0441 Sep 03  15:54:13  16101 -30183   47   T   -p  -0.8876  1.0509  50S  14W  27  366  03m41s
03738 -0440 Feb 28  05:36:11  16093 -30177   52   A   nn   0.1647  0.9337   1S 165E  81  250  08m54s
03739 -0440 Aug 23  08:18:57  16085 -30171   57   T   -n  -0.1895  1.0523   3N 120E  79  176  04m59s
03740 -0439 Feb 16  07:05:14  16077 -30165   62   A   p-  -0.5579  0.9575  47S 156E  56  186  04m04s
03741 -0439 Aug 12  21:27:24  16069 -30159   67   H   p-   0.5617  1.0026  50N  64W  56   11  00m13s
03742 -0438 Jan 07  04:00:16  16062 -30154   34   P   -t   1.4745  0.1211  67N 170W   0             
03743 -0438 Feb 05  15:18:18  16061 -30153   72   P   t-  -1.2368  0.5607  70S 170E   0             
03744 -0438 Jul 03  12:58:27  16055 -30148   39   Pe  -t  -1.4974  0.1112  66S  61E   0             


Catalog of Solar Eclipses: -0499 to -0400


                      TD of
Catalog  Calendar   Greatest          Luna Saros Ecl.               Ecl.            Sun Path  Central
Number     Date      Eclipse    ΔT     Num  Num  Type QLE  Gamma    Mag.   Lat Long Alt Width   Dur.
                                 s                                          °    °    °   km

03745 -0438 Aug 02  03:48:23  16053 -30147   77   P   t-   1.3586  0.3475  69N  12W   0             
03746 -0438 Dec 27  19:27:14  16047 -30142   44   T   -p   0.7922  1.0413  29N  39W  37  227  03m40s
03747 -0437 Jun 22  13:34:11  16039 -30136   49   A   -p  -0.7436  0.9527  24S  49E  42  258  05m53s
03748 -0437 Dec 17  10:19:56  16031 -30130   54   H3  -n   0.1286  1.0173  16S  93E  83   60  01m45s
03749 -0436 Jun 10  18:47:03  16023 -30124   59   H   nn   0.0536  1.0043  26N  38W  87   15  00m27s
03750 -0436 Dec 05  20:05:47  16015 -30118   64   A   p-  -0.5881  0.9584  57S  71W  54  187  03m32s
03751 -0435 May 31  07:14:08  16007 -30112   69   T   p-   0.8101  1.0514  69N  94E  36  291  03m07s
03752 -0435 Nov 24  22:30:25  15999 -30106   74   P   t-  -1.3093  0.4356  63S 132E   0             
03753 -0434 Apr 21  17:18:50  15993 -30101   41   T   -t  -0.9821  1.0556  56S  41E  10 1017  03m29s
03754 -0434 May 21  00:03:26  15991 -30100   79   Pb  t-   1.5128  0.0279  63N 113E   0             

03755 -0434 Oct 15  03:38:57  15985 -30095   46   P   -t   1.0434  0.8875  61N  93W   0             
03756 -0433 Apr 11  07:56:43  15977 -30089   51   T   -n  -0.2567  1.0230   7S 135E  75   81  02m07s
03757 -0433 Oct 04  10:52:17  15969 -30083   56   H   -n   0.2920  1.0026  13N  90E  73    9  00m14s
03758 -0432 Mar 30  16:01:21  15961 -30077   61   A   p-   0.5243  0.9646  29N   9W  58  147  03m27s
03759 -0432 Sep 23  00:39:06  15953 -30071   66   T   n-  -0.4149  1.0489  19S 137W  65  177  03m57s
03760 -0431 Mar 19  17:26:30  15946 -30065   71   P   t-   1.2856  0.4745  61N  98W   0             
03761 -0431 Aug 14  07:45:52  15939 -30060   38   Pe  -t   1.5136  0.0432  62N 105W   0             
03762 -0431 Sep 12  16:53:58  15938 -30059   76   P   t-  -1.1012  0.8209  61S  86W   0             
03763 -0430 Feb 07  03:39:58  15931 -30054   43   A   -p  -0.8937  0.9633  67S 102W  26  296  02m30s
03764 -0430 Aug 03  19:20:15  15923 -30048   48   A   -p   0.8388  0.9843  68N   6E  33  102  01m04s

03765 -0429 Jan 27  13:46:44  15916 -30042   53   T   nn  -0.1404  1.0245  28S  47E  82   84  02m12s
03766 -0429 Jul 23  23:47:53  15908 -30036   58   A   nn   0.0966  0.9505  27N 109W  84  182  05m48s
03767 -0428 Jan 17  04:52:35  15900 -30030   63   T   p-   0.5466  1.0494  10N 168E  57  195  04m35s
03768 -0428 Jul 12  00:09:36  15892 -30024   68   A   p-  -0.6564  0.9456  17S 124W  49  264  07m07s
03769 -0428 Dec 07  08:26:02  15886 -30019   35   P   -t  -1.5165  0.0560  67S  55W   0             
03770 -0427 Jan 05  20:27:49  15884 -30018   73   P   t-   1.2343  0.5669  65N  83W   0             
03771 -0427 Jun 01  17:12:55  15878 -30013   40   P   -t   1.2999  0.4453  68N 180W   0             
03772 -0427 Jul 01  03:49:51  15877 -30012   78   P   t-  -1.3784  0.3073  65S 172E   0             
03773 -0427 Nov 26  16:07:50  15870 -30007   45   A   -p  -0.8945  0.9379  82S  44W  26  524  04m22s
03774 -0426 May 22  07:16:55  15862 -30001   50   T   -p   0.4979  1.0676  49N 128E  60  255  05m04s

03775 -0426 Nov 15  16:52:47  15855 -29995   55   A   nn  -0.2269  0.9170  31S  13W  77  324  10m23s
03776 -0425 May 12  00:29:44  15847 -29989   60   T   n-  -0.2467  1.0782   2N 120W  76  260  07m12s
03777 -0425 Nov 04  16:19:10  15839 -29983   65   A   p-   0.4525  0.9322  12N   4E  63  283  08m51s
03778 -0424 Apr 30  16:11:23  15831 -29977   70   P   t-  -1.0208  0.9663  71S  51E   0             
03779 -0424 Oct 23  21:36:01  15824 -29971   75   P   t-   1.1150  0.7752  71N  23W   0             
03780 -0423 Mar 21  12:18:06  15817 -29966   42   A   -t   0.9433  0.9430  63N  24E  19  640  04m39s
03781 -0423 Sep 14  00:09:47  15809 -29960   47   T   -p  -0.9186  1.0472  57S 147W  23  399  03m12s
03782 -0422 Mar 10  12:40:07  15802 -29954   52   A   nn   0.2165  0.9371   6N  56E  77  239  08m14s
03783 -0422 Sep 03  16:20:38  15794 -29948   57   T   -n  -0.2298  1.0468   3S   3W  77  160  04m26s
03784 -0421 Feb 27  14:35:29  15786 -29942   62   A   p-  -0.5161  0.9637  40S  42E  59  152  03m36s

03785 -0421 Aug 24  05:01:15  15778 -29936   67   A   p-   0.5151  0.9966  44N 179W  59   14  00m18s
03786 -0420 Jan 18  12:33:13  15772 -29931   34   P   -t   1.4838  0.1019  68N  49E   0             
03787 -0420 Feb 16  23:21:21  15771 -29930   72   P   t-  -1.2039  0.6214  70S  35E   0             
03788 -0420 Aug 12  10:47:49  15763 -29924   77   P   t-   1.3022  0.4450  70N 130W   0             
03789 -0419 Jan 07  04:12:19  15757 -29919   44   T   -p   0.8004  1.0426  30N 175W  37  238  03m46s
03790 -0419 Jul 02  20:06:15  15749 -29913   49   A   -p  -0.8239  0.9517  32S  53W  34  312  05m43s
03791 -0419 Dec 27  19:00:22  15741 -29907   54   H   -n   0.1333  1.0160  16S  38W  82   55  01m39s
03792 -0418 Jun 22  01:42:32  15733 -29901   59   H   nn  -0.0257  1.0071  22N 141W  89   25  00m46s
03793 -0418 Dec 17  04:28:25  15726 -29895   64   A   p-  -0.5871  0.9564  59S 167E  54  197  03m43s
03794 -0417 Jun 11  14:30:53  15718 -29889   69   T   p-   0.7318  1.0555  67N   1E  43  269  03m32s


Catalog of Solar Eclipses: -0499 to -0400


                      TD of
Catalog  Calendar   Greatest          Luna Saros Ecl.               Ecl.            Sun Path  Central
Number     Date      Eclipse    ΔT     Num  Num  Type QLE  Gamma    Mag.   Lat Long Alt Width   Dur.
                                 s                                          °    °    °   km

03795 -0417 Dec 06  06:34:48  15710 -29883   74   P   t-  -1.3066  0.4401  64S   0W   0             
03796 -0416 May 02  00:47:10  15704 -29878   41   P   -t  -1.0535  0.9180  62S  64W   0             
03797 -0416 May 31  07:28:25  15703 -29877   79   P   t-   1.4411  0.1676  63N   9W   0             
03798 -0416 Oct 25  11:43:57  15696 -29872   46   P   -t   1.0527  0.8718  61N 136E   0             
03799 -0415 Apr 21  15:12:09  15689 -29866   51   T   -p  -0.3272  1.0211   7S  25E  71   76  02m00s
03800 -0415 Oct 14  19:14:55  15681 -29860   56   H   -n   0.3057  1.0031   9N  37W  72   11  00m17s
03801 -0414 Apr 10  22:55:21  15673 -29854   61   A   p-   0.4558  0.9650  29N 113W  63  140  03m25s
03802 -0414 Oct 04  09:07:54  15666 -29848   66   T   n-  -0.3933  1.0475  22S  94E  67  170  03m47s
03803 -0413 Mar 31  00:12:50  15658 -29842   71   P   t-   1.2205  0.5850  61N 151E   0             
03804 -0413 Sep 24  01:14:10  15650 -29836   76   P   t-  -1.0760  0.8671  61S 139E   0             

03805 -0412 Feb 18  11:25:21  15644 -29831   43   A   -p  -0.9242  0.9683  65S 145E  22  299  02m07s
03806 -0412 Aug 14  02:39:14  15636 -29825   48   A   -t   0.8974  0.9765  67N  91W  26  190  01m34s
03807 -0411 Feb 06  22:04:04  15629 -29819   53   T   nn  -0.1635  1.0300  26S  77W  80  103  02m38s
03808 -0411 Aug 03  06:34:26  15621 -29813   58   A   nn   0.1660  0.9464  28N 151E  80  200  06m05s
03809 -0410 Jan 27  13:26:55  15614 -29807   63   T   p-   0.5294  1.0525  11N  37E  58  203  04m44s
03810 -0410 Jul 23  06:47:50  15606 -29801   68   A   p-  -0.5804  0.9456  13S 134E  54  243  07m03s
03811 -0410 Dec 18  17:04:14  15600 -29796   35   P   -t  -1.5225  0.0462  66S 164E   0             
03812 -0409 Jan 17  05:02:42  15598 -29795   73   P   t-   1.2256  0.5831  64N 137E   0             
03813 -0409 Jun 13  00:14:15  15592 -29790   40   P   -t   1.3713  0.3136  67N  63E   0             
03814 -0409 Jul 12  10:46:02  15591 -29789   78   P   t-  -1.3014  0.4445  64S  57E   0             

03815 -0409 Dec 08  00:24:23  15585 -29784   45   A   -p  -0.8989  0.9357  86S 156W  26  557  04m27s
03816 -0408 Jun 01  14:38:54  15577 -29778   50   T   -p   0.5714  1.0689  56N  18E  55  274  04m51s
03817 -0408 Nov 26  00:53:19  15569 -29772   55   A   nn  -0.2323  0.9163  34S 133W  76  327  10m22s
03818 -0407 May 22  07:55:23  15562 -29766   60   T   n-  -0.1732  1.0779   9N 125E  80  256  07m13s
03819 -0407 Nov 15  00:27:37  15554 -29760   65   A   p-   0.4466  0.9332   9N 120W  63  278  08m55s
03820 -0406 May 11  23:23:29  15547 -29754   70   T   t-  -0.9507  1.0249  54S  88W  18  278  01m56s
03821 -0406 Nov 04  06:04:15  15539 -29748   75   P   t-   1.1064  0.7909  70N 164W   0             
03822 -0405 Apr 01  19:10:51  15533 -29743   42   A+  -t   1.0107  0.9459  72N 139W   0             
03823 -0405 Sep 25  08:34:09  15525 -29737   47   T   -p  -0.9423  1.0435  63S  75E  19  440  02m45s
03824 -0404 Mar 20  19:33:16  15518 -29731   52   A   nn   0.2774  0.9405  13N  51W  74  229  07m32s

03825 -0404 Sep 14  00:30:59  15510 -29725   57   T   -n  -0.2623  1.0412   9S 128W  75  142  03m52s
03826 -0403 Mar 09  21:58:29  15503 -29719   62   A   p-  -0.4674  0.9702  33S  72W  62  121  03m04s
03827 -0403 Sep 03  12:41:28  15495 -29713   67   A   p-   0.4746  0.9905  37N  64E  61   38  00m54s
03828 -0402 Jan 28  21:01:43  15489 -29708   34   P   -t   1.4974  0.0746  69N  91W   0             
03829 -0402 Feb 27  07:18:58  15488 -29707   72   P   t-  -1.1656  0.6926  71S  99W   0             
03830 -0402 Aug 23  17:53:19  15480 -29701   77   P   t-   1.2510  0.5327  71N 110E   0             
03831 -0401 Jan 18  12:52:53  15474 -29696   44   T   -p   0.8128  1.0442  33N  51E  35  253  03m49s
03832 -0401 Jul 14  02:42:55  15466 -29690   49   A   -p  -0.9009  0.9499  42S 157W  25  427  05m26s
03833 -0400 Jan 08  03:36:41  15459 -29684   54   H   -n   0.1409  1.0152  15S 167W  82   53  01m35s
03834 -0400 Jul 02  08:43:41  15451 -29678   59   H   nn  -0.1015  1.0092  18N 113E  84   32  01m01s

03835 -0400 Dec 27  12:46:23  15444 -29672   64   A   p-  -0.5829  0.9549  59S  48E  54  203  03m54s


World Atlas of Solar Eclipse Paths

Detailed maps of all annular, total and hybrid eclipses during the 5th century BCE can be found at the World Atlas of Solar Eclipse Paths. The maps are broken down into 20 year intervals and may be accessed through the links below. Each map is stored in GIF format with a typical file size of 130 kilobytes.

World Atlas of Solar Eclipse Paths
5th century BCE -0499--0480 -0479--0460 -0459--0440 -0439--0420 -0419--0400

Index to Five Millennium Catolog of Solar Eclipses

Each link below displays a web page containing 100 years of solar eclipses. Every eclipse has links of global maps, central paths plotted on Google Maps, Saros series tables, and Besselian elements.

Five Millennium Catalog of Solar Eclipses
Centuries
-1999 - -1900 -1899 - -1800 -1799 - -1700 -1699 - -1600 -1599 - -1500
-1499 - -1400 -1399 - -1300 -1299 - -1200 -1199 - -1100 -1099 - -1000
-0999 - -0900 -0899 - -0800 -0799 - -0700 -0699 - -0600 -0599 - -0500
-0499 - -0400 -0399 - -0300 -0299 - -0200 -0199 - -0100 -0099 - -0000
0001 - 0100 0101 - 0200 0201 - 0300 0301 - 0400 0401 - 0500
0501 - 0600 0601 - 0700 0701 - 0800 0801 - 0900 0901 - 1000
1001-1100 1101-1200 1201-1300 1301-1400 1401-1500
1501-1600 1601-1700 1701-1800 1801-1900 1901-2000
2001-2100 2101-2200 2201-2300 2301-2400 2401-2500
2501-2600 2601-2700 2701-2800 2801-2900 2901-3000

These web pages are part of the Five Millennium Catalog of Solar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000


Calendar

The Gregorian calendar is used for all dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates. The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions ). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..


Predictions

The coordinates of the Sun used in these predictions are based on the VSOP87 theory [Bretagnon and Francou, 1988]. The Moon's coordinates are based on the ELP-2000/82 theory [Chapront-Touze and Chapront, 1983]. For more information, see: Solar and Lunar Ephemerides. The revised value used for the Moon's secular acceleration is n-dot = -25.858 arc-sec/cy*cy, as deduced from the Apollo lunar laser ranging experiment (Chapront, Chapront-Touze, and Francou, 2002).

The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:

  1. pre-1950's: ΔT calculated from empirical fits to historical records derived by Morrison and Stephenson (2004)
  2. 1955-present: ΔT obtained from published observations
  3. future: ΔT is extrapolated from current values weighted by the long term trend from tidal effects

A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -1999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.


Footnotes

[1] The Moon's orbit is inclined about 5.1° to Earth's orbit around the Sun. The points where the lunar orbit intersects the plane of Earth's orbit are known as the nodes. The Moon moves from south to north of Earth's orbit at the ascending node, and from north to south at the descending node.

[2] Hybrid eclipses are also known as annular/total eclipses. Such an eclipse is both total and annular along different sections of its umbral path. (See: Five Millennium Catalog of Hybrid Solar Eclipses)

[3] Central solar eclipses are eclipses in which the central axis of the Moon's shadow strikes the Earth's surface. All partial (penumbral) eclipses are non-central eclipses since the shadow axis misses Earth. However, umbral eclipses (total, annular and hybrid) may be either central (usually) or non-central (rarely).

[4] The terms BCE and CE are abbreviations for "Before Common Era" and "Common Era," respectively. They are the secular equivalents to the BC and AD dating conventions. (See: Year Dating Conventions )

[5] Greatest eclipse is defined as the instant when the axis of the Moon's shadow passes closest to the Earth's center. For total eclipses, the instant of greatest eclipse is virtually identical to the instants of greatest magnitude and greatest duration. However, for annular eclipses, the instant of greatest duration may occur at either the time of greatest eclipse or near the sunrise and sunset points of the eclipse path.


Acknowledgments

The information presented on this web page is based on data published in Five Millennium Canon of Solar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 and Five Millennium Catalog of Solar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000. The individual global maps appearing in links were extracted from full page plates appearing in Five Millennium Canon by Dan McGlaun. The Besselian elements were provided by Jean Meeus. Fred Espenak assumes full responsibility for the accuracy of all eclipse calculations.

Permission is freely granted to reproduce this data when accompanied by an acknowledgment:

"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak (NASA's GSFC)"


Eclipse Links

Five Millennium Catalog of Solar Eclipses

Ten Millennium Catalog of Long Solar Eclipses

Saros Series Catalog of Solar Eclipses

World Atlas of Solar Eclipse Paths

2010 Jul 21